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Posouzení využitelnosti vybraných listnatých dřev pro výrobu kompozitu na bázi dřeva
Kašpařík, Matěj
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of the possibility of replacing spruce wood in the production of OSB with hornbeam and birch wood. The purpose of the thesis is to compare selected physical and mechanical properties of OSB made of these woods with standardized properties of OSB. In the first part, the origin, characteristics and current use of OSB are presented. The second part deals with the material and methodology of all the tests performed. The following properties of the boards were investigated: moisture content, flexural strength and elastic limit, density profile, swelling, delamination and shear strength of the glued joint. In the third part of the paper, the results of the tests and their comparison with the standard requirements for OSB are presented, followed by a summary and discussion.
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Struktura porostů pionýrských dřevin a jejich obnova v přírodní lesní oblasti 29 - Nízký Jeseník
Haltof, René
The submitted diploma thesis deals with the structure of pioneer tree stands and their subsequent regeneration in the natural forest area 29 - Nízký Jeseník, created by successions after allochthonous spruce, specifically located at LS Vítkov and LS Opava (LČR, s. p.). The aim was to describe the structure of medium old forest stands with a predominance of birch in the area of interest, in selected forest stands, and to register all tree species. For the upperstory (trees over 2 meters), which is mainly formed by birch, measure the diameter of the tree at breast height. Then find out their growth potential and select target trees. For target trees, determine the diameter increment and also the length and width of the crown. For trees below 2 meters (understory), measure their height and differentiate them according to the origin – natural or artificial regeneration and also evaluate the growth potential of trees from natural and successful artificial regeneration. In accordance with the objectives of the thesis, the specifics of tending usable in forestry practice were formulated.
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Zhodnocení stavu a struktury rašeliništního společenstva na lokalitě Malá louka
Keller, Lukáš
The aim of this thesis is focused on a research of a peat bog Malá louka located in Oderské vrchy in military district Libavá. There is a natural succesion on this peat bog, lasting decades, that resulted in a tree storey of all age levels. The dominating tree species is a common birch (Betula pendula). Goal of this thesis was to capture current state and structure of tree storey and peat bog and describe it from dendrometric values.
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Determination of Chlorophyll Content in Birch and Pine Trees Using Hyperspectral Data
Zachová, Kateřina ; Potůčková, Markéta (advisor) ; Brodský, Lukáš (referee)
The master thesis deals with the determination of the chlorophyll content in birch foliage (Betula pendula Roth) and Scots pine using hyperspectral data. The first part of the thesis concentrates on the literature search dealing with the methods of chlorophyll content in the foliage of selected plant species. In the practical part the emphasis is on the study of spectral reflectance curves and finding their relation to the chlorophyll content from the laboratory determination. Images taken with the hyperspectral sensor HyMap and spectral reflectance curves obtained with the ground ASD FieldSpec 3 spectrometer were available. Using the derived regression model chlorophyll maps were created for Scots pine for three selected locations in the Sokolov coal basin area.
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Rekonstrukce přípravných porostů břízy bělokoré podsadbami
Souchová, Jana
The aim of the Dissertation Thesis was to assess the oak and fir tree seedling growth rate in the Deštná-Horákova Lhota, Bystřice nad Pernštejnem and Opatovec - Kukle areas. Measurements took place on 22 areas with various intensity release preliminary growth. The following parameters were measured: current height of the above-ground tree plant parts and its height in previous year, yearly growth rate, length of sideways growing tree parts, width of tree crown, height of dual and triple tree trunk parts, deflection of trunk from its vertical axis, width and length of leaf or needle, root neck diameter, multiple tree trunk, straightness of the trunk, multiple tree top, vitality of the plant, damages through animal bites or horn scrapings. It can be concluded that each variation results in different growth rate of the undergrowth. It has been found that the best growth rate under birch tree plants was achieved in a narrow strip of bare of the tree plant beds. The worst growth rate, on the other hand, was observed in the 0.5 tree trunk variation.
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Vyhodnocení změny struktury a prostorových vztahů dřevinného patra po revitalizaci rašeliniště na lokalitě Malá louka
Keller, Lukáš
This thesis is aimed on research of spatial distribution of trees on peatland Malá louka and their dependance on spatial covariates of distance from water reservoirs and terrain elevation. It also approximates volume of tree biomass that were produced spontaneously over approximately 60 years till its thining in 2014s revitalization and therefore it tries to reconstruct the state of stand before that revitalization. For spatial analysation a spatstat R library was used. Data were collected with Fieldmap and results are, that birch and alder can be found closer to water reservoirs while beech stay further away and spruce can be found in every distance. From result we van conclude, that revitalization in 2014 was primarily aimed to cut down birch.
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Zakládání a obnova lesa podsadbami pod přípravné porosty břízy bělokoré a olše šedé
Brach, Vlastimil
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare and evaluate saplings of the European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in underplantings under birch and grey alder preparative plant stands in different conditions in the LS LČR Šternberk district. It was evaluated seven variants under birch preparative plant stand and nine variants under grey alder preparative plant stand. A different way of intervention on every variant was used. There were measured and evaluated 16 parameters (e.g. actual height of seedlings, last years height of seedlings, annual increment, mortality). It was found out that every variant has another impact on underplanted saplings. It was found out that for birch plant stand are the best conditions for European beech saplings in variants with the 0.5 stocking. There are the best conditions for grey alder plant stand if the density of a stand was reduced to 50 %. Worse conditions for underplantings were identified on clear-cutting places.
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The reaction of phytophagous on differenced manganese content in the diet
Martinek, Petr
The rapid adaptation of insect species on environment changes can represent a significant advantage for their development and consequently a great negative effect for the stability of forest ecosystems. Larval individuals of Cabera pusaria and Lymantria dispar and adults of Melolontha hippocastani and Phillobius arborator is in general widely expanded species of herbivorous insects in European regions and with them are connected huge economic and ecological losses. The composition of food (biogenic elements, trace elements, heavy metals, proteins, carbohydrates etc.) is the main parameter of food quality. Laboratory experiment with natural diet (assimilation apparatus of Quercus petraea and Betula pendula) in control conditions (temperature, humidity, and light) were used for determination of insects’ reactions to increased concentration of manganese in the diet. Food was contaminated by soaking in solutions of MnCl2.4H2O with graded manganese concentrations. On the base of experiment design and character of reared experimental species we determined the food consumption, the activity period of adults, the mortality of larvae, the quantity of eggs laying, the dry mass and live weight of experimental individuals, concentrations of manganese in unconsumed food, excrement and lyophilized bodies, larval and pupal exuviae. Mentioned parameters were observed for determination of reactions of experimental insect species on changed food quality via the presence of high manganese contents. The results showed, that the reactions of individual experimental animals were very different. We observed the negative reaction to high manganese content in the diet of L. dispar larvae with the tendency of its compensation (the increasing food consumption rate and prolongation of development). Caterpillars of C. pusaria were very sensitive to changed food quality and therefore we observed high mortality. On the other side, the high manganese content in the diet of P. arborator in the laboratory conditions influenced neither their food intake nor their mortality. For individuals of M. hippocastani very high content of manganese in the diet significantly influenced the food consumption and thereby their development(distortion of copulation and consequent eggs laying). We observed the repellent effect of high levels of manganese in the diet. In all cases, the elimination mechanisms of surplus manganese in the diet were observed. Individuals in experiments exuded manganese through the digestive system into excrements and by incorporation of it into unspecified parts of their adult body without direct physiology activity or in exuviae of caterpillars.
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Determination of Chlorophyll Content in Birch and Pine Trees Using Hyperspectral Data
Zachová, Kateřina ; Potůčková, Markéta (advisor) ; Brodský, Lukáš (referee)
The master thesis deals with the determination of the chlorophyll content in birch foliage (Betula pendula Roth) and Scots pine using hyperspectral data. The first part of the thesis concentrates on the literature search dealing with the methods of chlorophyll content in the foliage of selected plant species. In the practical part the emphasis is on the study of spectral reflectance curves and finding their relation to the chlorophyll content from the laboratory determination. Images taken with the hyperspectral sensor HyMap and spectral reflectance curves obtained with the ground ASD FieldSpec 3 spectrometer were available. Using the derived regression model chlorophyll maps were created for Scots pine for three selected locations in the Sokolov coal basin area.
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Zhodnocení stavu a struktury rašeliništního společenstva na lokalitě Malá louka
Keller, Lukáš
The aim of this thesis is focused on a research of a peat bog Malá louka located in Oderské vrchy in military district Libavá. There is a natural succesion on this peat bog, lasting decades, that resulted in a tree storey of all age levels. The dominating tree species is a common birch (Betula pendula). Goal of this thesis was to capture current state and structure of tree storey and peat bog and describe it from dendrometric values.
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