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ISOLATION OF TRANSGENIC PLANTS NICOTIANA TABACUM AND SILENE VULGARIS
Kováčová, Viera ; Doškař, Jiří (referee) ; Vyskot,, Boris (advisor)
This project is focused on transformation of Silene vulgaris mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes. S. vulgaris is a good model plant to study gynodioecy, an evolutionary step from bisexuality to dioecy. Gynodioecious plants form in some individuals bisexual flowers, while the others possess only female flowers. The aim of this research is do develop a technique to introduce foreign genes into this plant to study its developmental consequences. Using A. rhizogenes we successfuly prepared hairy root cultures, which unfortunately do not form shoot regenerants. We have prepared a protocol to induce plant regenerants from S. vulgaris leaf fragments. The first results do not confirm that A. tumefaciens infected plant regenerants harbor reporter transgenes. We used Nicotiana tabacum as a positive control.
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Use of transgenic plants in functional analysis of plant genes
Klincová, Martina ; Fischer, Lukáš (advisor) ; Sabol, Peter (referee)
Use of transgenic plants in functional analysis of plant genes Functional genomics makes it possible to detect the functions of uncharacterized genes. It allows you to understand not only the functions of individual genes, but also the relationships between them. The acquired knowledge can also be used in improving the properties of various cultivated plants. With decreasing cost and increasing sequencing efficiency, many plant genomes are sequenced, but without the associated function of individual genes. Reverse genetics approaches are used to characterize these genes. In the first place, these include approaches that include the analysis of insertional mutants or the use of RNA interference that inactivates or reduces the expression of the individual genes studied. We can also inactivate whether to specifically modify the function of a particular selected gene using site-specific endonucleases, which include meganucleases, zinc finger nucleases, TALEN (transcription activator-like effector nucleases) and CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short paindromic repeats). In contrast to inactivation approaches, there are approaches such as activating mutagenesis and ectopic expression, through which we increase the expression. In addition, gene expression and protein localization can be analyzed...
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Genetically modified plants in relation to solving the issue of global climate changes
Nedělová, Jana ; Opatrný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Drda Morávková, Alena (referee)
The theoretical part of the diploma thesis summarizes basic facts related to the global climate change and provides up-to-date knowledge on the issue of genetically modified plants more resistant to stress factors of environment, including specific examples of strategies regarding preparation of genetically modified plants resistant particularly to abiotic stress. Although genetically modified plants and global climate changes belong to very important and current issue which public and foremost young generation should be sufficiently aware of, contemporary biology books and high school framework educational program pay to the issue very little attention. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is not only to summarize the basic facts and current knowledge regarding this issue but mainly to handle the issue in didactic level in the form of activating learning tasks. There were 28 learning tasks created in the thesis that gradually in unconventional way familiarize students with the issue of genetically modified plants and with the impacts of climate changes. Students must actively acquire information from accompanying materials to address the tasks properly, think critically over them, utilizing acquired knowledge and experience from the past to some extent. Fourteen tasks were chosen from the file created which...
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ISOLATION OF TRANSGENIC PLANTS NICOTIANA TABACUM AND SILENE VULGARIS
Kováčová, Viera ; Doškař, Jiří (referee) ; Vyskot,, Boris (advisor)
This project is focused on transformation of Silene vulgaris mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes. S. vulgaris is a good model plant to study gynodioecy, an evolutionary step from bisexuality to dioecy. Gynodioecious plants form in some individuals bisexual flowers, while the others possess only female flowers. The aim of this research is do develop a technique to introduce foreign genes into this plant to study its developmental consequences. Using A. rhizogenes we successfuly prepared hairy root cultures, which unfortunately do not form shoot regenerants. We have prepared a protocol to induce plant regenerants from S. vulgaris leaf fragments. The first results do not confirm that A. tumefaciens infected plant regenerants harbor reporter transgenes. We used Nicotiana tabacum as a positive control.
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Genetic Modified Organisms - Hope or Danger?
VLÁŠKOVÁ, Alena
My bachelor degree thesis deals with the modern phenomenon of genetically modified organisms (GMO). I have selected this subject as the GMO issue is highly topical and, in my opinion, fairly neglected in the Czech Republic. On one side, the benefits of organic food have been ever more emphasized and, on the other side, there are relatively many foodstuffs containing genetically modified components. However, it should be noted at this point that many consumers do not have the slightest idea about it. This is partly caused by the fact that consumers have little information about product compositions as labels often use very small and illegible fonts. The main objective of the thesis is to improve the awareness of genetically modified organisms. I have used an anonymous questionnaire survey to find out differences in the awareness about the issue among residents of the South Bohemian and Pilsen regions. The total number of distributed questionnaires was 100, i.e. 50 for each of the regions. The return rate of the questionnaires was 100 %. The respondents were selected at random. I have formulated 4 basic hypotheses in my research work. The first: The awareness of GMO is very low. This hypothesis has been confirmed. The second: The prevailing opinion among the respondents is that GMO are harmful. This hypothesis has been confirmed because most of the respondents (67 %) believe that GMO are harmful to health. The third: Most of the respondents do not primarily focus on the composition and origin of foodstuffs when they do the shopping. This hypothesis has not been confirmed because this type of information plays an important role for an ever increasing number of people. The fourth: When respondents do the shopping the price of foodstuffs is more important than the quality. This hypothesis has been rebutted because most of the respondents (74 %) do their shopping primarily based on the price and quality ratio. The results of this thesis may be further used for public education about GMO issues within a public discussion about the topic.
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Elektrochemické stanovení metalothioneinu v transgenním tabáku
Křížková, S. ; Diopan, V. ; Baloun, J. ; Šupálková, V. ; Shestisvka, V. ; Kotrba, P. ; Macková, Martina ; Macek, Tomáš ; Havel, L. ; Adam, V. ; Zehnálek, J. ; Kizek, R.
Inspection of CUP1 content in selected tobacco lineages using electrochemical method optimized for its selective determination was described.
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