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Social Costs and Benefits of Czech Beer Industry - Optimal Taxation
Lajksnerová, Zuzana ; Janda, Karel (advisor) ; Macek, Petr (referee)
Zuzana Lajksnerová, 2013/2014 Social Costs and Benfits of Czech Beer Industry - Optimal Taxation Abstract This thesis analyzes the Czech brewing industry by describing its structure, recent development, and social and economic impacts on the society as a whole. The aim is to empirically estimate the optimal level of beer tax, which would balance both social costs and benefits of beer production. For this purpose, we use a model determined by both externality corrections and fiscal considerations as the tax increase is assumed to immediately change other governmental policies such as labor taxation or medical expenditures. The results of our analysis show that under most of the sets of parameters, the current tax rate on beer is under its optimal level and that the fiscal component has a significant impact on the optimal level of tax.
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The Economic Efficiency of House Arrest
Michailidis, Simon ; Babin, Jan (advisor) ; Rod, Aleš (referee)
The main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to determine whether house arrest is more economically efficient than imprisonment. House arrest was first evaluated in terms of the impact on public budgets, followed by an assessment of its overall economic efficiency. For the purposes of the analysis, the cost function of the Prison Service was estimated using the high-low method. This function made it possible to determine potential savings in the Prison Service by replacing one imprisonment with house arrest. The costs of house arrest using electronic monitoring and random checks were then calculated. The costs and potential savings are similar in amount, although significant savings in public funds by replacing imprisonment with house arrest was not demonstrated. For evaluating the overall economic efficiency, both the previous cost analyses and the conclusions of the modern economics of crime were used. In this context, house arrest is clearly more cost-efficient than imprisonment. This fact has been confirmed by the frequent use of house arrest abroad.
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Economic, legislative and social impacts of gamble gaming and bets in the Czech Republic
Tausch, Michal ; Peková, Jitka (advisor) ; Lechner, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis analyzes gamble gaming, bets and lottery in the Czech Republic. Historic context of hazzard and view of economic theory and the game theory is described in details. This thesis deals with the economic, social and legislative impacts of gamble gaming and bets. Current changes and issues are analyzed in depth, there are also views of the particular subjects included within this analyze. The thesis proves via argumentation the inadequacy of the current legislative framework in the field of gambling and predicts what possible consequences the extensive legislative changes may bring. The Thesis studies the approach of former works dealing with the subject and methods of hazzard social expenses quantification. Current environment of gambling is analyzed on the country level as well as on the municipal level (As an example town Třešť and Jihlava were chosen).
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Economic evaluation of the current revitalization of watercourses in urban areas, with emphasis on the concept of ecosystem services
Paseka, Petr ; Zajíček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Macháč, Jan (referee)
This thesis examines the impact of the concept of ecosystem services in the evaluation of the social costs and benefits of urban watercourse revitalization. Its possible use is shown on the specific selected project. The theoretical part explains the economic substance of ecosystem services, defines related terms, introduces different approaches of various economic schools to the concept and describes its historical development. The practical part then quantifies the net social benefits and costs of the selected project using cost- benefit analysis extended by the concept of ecosystem services. In the conclusion, the objective indicators are calculated and analysed in order to identify the strengths and weeknesses of using the concept of ecosystem services.
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The analysis of government measures in the road safety and economic impacts caused by traffic accidents in years 2009 - 2014 in Czech republic
Šurýn, Dominik ; Štípek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Lukášová, Tereza (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of the road safety since 2009 till 2014 in the Czech Republic and especially from the perspective of executed government measures and the economic damage caused by traffic accidents. The theoretical part is characterized by factors, institutions and strategies affecting road safety. Further it is analyzed the method of calculating economic losses from road accidents. The practical part contains the evaluation of the development of the road safety from the perspective of faults, types and consequences of accidents. Following the previous chapter the next part of the thesis identifies what government measures help to improve road safety and what measures on the contrary are ineffective. Afterwards, it is calculated production losses, social costs and total economic losses from road accidents in 2014, that helps to understand the meaning of the research questions. The benefit of the work is to evaluate the development of the road safety, government measures and economic impacts in this period and to detail the quantification of economic losses, which affect a large rate of the state budget.
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The costs and benefits of slot machines regulation for municipalities.
Kaisner, Jakub ; Dušek, Libor (advisor) ; Běláčková, Vendula (referee)
Gambling is a complicated topic not only because of its addictive features but it requires knowledge of medical, social and economic field. The current public discussion about new gambling law is moreover disturbed by false arguments and manipulations coming from activists. In the first part of this thesis I focused on paper (PCP, 2014): Socio-economic costs of gambling in Czech Republic, which is considered to be a cornerstone of new gambling law. I reviewed its way of data transfering and its presumptions and found out that the original amount of the costs were overvalued by 120 %. I also analysed the impacts of proposed measures, which have been prepared by the Treasury, the main regulator of gambling market. Measures are presented as harm reducing, but they will subvert the industry instead. In the third section I consider the threats and costs of electronic gaming machines prohibition, which had been introduced in some municipalities. The data analysis as well as field research did not validate the positive effects of EGM ban presented by anti-gambling activists. In final chapter I'm following less common approach to gambling not as a threat but as an opportunity and trying to evaluate the potential of gamblers from Germany and Austria, who are the frequent visitors of casinos at the czech side of the borders.
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Taxation of spirits in the Czech Republic and in the world
Dufek, Jakub ; Slintáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Kozubíková, Pavlína (referee)
Diploma thesis "Taxation of spirits in the Czech Republic and in the world" is focused on taxation of this comodity, legislative regulation and description of effects on society. This work is divided into four main chapters. The first two of them describe laws related to taxation of sprits. The main purpose of this section is to focus on the law of the Czech Republic and also on the regulation of the European Union, because the EU regulation has high influence on our country. Apart from those parts this section also contains history of excise duties in our country.The second chapter is oriented on tax and economy theories of excises. After that follows the second half of the work, where I am aiming on costs and revenues in relation with spirits (alcohol in general). The third chapter will describe the method of calculation of costs arising from consumption of alcoholic beverages based on standards of World Health Organisation. At the end of this section social costs concerning consumption of alcohol will be quantified and also compared on international basis. The last chapter will be about revenues from spirits excise duty and I will focus on significance of this tax in the Czech Republic and other OECD countries, tax rates of spirits and in conclusion I am going to find out, if a relation between tax rate size and amount of revenues from spirits excise exists.
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Could we blame our friends for all the bad habits? What affects the excessive consumption of alcohol, smoking, drugs and risky sex
Urbánek, Jakub ; Misic, Viktorija (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Michaela (referee)
The aim is to answer a few hypotheses related to the consumption of risky goods - alcohol, smoking, drugs - and risky sex by students of 1st and 3rd grades of three different secondary schools. The theoretical part of the text is a description of earlier contributions to this theme. It creates the basis on which the hypotheses are constructed, describing all aspects with directly or indirectly impacts decisions making process of the rate of risky consumption. In practical part I'm testing hypothesis using data from a questionnaire survey. I will try to identify the effects of the "influence of others" on individual consumption in the class. I'll find out that in classrooms where there is a so called "villain" the average consumption of risky goods greatly increase and vice versa, in classes with so called "goody-goody", average consumption of those goods decreases.
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The Economics of Drug Prohibition
Řepík, Martin ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Bolcha, Peter (referee)
Abstract The Prohibition represents a worldwide approach to drug trafficking and using, that are generally judged as evil, to which it is necessary to face. Although the drugs like alcohol or tobacco are legal and ordinary part of social life, a range of substances available on free market at the beginning of 20th Century became outlawed. In an effort to eliminate illegal drugs there was declared war on their production, distribution and consumtion in order to protect citizens, public health and to minimize social costs. The aim of this paper is to examine whether the drug prohibition is able to achieve its goals, to analyze its effects and real causes for negative impacts of drugs to society and to find who in fact the drug policy bring the benefits to.
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