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Adipose etrogenisation and other anthropological aspects of obesity
Novák, Jan ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (referee) ; Bendlová, Běla (referee)
This work presents an anthropological view of obesity. It introduces the concept of adipose estrogenization and describes its relationship to pelvic morphology. Further, secular changes in the prevalence of latent obesity, the consequences, and the etiology of this condition are described. The work also validates tools for assessing chronotype, subsequently associating these metrics with sociodemographic factors, including obesity. The key part of this project present study focused on changes in the morphology of the bony pelvis in the context of pubertal history of obesity. It is a longitudinal study (n = 238) with an anthropometric examination after 8 years and an estimation of sex hormones. The main observation was that adult men with a history of obesity had more gynoid (relatively wider) pelvic bone morphology and altered levels of sex hormones, i.e., reduced testosterone levels and an increased relative proportion of estradiol to testosterone, i.e., estrogenization. This was manifested with habitual pelvic feminization, which serves as a marker of estrogenization and a retrospective marker of obesity. In the context of this study, a Letter to the Editor is added as a correction to the publication, interpreting these findings as a possible explanation for the shorter second stage of labor in...
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The level of selected motor skills and adiposity of preschool children.
Galář, Jakub ; Vokounová, Šárka (advisor) ; Musálek, Martin (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on proving the close relationship between worsening physical condition among preschool children and the growth of their body fat. These two changes are considered to be the result of the modern way of life with the lack of physical activity. The fact that the situation has worsened can be seen in the increasing prevalence of obesity among children. The survey for the bachelor thesis took place in 2017 April until July among 176 4- to 6-year-old children (87 boys and 89 girls) who were attending kindergarten. The first technique used was to gauge subcutaneous fat by measuring skinfold thickness. In the case of children, the skinfold at the triceps (above m. triceps brachii) and the subscapular skinfold (above the shoulder blade). The second technique involved motoric testing. 20-meter run characterizes the speed skills of children. The long jump defines the explosive strength of lower limbs, coordination, and nimbleness. Ball throw helps to test the level of explosive strength of upper limb connected with nimbleness and coordination. In the end, we used the Slaughter skinfold-thickness method to gauge the percentage of subcutaneous fat. We compared the long-term changes with the two surveys (Pařízková, 1977) and (Dvořáková, Baboučková, Justián, 2010). Our findings show...
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