|
|
Influence of temporomandibular dysfunction on head position
Veselá, Nikola ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
Dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint appears to varying extents, depending on the chosen criteria, in at least half of the world's population. Altered afferentation from the orofacial area (for example due to dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint) can, according to research, have an effect on the position of the head, cervical spine and postural stability. However, the issue of the influence of temporomandibular dysfunction on head position or postural stability is still not sufficiently explored and conflicting opinions appear in the literature. The aim of this thesis is to reveal the correlation between dysfunction in the temporomandibular region and changes in postural stability, head position and subjective visual vertical. In the theoretical part, the current knowledge of the influence of the temporomandibular region on the surrounding structures and body posture will be presented using research. The aim of the practical part will be to investigate to what extent and in what time modulated afferentation from the orofacial area will affect the posture, head position and possibly also the subjective perception of the vertical. Measurements will take place on a stabilometric platform, using the Bucket method and further using QR codes and a computer program. The results will be...
|
|
|
Subjective visual vertical in patient with BPPV
Svobodová, Klára ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
The perception of verticality may be affected by a disorder of the vestibular system. One of the causes of vestibular system pathology is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Our study investigates the changes in the perception of verticality in patients with BPPV compared to the healthy population. Therapeutic positional maneuvers are used to treat BPPV. Using the positional maneuver, the otoconia are relocated from the semicircular canals back to the utricle. This thesis investigates the effect of therapeutic maneuver on the change in the perception of verticality. The theoretical part discusses the perception of verticality, types of verticality, pathology in the perception of verticality and the possibilities of its measurement. Most of the focus is on the description of subjective visual verticality (SVV). It also describes the vestibular system and discusses the BPPV. In the practical part, a set of ten patients and a control group are presented. Using statistical data processing, the result is to answer the hypotheses whether there is a difference in the perception of verticality between patients with BPPV and healthy subjects. It also addresses the question of whether the therapeutic maneuver will affect the perception of verticality in patients with BPPV. Verticality was measured...
|
|
|
Otolithic system disorders in patients with positional vertigo.
Jendrichovská, Lucia ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
One of the functions of the equilibrium system is to detect direction and action of the gravitional vector. The dysfunction of the equilibrium system is expressed by a change in the perception of the vertical axis. The aim of this work is to evaluate the function of the otolithic system by examining the subjective visual vertical (SVV) in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). The theoretical part of the study deals with the anatomy and physiology of the inner ear, with focus on the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, evaluation and treatment of BPPV. Practical part of the study examined 5 patients who were diagnosed with BPPV. All patients had objective examination of the SVV by digital device. The optokinematic rotation of the enviroment in static and dynamic contidtions were monitored. After examination and input data recording, treatment was performed with an Epley repositioning maneuver. Re-evaluation of the SVV values were performed immediately after treatment maneuver. Measurements after the repositioning maneuver confirmed improvement of the SVV values in all subjects with BPPV.
|
|
|
Vestibular Function in Cochlear Implant Patients
Matějková, Michaela ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Koutná, Sára (referee)
Hearing loss is the most common sensory impairment. More than 5 % of the world's population suffers from disabling hearing loss, which affects approximately one third of people over the age of 65. In those cases where hearing aids are not a sufficient solution to these difficulties, cochlear implantation is the standard treatment. It replaces, at least in part, the function of the hair cells that are no longer able to stimulate the primary auditory neurons. However, there are concerns about the potential risk of impaired vestibular function and the development or worsening of non-vestibular problems such as tinnitus, vertigo and orofacial disorders. Aims: To provide a theoretical summary of fundamental information on the vestibular system and cochlear implantation and to assess vestibular and non-vestibular function after cochlear implantation and the impact of any abnormalities on patients' quality of life. Methods: All of the participants underwent subjective visual vertical examination, platform posturography and completed five questionnaires - Dizziness Handicap Inventory, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, Facial Disability Index, Beck's Anxiety Inventory and Beck's Depression Inventory. Overall and partial results from platform posturography examinations were compared with a control group of...
|
|
|
Perception of subjective visual vertical
Radvanská, Edita ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kučerová, Klára (referee)
Postural balance system is a multisensory-organized complex using afference of exteroceptors, enteroceptors, proprioceptors and the visual and the vestibular system. The utriculus and the sacculus are otolith organs placed in the vestibular labyrinth and they are capable of recognizing the direction of gravity. Their function is crucial for keeping postural stability during stand and walk. The ability to recognize the geophysical vertical is failing if the vestibular system is impaired. There are the subjective visual vertical (SVV), the subjective postural vertical (SPV) and the subjective haptic vertical (SHV) which can be tested in humans. This study is interested in SVV, its pathophysiology and measuring. We are comparing the accuracy of measurement of SVV by the Bucket method and a mobile application Visual Vertical in healthy subjects in our experiment.
|
|
|
The evaluation of vestibulospinal and vestibuloocular reflex in patients during early postoperative period after vestibular schwannoma resection
Markvartová, Anna ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Chovanec, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with the issues of balance disorders in patients after vestibular schwannoma surgery. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the effect of targeted rehabilitation with biofeedback on balance disorders and subjective visual vertical compensation. During the period of one year, a group of 20 vestibular schwannoma patients were examined and treated in University Hospital Motol. The compensation of vestbuloocular refex was assessed by a tilt of subjective visual vertical. The level of vestibulospinal compensation was determined according to score of the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale. Patients were examined before the surgery, after the surgery and after the rehabilitation. The Homebalance system, developed by Support center for application outputs and spin-off companies at the 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, branch office in Kladno, was used for the therapy with visual biofeedback. Another aim of this thesis was to monitor the effect of vestibular prehabituation with ototoxic gentamicin application two months before surgery. The statistical analysis of data proved in the case of subjective visual vertical tilt a significant increase of deviation after surgery and a decrease after rehabilitation. According to the ABC questionnaire the confidence of...
|
|
|
Changes in perception of subjective vertical in cerebrovascular accident patients
Kříž, Petr ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Bitnar, Petr (referee)
Cerebro-vascular accident often affects parts of brain responsible for spatial orientation. Optimal integration of afference from visual, somatosensory and vestibular system is necessary for maintaining balance and often in the end for the functional indepencence of the patient. Examination of subjective vertical is a sensitive signifier for spatial orientation and the ability to discern graviception. By using clinical examination of subjective visual vertical it is possible to objectify and quantify graviception disorder excluding visual context. Current level of understanding in this field is briefly summarized in theoretical part of this study. In practical part subjective visual vertical examination by bucket-method was for statistically comparison of 29 patients after a cerebro- vascular accident with 34 healthy seniors. Hypotheses about the influence of a side of a lesion and a time elapsed since the lesions were also tested. The study concludes that the perception of verticality in patients after cerebro- vascular accident can be severely affected. Additionally, the study highlights the reliability of examination of patients after cerebro-vascular accident using clinically practical bucket-method.
|
|
| |
|
|
Evaluation of head position - children with idiopathic scoliosis
Dvořáčková, Štěpánka ; Kučerová, Klára (advisor) ; Šafářová, Marcela (referee)
Idiopathic scolios (IS) is one of the most common structural spinal deformities. Patients with idiopathic scoliosis have altered posture due to scoliosis. The aim od the study was to evaluate the position of the head in children with IS and to compare the results with a control group of healthy children. The position of the head was evaluated by the method of kinematic analysis from digital photographs, where we compared the coronal head tilt and the coronal shoulder angle between the two groups. Furthermore, the measurement of the subjective visual vertical was pearformed using Bucekt metod. Both of these measurements were performed in 10 children with IS (age 12,2 ± 2,4, mean ± SD; Cobb angle 14,9˚ ± 8,8˚ SD) and the group od 10 healthy children (age 13,9 ± 2,5). Based on these measurements, we evaluated three hypotheses. We came to the conclusion that both groups have comparable average deviations from the central position of the head and shoulders, but in the group with IS there was higher variance of values. In the group with IS, in seven patients the sides of the SVV tilt and the head tilt do not match.
|
|
|
Impact of cochlear implant on vestibular function in adult patients
Ištoková, Lucie ; Kučerová, Klára (advisor) ; Čakrt, Ondřej (referee)
Bibliographic identification IŠTOKOVÁ, Lucie. The influence of cochlear implant on vestibular function in adult patients. Prague: Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2020. 58 p., Appendices. Thesis supervisor Mgr. Klára Kučerová. Abstract Severe hearing loss is standardly treated by cochlear implantation. Considering the anatomical proximity and interconnection to the vestibulocochlear nerve, it is possible to influence vestibular functions. The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the effect of unilateral cochlear implantation on postural stability and vestibular function in adult patients with severe hearing loss caused postlingually. Eleven patients aged 28-72 were examined the day before surgery, the day after surgery, and on average 25 days after surgery. The evaluation consisted of short-form Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), Timed Up and Go testing (TUG), static stabilometry and the perception of the subjective visual vertical (SVV) static and dynamic. Significant deterioration of TUG and SVV was recorded particularly immediately after surgery. In dynamic SVV, especially, when the field of view rotated to the left. Considerable results in stabilometry were only when standing on a hard surface with eyes closed. Improvements in TUG, SVV...
|
guest ::
