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Proteomics as a tool for understanding molecular mechanisms of human diseases
Pospíšilová, Jana
Proteomics is a set of analytical methods which enable qualitative and quantitative characterization of the proteome. Expression proteomics quantitatively compares proteomes of cells, tissues, body fluids or other biological materials to find differencies in protein expression and, based on these differencies, to describe the biological processes occuring in investigated organisms. An initial material for expression proteomic studies are complex mixtures containing thousands of proteins, which are analyzed using separation (electrophoretic and chromatographic) methods, and identified, possibly quantified using mass spectrometry. The aim of this Thesis is to demonstrate the application of the tools of expression proteomics in solving diverse challenges in biomedicine. We employed various proteomic approaches and tools for studying molecular mechanisms of human diseases using pacient biological samples, or a model organism and a cell culture. We were conducting three different research projects, namely: A quest for potencial molecular targets for selective elimination of TRAIL-resistant mantle cell lymphoma cells; Investigation of molecular mechanisms of heart failure using a rat model of the disease induced by volume overload; and Searching for diagnostically usable serum biomarkers of ovarian...
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Canonical and non-canonical signalling triggered by activated TRAIL receptors in human cells
Nahácka, Zuzana
TRAIL ligand can trigger apoptosis of permissive human cells via engagement of its two pro- apoptotic receptors TRAIL-R1 (DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5). Its ability to induce apoptosis independently on p53 status and to selectively kill cancer cells in vitro and in vivo made this ligand an attractive target in cancer research. However, acquired resistance of primary cancer cells, unsatisfactory outcome of clinical trials and recent studies arguing that TRAIL might under specific conditions promote cancer progression, opened new plethora of questions, which need to be addressed. Though both receptors DR4 and DR5 are ubiquitously expressed, different types of tumours show preference for either of the receptors. The relative participation of DR4 and DR5 in TRAIL- induced signalling is still largely unknown. To analyse TRAIL receptor-specific signalling, I prepared Strep-tagged, trimerised variants of recombinant human TRAIL ligands with high affinity for either DR4 or DR5 receptor. Using these receptor-specific ligands, I examined a contribution of individual pro-apoptotic receptors to TRAIL-induced signalling pathways. I found that in TRAIL resistant colorectal HT-29 cells but not in pancreatic PANC-1 cancer cells, DISC formation and initial caspase-8 processing proceeded comparably in both DR4- and...
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Proteomics as a tool for understanding molecular mechanisms of human diseases
Pospíšilová, Jana ; Petrák, Jiří (advisor) ; Šulc, Miroslav (referee) ; Kovářová, Hana (referee)
Proteomics is a set of analytical methods which enable qualitative and quantitative characterization of the proteome. Expression proteomics quantitatively compares proteomes of cells, tissues, body fluids or other biological materials to find differencies in protein expression and, based on these differencies, to describe the biological processes occuring in investigated organisms. An initial material for expression proteomic studies are complex mixtures containing thousands of proteins, which are analyzed using separation (electrophoretic and chromatographic) methods, and identified, possibly quantified using mass spectrometry. The aim of this Thesis is to demonstrate the application of the tools of expression proteomics in solving diverse challenges in biomedicine. We employed various proteomic approaches and tools for studying molecular mechanisms of human diseases using pacient biological samples, or a model organism and a cell culture. We were conducting three different research projects, namely: A quest for potencial molecular targets for selective elimination of TRAIL-resistant mantle cell lymphoma cells; Investigation of molecular mechanisms of heart failure using a rat model of the disease induced by volume overload; and Searching for diagnostically usable serum biomarkers of ovarian...
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MacPherson Suspension Kinematics Analysis
Trnková, Lucie ; Fojtášek, Jan (referee) ; Hejtmánek, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the influence of the position of significant points of MacPherson strut on kinematic characteristics. The first part contains a description of selected suspension parameters, their impact on the driving properties of the car, and a description of MacPherson strut. Furthermore, based on provided data, is prepared a detailed analysis of the influence of kinematics points to individual characteristics. In conclusion, all findings are synoptically summarized so that they can serve as a manual for change of the kinematic characteristics.
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Canonical and non-canonical signalling triggered by activated TRAIL receptors in human cells
Nahácka, Zuzana
TRAIL ligand can trigger apoptosis of permissive human cells via engagement of its two pro- apoptotic receptors TRAIL-R1 (DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5). Its ability to induce apoptosis independently on p53 status and to selectively kill cancer cells in vitro and in vivo made this ligand an attractive target in cancer research. However, acquired resistance of primary cancer cells, unsatisfactory outcome of clinical trials and recent studies arguing that TRAIL might under specific conditions promote cancer progression, opened new plethora of questions, which need to be addressed. Though both receptors DR4 and DR5 are ubiquitously expressed, different types of tumours show preference for either of the receptors. The relative participation of DR4 and DR5 in TRAIL- induced signalling is still largely unknown. To analyse TRAIL receptor-specific signalling, I prepared Strep-tagged, trimerised variants of recombinant human TRAIL ligands with high affinity for either DR4 or DR5 receptor. Using these receptor-specific ligands, I examined a contribution of individual pro-apoptotic receptors to TRAIL-induced signalling pathways. I found that in TRAIL resistant colorectal HT-29 cells but not in pancreatic PANC-1 cancer cells, DISC formation and initial caspase-8 processing proceeded comparably in both DR4- and...
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Canonical and non-canonical signalling triggered by activated TRAIL receptors in human cells
Nahácka, Zuzana ; Anděra, Ladislav (advisor) ; Rudolf, Emil (referee) ; Vondráček, Jan (referee)
TRAIL ligand can trigger apoptosis of permissive human cells via engagement of its two pro- apoptotic receptors TRAIL-R1 (DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5). Its ability to induce apoptosis independently on p53 status and to selectively kill cancer cells in vitro and in vivo made this ligand an attractive target in cancer research. However, acquired resistance of primary cancer cells, unsatisfactory outcome of clinical trials and recent studies arguing that TRAIL might under specific conditions promote cancer progression, opened new plethora of questions, which need to be addressed. Though both receptors DR4 and DR5 are ubiquitously expressed, different types of tumours show preference for either of the receptors. The relative participation of DR4 and DR5 in TRAIL- induced signalling is still largely unknown. To analyse TRAIL receptor-specific signalling, I prepared Strep-tagged, trimerised variants of recombinant human TRAIL ligands with high affinity for either DR4 or DR5 receptor. Using these receptor-specific ligands, I examined a contribution of individual pro-apoptotic receptors to TRAIL-induced signalling pathways. I found that in TRAIL resistant colorectal HT-29 cells but not in pancreatic PANC-1 cancer cells, DISC formation and initial caspase-8 processing proceeded comparably in both DR4- and...
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The Map for MTB in the southwest area of Prague
Mátl, Jiří ; Šafránek, Jiří (advisor) ; Brtník, Tomáš (referee)
Title: The Map for MTB in the southwest area of Prague Author: Ing. Jiří Mátl Thesis Supervisor: PaedDr. Jiří Šafránek, Ph.D. Objectives: The aim of this work is to find out options for mountain biking in the southwest area of Prague. Opportunities, which is possible ride a bike, usability existing marked trails, create a map with particular selected locations, their evaluation and create another map with a circular route with two crossings in that area. Methods: In our thesis we used to get information about options of mountain biking in the southwest area of Prague which was done using research from available sources and proper field research. Results: The aim of the thesis is maps with areas and routes with their user description for MTB. Keywords: MTB, Trail, Southwest of Prague.
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Table as an image - a specific space for recording and communicating in fine arts and art education
Pešlová, Radmila ; Velíšek, Martin (advisor) ; Čech, Viktor (referee)
Pešlová, R .: Table as an image - a specific space for recording and communicating in fine arts and art education (Dissertation) Prague 2015, Charles University, Faculty of Education, Art Education Department, 100 s. The thesis contains a table as a specific space, which connotes different meanings in the context of contemporary events. The theoretical part refers thus to the social relations, which are part of both public and private - family space in which a table plays its essential role. Not only as a subject form of everyday life, which is linked to a personal experience, but also as a form of symbolic expression. A table is kind of bearer of communication, message. This will be supported not only via etymological and sociological analysis, but also by the analysis of selected works of art. It is a way to inspect this phenomenon in the aforementioned context. The aim of this study is to show - through fine arts, historical and sociological relations - the view of a table as a continuously interconnected complex, through which it is possible to better realize some family ties and social events, including contemporary needs and priorities.. This view has become the basis and inspiration for the own creative work and a subsequent didactic concept. The artwork is focused on the areas of a family...
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Proteomics as a tool for understanding molecular mechanisms of human diseases
Pospíšilová, Jana ; Petrák, Jiří (advisor) ; Šulc, Miroslav (referee) ; Kovářová, Hana (referee)
Proteomics is a set of analytical methods which enable qualitative and quantitative characterization of the proteome. Expression proteomics quantitatively compares proteomes of cells, tissues, body fluids or other biological materials to find differencies in protein expression and, based on these differencies, to describe the biological processes occuring in investigated organisms. An initial material for expression proteomic studies are complex mixtures containing thousands of proteins, which are analyzed using separation (electrophoretic and chromatographic) methods, and identified, possibly quantified using mass spectrometry. The aim of this Thesis is to demonstrate the application of the tools of expression proteomics in solving diverse challenges in biomedicine. We employed various proteomic approaches and tools for studying molecular mechanisms of human diseases using pacient biological samples, or a model organism and a cell culture. We were conducting three different research projects, namely: A quest for potencial molecular targets for selective elimination of TRAIL-resistant mantle cell lymphoma cells; Investigation of molecular mechanisms of heart failure using a rat model of the disease induced by volume overload; and Searching for diagnostically usable serum biomarkers of ovarian...
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Proteomics as a tool for understanding molecular mechanisms of human diseases
Pospíšilová, Jana
Proteomics is a set of analytical methods which enable qualitative and quantitative characterization of the proteome. Expression proteomics quantitatively compares proteomes of cells, tissues, body fluids or other biological materials to find differencies in protein expression and, based on these differencies, to describe the biological processes occuring in investigated organisms. An initial material for expression proteomic studies are complex mixtures containing thousands of proteins, which are analyzed using separation (electrophoretic and chromatographic) methods, and identified, possibly quantified using mass spectrometry. The aim of this Thesis is to demonstrate the application of the tools of expression proteomics in solving diverse challenges in biomedicine. We employed various proteomic approaches and tools for studying molecular mechanisms of human diseases using pacient biological samples, or a model organism and a cell culture. We were conducting three different research projects, namely: A quest for potencial molecular targets for selective elimination of TRAIL-resistant mantle cell lymphoma cells; Investigation of molecular mechanisms of heart failure using a rat model of the disease induced by volume overload; and Searching for diagnostically usable serum biomarkers of ovarian...
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