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Automatic Creation of Dictionaries from Translations
Sumbalová, Lenka ; Kouřil, Jan (referee) ; Smrž, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to make a system for automatic creation of dictionaries from translations. It describes the implementation of a system that generates Czech-English dictionary from the aligned parallel corpus and summarizes the results. It also analyzed CzEng parallel corpus, which was used as the data source for dictionaries and explainS the theoretical concepts related to this topic.
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Parallel Corpus Manager
Kouřil, Jan ; Dytrych, Jaroslav (referee) ; Smrž, Pavel (advisor)
The goal of diploma project was to implement parallel corpus manager, which can align parallel texts in different languages and insert them into corpus, where several more processing functions are provided. Program provides possibilities of automatic text alignment and its interactive editing. These aligned texts are then inserted into corpus. Program can work with multiple corpora, parallel corpus is allways identified by a couple of languages. In corpus, there are possibilities to search by many categories, view and edit particular selections, lemmatize and morphologically tag given texts, sort selections, import and export data, in many ways edit corpus for further easy navigation and add new expressions to managed dictionaries. Particular chapters describe introduction to corpus problematics, theory of aligning parallel texts, morphological text tagging and lemmatization, external tools used in program, most common subtitle formats and implementation solution of particular problems.
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Graphical representation of DNA and protein sequences
Pražák, Ondřej ; Kolářová, Jana (referee) ; Maděránková, Denisa (advisor)
Modification of DNA sequences and their suitable representation is important part of analysis, comparison and another processing. Goal of this paper is finding of suitable methods for representation of genomic and proteomic sequences. Because there is great number of metods, this paper will introduce only some of them. All selected methods, are described in the first part of this paper and they were programed in Matlab. Selected methods are illustrated on coding sequences of the first exon of the b-globin gene of 11 different species. Results are compared withresults from the original papers. Some methods are capable of another processing like cluster analysis. Output of this paper is comparison of results, gained from different methods, and finding the most suitable one.
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Tool for Automatic Subtitle Alignment
Chudý, Daniel ; Chlubna, Tomáš (referee) ; Milet, Tomáš (advisor)
The main motivation of this work is to simplify the retiming of subtitles, where the inputs are the original and edited video files and subtitles corresponding to the original video. Example – a video editor needs to cut a scene from a video. Subtitles that correspond with the clipped part of the video must be manually removed and the subtitle part that follows the clipped part must be manually re-timed. The tool makes this work easier by automating it. From an arbitrarily edited version of the video file (cuts), the original file and the original subtitles, a version of subtitles will be created that fits the edited version of the video file. Simply put, the goal is to align the original subtitles with the edited video file. The solution is the conversion of video files to audio files (.wav, wavfile), extraction of MFCC (Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients) and subsequent mutual comparison with the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm. From the alignment path (DTW output), signal differences (cuts in the video) are detected and subtitles are adjusted based on them. A dataset was created to test the application consisisting of public domain films and own recordings. The created application provides 69 – 90 % subtitle alignment success on a dataset that contains videos of length 1 – 60 minutes.
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Effect of the electron dose distribution on tilt series acquisition
Kasáková, Anna ; Hlavenková, Zuzana (referee) ; Müllerová,, Michaela (advisor)
Kryoelektronová tomografie je unikátní technika elektronové mikroskopie, která umožňuje 3D vizualizaci biomolekul, a to jak izolovaných, tak uvnitř buněk. Hlavním cílem kryoelektronové tomografie je maximalizovat počet projekcí při zajištění dostatečného kontrastu obrazu a minimalizaci kumulativní dávky elektronů. Tato práce je zaměřena na hodnocení kvality tomogramů pomocí dávkově symetrického schématu náklonu. Experimenty byly navrženy za účelem zjištění vlivu změny kroku náklonu, počtu náklonů na jeden překmit a úpravy doby expozice.
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Spontaneous directional preferences in \kur{Eublepharis macularius}: Laterality and cardinal direction preferences
VOTRUBOVÁ, Kateřina
Despite increasing numbers of studies on orientation, magnetoreception and laterality, there is only few of them focused on reptiles. This thesis points out this issue and tries to come up with a new infromation about orientation in reptiles. Practical part is aimed at laterality in leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius) by testing it in T-maze. It also focuses on potential influence of the Earth's magnetic field on orientation in T-maze and geckos ability to perceive this field. Additionally, this thesis include some general evaluation of gecko's etology throughout the experiment.
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The transformative capacity of artificial intelligence: A critical approach to alignment in Security Studies
Morales Mendoza, Ivan Emmanuel ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Judge, Andrew (referee)
The Transformative Capacity of Artificial Intelligence: A Critical Approach to Alignment in Security Studies. By Ivan Emmanuel Morales Mendoza Charles University Student Number: 81738503 Abstract As the capabilities of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems increase around the world, academics and policymakers have paid renewed attention to ensure their behaviour remains aligned to their operator's expectations, especially in sensitive areas involving public, national, and international security. The use of AI systems in security contexts, especially those considered as "high-risk," is a security issue because humans are trusting a technology, based on their expectations, to produce outcomes to make individuals and communities safer. This leads to an increase in the use of algorithms to perform policing duties, target identification, intelligence generation, among others. However, current theoretical and methodological proposals are limited when considering the transformative impact AI can have in security studies. Therefore, this article will analyse three of the current proposals for AI alignment -symbolic, Machine Learning and hybrid- to illustrate how security studies could strengthen its conceptual and methodological robustness when analysing security risks associated with the use of AI systems. To do...
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