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Importance of United Nations Security Council and binding effect of resolutions in maintenance of international peace and security
Urbanová, Petra ; Ondřej, Jan (advisor) ; Balaš, Vladimír (referee)
- Importance of United Nations Security Council and binding effect of resolutions in maintenance of international peace and security This paper depicts the history previous to creation and the creation itself of UN and the Security Council, followed by chapter devoted to the permanent and non- permanent members of the Council with subchapter about reform proposals in terms of its composition. Then there is detailed description of functions and powers of the Security Council, including also a topic relating to the Council's period of paralysis. In the chapter on voting procedure there is stressed the crucial issue of distinguishing procedural and non-procedural resolutions with talking about veto power as well. The final chapter is devoted to the decisions of the Security Council with focus on resolutions and their binding effect.
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The Role of the Secretary General in the United Nations
Ouzká, Tereza ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Faix, Martin (referee)
The goal of this Thesis entitled The Role of the Secretary General in the United Nations is to respond to the following questions: What is the role of the Secretary-General in the United Nations and how did the position change due to historical circumstances. The Thesis opens with a chapter dealing with the evolution from the League of Nations to the United Nations focusing on the role of the Secretary General. The next Chapter concentrates on the competences of the Secretary-General in relation to the other UN bodies. The third Chapter analyzes reforms proposed by several of the Secretaries General. The essay also discusses the diplomatic role of the Secretary General in the international environment and his/her relationship with non-governmental parties and the private sector. The text proposes examples illustrating successes and failures of the Secretaries General in specific situations. The Thesis also focuses on expanding of competences of the Secretary General achieved by individual representatives of this function. The text demonstrates that the Secretary General plays an important role in today's globalized society despite the fact that this position is often marginalized by the other UN bodies.
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The legal nature and research of resolutions of the UN Security Council under Chapter VII of the UN Charter
Vneková, Monika ; Šturma, Pavel (advisor) ; Faix, Martin (referee)
The United Nations Security Council is primarily responsible for maintenance of international peace and security according to the Charter of the United Nations. To achieve this goal, it is authorized to adopt resolutions binding on member states under Chapter VII of the Charter. Considering the character of situations to which the Security council responds through its Chapter VII resolutions, this legal instrument often stirs emotions among the general public. But what does the law itself say about the Chapter VII resolutions? What is their legal nature and value in the field of public international law? This thesis provides an analysis of the Chapter VII resolutions, offers a definition of a Chapter VII resolution and analyzes some specific resolutions by which the Security Council acted more as a quasi-judicial or a quasi-legislative body. Through analysis of content limits of the Security Council powers, the thesis endeavors to confirm that binding nature of the Chapter VII resolutions as well as an obligation of member states to give effect to those resolutions do have its boundaries; and despite the special role of the Security Council in the field of public international law, its Chapter VII resolutions cannot have unlimited content. First of all, the resolutions cannot be in conflict with...
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Implementation of the mandate of the UNPROFOR mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992-1995
Lalić, Jan ; Tejchman, Miroslav (advisor) ; Pikal, Kamil (referee)
The unwillingness of the international community to become involved militarily in Bosnian civil war between 1992-1995, made the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) a substitute for a decisive action. The absence of any foreseeable prospect of truce, which would have been supported by the presence of peacekeepers, led to the establishment of strictly humanitarian mandate for UN troops in the first phase of the war. They were supposed, in cooperation with the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees (UNHCR), to secure functioning of the Sarajevo airport for humanitarian relief purposes and subsequently provide security for the UNHCR and its convoys providing humanitarian relief. Thesis "Implementation of the mandate of the UNPROFOR mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992-1995" deals with issues concerning humanitarian mandate in particular. This thesis aims to explain, through descriptive analysis, motives leading international community to deploy lightely armed peacekeeprs with uncharacteristic mandate to the region, which is absolutely inadequate for peacekeeping operations as I will show. It will subsequently analyze course of the implementation and problems, which were encountered by UN troops. The aim of this thesis is to prove, that UNPROFOR was not absolute failure as it is perceived,...
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Reasons for U.S. veto in the United Nations Security Council on behalf of Israel, 1972-1997
Hlaváčová, Lenka ; Přikryl, Pavel (advisor) ; Halás, Matúš (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to define the reasons of the U.S veto on behalf of Israel in the United Nations Security Council through analysis of the drafted resolutions. Author presents the resolutions vetoed by the U.S. on Israel in 1972-1997. The analysis focuses on four fields: who proposes the resoltutions, what is the subject of the resotutions, what language is used in the resultions, and what is the stance of the U.S. Representative to UN. Author states that the sponsors of the resolutions aren't relevant for the U.S. decision-making. Author rather supports the opinion that the language used and the intention to solve the Arab-Israeli Conflict by the UN SC are most probably the reasons for the U.S veto. The unbalancedness of the resoltuions (in the U.S. Understanding) is also one of the causes of the veto. U.S is refusing to condemn Israel in UN SC resolutions and it is trying to have the Arab-Israeli conflict solved by the parties involved and not by the third party who would impose the conditions of the settlement.
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Reform of the United Nations Security Council
Křesinová, Dominika ; Rolenc, Jan Martin (advisor) ; Lehmannová, Zuzana (referee)
The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945. It is obvious that the status quo from that year cannot reflect the needs of present world. Because of this fact it is necessary to approach a reform. But the question is what the reform should deal with. There are plenty of reforming efforts in discussion. These proposals do not take into consideration only the reform of the Security Council but also other bodies within United Nations. In my thesis I will focus only on reforming the Security Council as a main body of the whole organization that should be able to react on security threats flexibly. The feasibility of UN reform depends on the agreement of the permanent members that can due to their veto right block any of the proposals. And for the time being, they use their privilege to do so because they are afraid of limitations of their rights and position. We cannot come up only with a clear proposal how to reform but also it is necessary to focus on the proper arguments why the permanent members should agree with the reform. The main target of the following master thesis is to find out whether the reform is feasible based on accessible information with respect to hindrances and positions of permanent members that are currently more passive than active.
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Pohľad Spolkovej republiky Nemecko na reformáciu Organizácie Spojených národov
Pláteníková, Soňa ; Dubský, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Eichler, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims to clarify the role of the Federal Republic of Germany in the process of reforming the United Nations. It is divided into two main parts, first of them describing the reform measures proposed in the report High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change: More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility, and the second analyzing Germany's policy towards them. In the analysis of Germany's perspective, the alignment of its policies with the High-level Panel as well as the support or opposition from other UN Member States is examined. The structure remains the same throughout the two parts, with each subchapter focusing on a specific UN body and the addition of the UN Charter.
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The role of the United Nations in resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
Knížová, Jana ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Novotná, Yvona (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the role of the United Nations Organization in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It describes the positions of both the State of Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization in the United Nations. The thesis furthermore assesses reactivity and objectiveness of UN in this conflict. There are no doubts that the conflict has always been in the centre of interest of the United Nations. However, the importance of UN is perceived to be decreasing since the 70's. This paper evaluates whether UN is still contributing to the resolution of the conflict and if yes, in what particular fields. In the first chapter I discuss the main conflict resolution instruments available to UN. The second chapter describes the origins and the course of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict throughout the 20th century leading to the current situation. The last three chapters present an analysis of three levels of UN activities in the conflict - political, security and humanitarian.
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Reform of the Security Council: Global governance and representation
Pajgrt, Adam ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
This work deals with the striking gap between the goals set by the UN and its actual activity. It discusses the obstacles especially in the way of solving conflicts within one state. It stresses the need for a change in the decision making proces within the council as well as in the representation of the council, which should consequently lead to a change in the UN Charter. This change is necessary in order to address the conflict between human right and state sovereignty.
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