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Respondents of the Aktionsart category "saturation" (contrastive corpus analysis)
KOSTUDISOVÁ, Simona
This bachelor's thesis is called Respondents of the Aktionsart category "saturation" (contrastive corpus analysis) and its aim is to compare the categories of verbal aspect, lexical aspect (Aktionsart) and saturation in the Czech and Spanish language. It is comprised of two parts - a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part focuses on the comparison of the categories, their definitions and coherence in both languages. Moreover, it examines the means of their realization in the verb, again in both languages. The basis of the practical part is the work with the newest version of the parallel corpus InterCorp, which is used to perform a contrastive analysis of the translation counterparts of saturation in Czech and Spanish.
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Verbal Periphrases for expressing passive resultation in a contrastive perspective.
BULVOVÁ, Marcela
The subject of this diploma thesis are periphrastic means for expressing passive resultativeness in a contrastive perspective. The theoretical part describes Spanish verbal periphrasis from the point of view of Czech and Spanish linguists. It states the standards and types of the periphrasis and it focuses on periphrasis with the meaning of passive resultativeness. It also deals with the way of expressing Aktionsart in Czech and Spanish language; therefore, it describes perfective and imperfective aspect. The aim of the practical part is to analyse the possibilities of translation of the Spanish passive resultative verbal periphrasis into Czech language in texts of fiction and in journalistic texts using the Czech corpus tool InterCorp.
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Biaspectual verbs in Russian and Czech
Tikovská, Marie ; Giger, Markus (advisor) ; Stranz-Nikitina, Veronika (referee)
This master's thesis deals with biaspectual verbs in Russian and Czech language. The theoretical part is divided into two main chapters. The first one provides short overview of main areas of aspectological research. Individual subchapters explain and describe basic aspectological concepts - aspect, aspectual pair, aktionsart etc, their functional features and mechanisms of creating aspectual pairs. The second theoretical chapter is devoted to the phenomenon of biaspectuality. It presents different approaches to the nature of biaspectuality and issues of classification of biaspectual verbs. It also maps statistical data about biaspectual verbs in Russian and Czech and describes dynamics of their development. The practical part represents a contrastive analysis of 50 Russian and 50 Czech biaspectual verbs. Main goal was to explore functioning of biaspectual verbs in Russian and Czech, find their new potential aspectual partners, examine mechanisms of their creating and determine extent of their semantic overlap with original borrowed biaspectual verbs, using selected electronic corpuses, the internet and own examples. Finally, based on results of the analysis, are formulated main tendencies of the development of biaspectual verbs in Russian and Czech. Key words Aktionsart, aspect, aspectology,...
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Aspect in French Light Verb Constructions
VENUŠOVÁ, Alena
The dissertation deals with aspect in light verb constructions in French (LVCs). Light verb predicates such as faire du doublage, faire une découverte, and donner un conseil, constitute a specific kind of verb-noun construction recognizable by two transformational tests i.e., the cancellation test and the argument co-reference test. From the aspectual point of view, there are three parameters to be recognized: the lexical aspect (states, processes, events), grammatical aspect (perfectivity, imperfectivity), and aktionsart (quantity, quality, and phase of action). Being the semantical root of LVCs, the predicative noun is a starting point for aspectual analysis, nevertheless this aspectual interpretation is drawn from the whole sentence and takes account of the whole LVC, as well as of other aspectually relevant components (aspect shifting and aspectual composition). The objective of the research is to clarify the aspectual properties of the predicative noun and examine whether and how the principle of lexical aspect shifting is applied in the context of LCVs with a focus on the role of semantics (creation, motion containing a goal destination), of the predicative noun's complement (its quantization and cumulativity), countability, and determination of the predicative noun. It is observed that countability marked by articles has a crucial effect on the interpretation of the lexical aspect and aktionsart (faire un saut - sauter une fois, faire un emballage - emballer un cadeau, *emballer une fois). The research is based upon a systematic use of real corpora contexts (InterCorp 2018, FrWac, araneum), French lexicon-grammar data (Maurice Gross and his colleagues), and native-speaker competence.
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The Progression of the Verbal Aspect into the Bohemian Language System
KAMENÍK, Josef
The topic of this dissertation concerns with the analysis of baroque period's grammatical aspect in Czech language. In the first part I focus on the modernheoretical literature about the grammatical aspect and related verbal categories. Subsequently I interpret the classification, meanings and assumed usage of the grammatical aspect presented by authors of baroque grammar books. On the grounds of this study I create a methodological basis for practical research, define the main concepts as well as terms and I set hypotheses about the baroque aspect system. Thereafter I try to verify the hypothesis using the verbal material excerpted from the original texts. The cornerstone of my research is the grammatical aspect recorded in the literary texts of the baroque epoch. The grammatical aspects in these texts are assessed from the view of verbal system, their semantic meaning and formal realization. Moreover, I explore some important grammatical phenomena closely associated with the grammatical aspect, such as tenses, lexical aspects and transgressive constructions. The presented dissertation sets a goal to describe the state of baroque grammatical aspects and their application in contemporary literature as thorough as possible. Besides it aims to specify the trend resulting in a full integration of grammatical aspects into the Czech verbal system.
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Aspectual periphrases in Italian and their Czech counterparts in the parallel corpus InterCorp
Němec, Jakub ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Obstová, Zora (referee)
Aspectual periphrases in Italian and their Czech counterparts in the parallel corpus InterCorp Jakub Němec Ústav románských studií doc. Mgr. Pavel Štichauer, Ph.D. Abstract in English This bachelor's work deals with aspectual periphrases in Italian, theirs division and facts, that these periphrases expresses. First, we will be talking about general linguistic and we will define basic linguistic terms along with grammatical categories, we will be working with. Core of this work is collaboration with internet parallel corpus InterCorp, through which one we will divide these periphrases into groups according to the stage of process, that they express. We will be analysing their particularities, their ability to relate with other verbs and their frequency. At last we will talk about translation of these verbal constructions in Czech and we will compare the issues of aspectuality in tenses in both languages. Key words: Aktionsart, periphrases, ingressive, durativ, conclusive, Czech, Italian, parallel corpus InterCorp
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Analysis of Behavioural Profiles of Iterative Verbs in Latin
Hrach, Petr ; Pultrová, Lucie (advisor) ; Friedová, Mirjam (referee)
This thesis deals with the group of Latin iterative verbs, i.e. the group that is formally marked with the iterative suffix -t. It deals with the question what was the actual meaning of the iterative suffix -t in classical Latin as reference literature says that in some cases the meaning of iterative verbs in classical Latin was the same as that of the base verb and there are iterative verbs whose base verbs are not attested at all. Also, only iterative verbs often passed into Romance languages. Another question this thesis deals with is the relationship of iterative verbs as a group set off on the basis of the category of aktionsart as it is understood in the Czech linguistic tradition and the categories that are generally referred to as aspect (grammatical aspect, lexical aspect). In this case, the selected method is a corpus-based quantitative method called the "behavioural profiles". In our case, the corpus is limited to selected prosaic works of the classical Latin period of approximately the 1st century b.C. to the 1st century AD. In its first part, the analysis is based on studying the occurrences of selected iterative verb - base verb pairs in the above mentioned corpus, especially focused on the frequency of occurrence, valence and classification of predicates into Vendler's classes,...
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Biaspectual verbs in Russian and Czech
Tikovská, Marie ; Giger, Markus (advisor) ; Stranz-Nikitina, Veronika (referee)
This master's thesis deals with biaspectual verbs in Russian and Czech language. The theoretical part is divided into two main chapters. The first one provides short overview of main areas of aspectological research. Individual subchapters explain and describe basic aspectological concepts - aspect, aspectual pair, aktionsart etc, their functional features and mechanisms of creating aspectual pairs. The second theoretical chapter is devoted to the phenomenon of biaspectuality. It presents different approaches to the nature of biaspectuality and issues of classification of biaspectual verbs. It also maps statistical data about biaspectual verbs in Russian and Czech and describes dynamics of their development. The practical part represents a contrastive analysis of 50 Russian and 50 Czech biaspectual verbs. Main goal was to explore functioning of biaspectual verbs in Russian and Czech, find their new potential aspectual partners, examine mechanisms of their creating and determine extent of their semantic overlap with original borrowed biaspectual verbs, using selected electronic corpuses, the internet and own examples. Finally, based on results of the analysis, are formulated main tendencies of the development of biaspectual verbs in Russian and Czech. Key words Aktionsart, aspect, aspectology,...
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Aspectuality in Czech and Dutch
Vymazalová, Tereza ; Hrnčířová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Pekelder, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with aspectuality in Czech and Dutch. The theoretical part covers the most important widely recognized and widespread theoretical approaches to the issue. It also compares to which stream Czech and Dutch linguists tend to and how the phenomenon is discussed in grammar. The main points of the work are aspect and Aktionsart. Both of them have similar semantic features, which are the main criteria for comparison of these two typologically different languages. Both in Czech and Dutch, the perception of aspect and manner of its expression varies. The aim of this work is to bring the Czech user of Dutch options for how Czech aspectual meanings may be expressed in Dutch. The practical part contains, besides an overview of the language means, also the practical analysis of two fictional texts, which supports answering two questions. First, whether the Dutch translation preserves the concept of Czech aspectual opposites and if so, in what ways. Second, whether the Czech interpreter has tendency to enrich Dutch text with aspects or not. key words: aspect, Aktionsart, Dutch, imperfectivity, perfectivity
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