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Water quality and the assessment of anthropogenic pollution in the sediments of the Elber River oxbow lakes
Beranová, Lucie ; Chalupová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Havlíková, Petra (referee)
In this thesis, water quality and the assessment of anthropogenic pollution in the sediments of the middle course of the Elbe River oxbow lakes Kozelská and Vrť were studied. It is widely accepted that the oxbow lakes are extremely significant ecosystems, However, a large amount of contaminated material may deposit in these lakes. The pollution probably comes from industrial sources of contamination from the second half of the 20th century. In addition, the oxbow lakes show the development of the riverbed, and contribute to the stability of the river ecosystem. The research of Lake Kozelská was chosen especially to its proximity to the chemical factory Spolana in Neratovice, which used to be the biggest source of pollution of the Elbe River. The research included bathymetric measurements, regular observations of hydrological regime, monthly analysis of chemical and physical parameters of water in the period from December 2016 to November 2017, and marginally microscopic analyses of phytoplankton and zooplankton species too. The next part of this research included grain analysis and determination of metal and arsenic concentrations in the sediment fraction of 20µm using Aqua Regia leaching and total decomposition as well. Concerning water quality assessment, these lakes were characterized by higher...
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Changes of ecosystem loads in longitudinal profile of anthropogenic polluted river
Kohušová, Kateřina ; Tonika, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (referee) ; Komínková, Dana (referee)
Disertační práce Změny zátěže ekosystému v podélném profilu antropogenně ovlivněného toku Kateřina Kohušová Changes of ecosystem load in longitudinal profile of antropogenically influenced river ABSTRACT To determine anthropogenic load of the Bílina river ecosystem we monitored concentrations of selected heavy metals (As, Cd, Hg, Pb, V, Zn) and specific organic substances (PAH, PCB, HCH, HCB, DDT) in three different matrices: surface water, biofilms and sediments. In the longitudinal profile of the river, four sampling profiles were determined (B1 - B4), mapping different parts of the river. The monitoring took place from 2005 to 2008. Concentrations of the substances monitored in surface water showed a decrease in load compared to the values from ten years ago. The concentrations found in surface water showed clear tendency of pollution in the longitudinal profile; the load increased downstream and profiles B3 and B4 mid- and downstream had the highest concentration. In the case of some concentrations of substances in surface water there is a trend of the majority of values being below the detection limit by the given methods of analysis. This shows a decrease of load in the river but the positive trend was invalidated by variations in maximum concentrations. Even though these variations were rare and...
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The impact of agricultural and anthropogenic activities on Lhotický and Vitický stream in the watershed of the river Želivka
Jakešová, Helena ; Charvátová, Helena (advisor) ; Petrů, Anita (referee)
Every small watercourse is part of the balance in nature. Human activity affects the quality and the physico chemical composition of water. Man is changing riverbeds and hydrological conditions of the environment. This bachelor thesis evaluates the chemical composition of experimental flows of the Lhotický stream and the Vitický stream of the Želivka river basin in the Křemešník Highlands. Doing field research, monitoring and evaluating the results of water samples is carried out to find the influence of human activities on the quality and composition of water. The area is anthropogenically influenced mainly by sewage water in the municipalities where sewage treatment plants are missing. Agricultural activity causes contamination along the entire length of the flow. The streams do not have a treated bed, overflowing is possible in numerous floodplains, the impact of pollution is mitigated by riparian vegetation.The monitored indicators rank the experimental flows into the lowest class. In the area, maintaining a healthy ecosystem is possible.
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The impact of noise and light pollution on voice activity of Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita)
Žilinčíková, Nikola ; Hodačová, Lenka (advisor) ; Kočicová, Pavlína (referee)
The continuing growth of the worldss population causes increase of anthropogenic influence on environment. In this mechanized times the often observed factors with influence on (not only) birds populations, are light and noise. These factors of environment can have negative impact on birds song and behavior related to it. Vocal expression is essential for communication of bird species and is necessary for their life processes. The birds are therefore, under the influence of stressors, forced to adapt themselves to newly emerging environment. This work investigates the influence of light and noise pollution on vocalization of chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita) during the morning and evening hours. The obtained data came from 4 types of locality (light-polluted, noise-polluted, light-noise polluted and without pollution) where the factors were represented predominantly by the noise of traffic and by artificial night lighting. Localities with presence of chiffchaff were selected and voice recorder was then placed into his territory. The obtained records of his voice were subsequently analyzed. The recording was done since April until May 2015, solely during the good weather conditions (without storms and strong wind). A development and intensity of the birds song were compared. The spotted result was a shift of chiffchaff´s morning vocalization initiation under the influence of light and noise pollution and increased intensity of birds song in the morning hours, in the locality affected by light and also in the noisy locality during the sunset.
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Ecological state of the river Svatava
Laslop, Antonín ; Pecharová, Emilie (advisor) ; Karel, Karel (referee)
This work ecological state of the river Svatavy maps the condition of the watercourse, which rises in the Ore Mountains, south of the German Schöneck at an altitude of 710 m. N. M. The mapping was carried out in the stretch of the river from the village to near the town of Sokolov, in three sections. The first section forms part of the water flow away from the border, where the river forms the border Svatava, to the footbridge over the river, in front of the saw in the lead. The second section forms part of the watercourse from Oloví inflow in Luh nad Svatavou. The third section then from this tributary in Luh nad township Svatava to the very confluence of Ohře and Svatava Sokolov. Detailed measurements were performed on sixteen supply points Professional Plus instrument. Data collected in individual measurements, to individual extraction points, focused on the evaluation of the physico-chemical parameters of water flow. Based on these parameters was evaluated the current status of anthropogenic pollution watercourse Svatavy.
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The Earth Atmosphere and Astronomical Observations
ZBEJVALOVÁ, Jana
This work has the task outline view of the astronomical observations, not only in the Earth's atmosphere, but also in the far space. It provides a brief overview of the first optical devices to the latest space observatory. It also deal with the impact of anthropogenic and light pollution on astronomical observations.
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