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Reprodukce slona afrického (Loxodonta africana) v Zoo Zlín - Lešná
Šimková, Daria
ŠIMKOVÁ, D. Reproduction of an African elephant (Loxodonta africana) in a Zoo Zlín – Lešná. Mendel University in Brno, 2019. Diploma thesis. The thesis analyzes the issue of reproduction of critically endangered species of African elephant. The work is focused on monitoring of animal weight and blood test results during the reproductive cycle. The first part describes the general characteristics of the reproduction cycle of the African elephant, the issue of pregnancy and childbirth, and the female reproductive system. In the second part, there are given data from three particular elephants from the Zoo in Zlín. The data are processed into graphs and these are then commented on and compared with the conclusions of already conducted studies and scientific papers. At the end, all the knowledge and forecast of the African elephant reproduction in the Zoo - Lešná in the future are evaluated. All the results show that females are fully capable of reproduction and there is no need to make any changes in the breeding of these animals.
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Assisted reproductive technology in reptiles
Kánská, Barbora ; Kratochvíl, Lukáš (advisor) ; Frýdlová, Petra (referee)
The thesis deals with assisted reproduction techniques in reptiles. The class of reptiles (Reptilia), as is classically described, is paraphyletic taxa. That is the reason why birds (Aves) are included for completeness of this thesis. For the sake of clarity, the term "reptiles" is used in the thesis within the meaning of traditional reptile orders (squamates, tuataras, chelonians and crocodilians), which together with birds form the monophyletic class Sauropsida. The development of assisted reproduction techniques has been mainly focused on mammals so far. However, given the numbers of endangered species of reptiles and birds, it is clear that more attention should be paid to them, as assisted reproduction techniques can represent one of the ways to prevent their extinction. This thesis deals with those methods. Semen collection and its subsequent storage represent the first step to successful artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization. Cryopreservation and following transplantation of ovarian and testicular tissues (already successful in birds) is a promising method for conservation programs in endangered animal species. Furthermore, captive animal breeding is briefly mentioned, which is not an assisted reproduction technique in the true sense of the word, but offers an example of saving...
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Assisted reproduction in dogs
Kopecká, Iveta ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Šimoník, Ondřej (referee)
The dog is among the largest and longest man domesticated beast and holds in his life indispensable place. To preserve the species is a precondition for its ability to reproduce. To increase the success rate of reproduction contribute in recent decades and methods of assisted reproduction. Among the most common methods of assisted reproduction in dogs include artificial insemination. This can be done in several ways depending on the site deposit seed in genital tract of female (intravaginal, transcervical intrauterine, intratubular insemination). It can be carried out using native, chilled or frozen semen. Insemination process itself affects the success of pregnancy rates. Generally, that is the most successful design insemination with fresh semen intratubular. Another method is assisted reproduction in vitro oocyte fertilization and subsequent embryo transfer. The success of this method is dependent on many factors, among which include the sampling of gametes method of storage, the composition of culture media, mechanisms regulating nuclear oocyte maturation and others. It is evident that the need of further research, leading to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control oocyte maturation and embryonic development in dogs. A relatively new method of reproductive biotechnology is somatic cell nuclear transfer into an oocyte depleted own genetic information called cloning. This technology does not achieve major success so far. Methods of assisted reproduction in dogs hinders overall physiology of the reproductive system, but also more difficult method of obtaining oocytes and embryos, and then find the appropriate recipient. The key seems to be to find a more suitable solution for long term storage of gametes. Achieving successful freezing of sperm and oocyte cryopreservation would lead to greater use of reproductive technologies. Studies on assisted reproduction in dogs are among other things contributing to overall understand of reproductive mechanisms. Acquired knowledge may enable the conservation of valuable dog genotypes in vitro.
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Uplatnění inseminace v chovu koní v České republice
BARTOŇOVÁ, Bohdana
Aplication of modern biotechnology method, artificial insemination is very important for genetics control in horses. Only with application of insemination it is possible to ensure sufficient number of offspring of one stallion for objective evaluation of inheritance of particular genes. This thesis aims to collect information about current situation and results in horse breeding in the Czech republic. Reproduction indicatiors were evaluated within the Czech Warmblood breed in 2010 2015. The data was obtained from Czech warmblood breeders association yearbooks, analysed and compared to results of reproduction in selected species of farm animals (cattle, sheeps), obtained from corresponding yearbooks, registred by Bohemian-Moravian breeders association. In years of 2010-2015, 4320 artificial inseminations were recorded in Czech warmblood breeding. The number of foals born after artificial insemination was 1745, after natural breeding it was 1359. Average fertility in artificial insemination was 56,10 %, in natural breeding 49,34 %. In comparison of reproduction indicators with selected species of farm animals it was found out, that in horse breeding, evaluation of fertility of is considerably simpler than in other farm animals, since there are less indicatiors for evaluation. Different reproduction indicatiors are evaluated in cattle and sheep breeding.The reason might be in more focus on sport preformance in horses, than to reproduction indicators, that are not openly available.
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Health and social aspects of infertility and its treatment
ZAVADILOVÁ, Zuzana
Infertility is the inability to achieve a pregnancy. WHO classify infertility into two groups. Primary infertility is the term used to describe a couple that has never been able to conceive a pregnancy, after at least 1 year of unprotected intercourse. Secondary infertility describes couples who have previously been pregnant at least once, but have not been able to achieve another pregnancy. Causes of infertility include a wide range of physical as well as emotional factors. Approximately 30 - 40% of all infertility is due to a "male" factor such as retrograde ejaculation, impotence hormone deficiency, environmental pollutants, scarring from sexually transmitted disease, or decreased sperm count. A "female" factor -- scarring from sexually transmitted disease or endometriosis, ovulation dysfunction, poor nutrition, hormone imbalance, ovarian cysts, pelvic infection, tumor or transport system abnormality from the cervix through the fallopian tubes -- is responsible for 40 - 50% of infertility in couples. The remaining 10 -30% of infertility cases may be caused by contributing factors from both partners, or no cause can be identified. This dissertation has two main goals. The first goal is to describe how a couple face up to their problems with infertility. The second goal is that this dissertation can be used as a study material for social and medical employees. This dessertation is based on a qualitative research. I used a method CAMI {--} communication through the use of computer. The observational goup were people disccusing at www.neplodnost.cz.
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