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Issues of lung CT screening for smokers
POKORNÁ, Miroslava
The communication deals with the evaluation of the benefits of the Pilot Programme "CT screening of smokers' lungs". The objectives and methodology include a theoretical study of the anatomy of the airways and the emerging issues of lung cancer, smoking dependence, low dose CT chest scanning techniques, National Radiological Standards and the issues of the target group of smokers and their involvement in investigation and treatment at specialist centres. The research was conducted through a questionnaire survey of 50 smokers (total 25 questions) and 41 physicians (total 18 questions). As a result, it was found that smokers' patients' awareness of the program is not sufficient, mainly due to their lack of interest in CT scanning and treatment options for the consequences of smoking and their unwillingness to actively cooperate with health professionals in their health care, including their refusal to give up the smoking habit. The outcome of the survey of physicians is good awareness and commitment to the implementation of the Pilot Programme, but they are limited in numbers and workload. The survey shows that the Pilot Programme is beneficial to the population. Therefore, it could prospectively be implemented by a larger number of health facilities in our country as part of a screening programme and thus contribute to improving the health status of the population. It was also found that the Hospital Jindřichův Hradec a.s. meets the requirements and could be included in the Pilot Programme.
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The role of the radiology assistant at operating rooms
KLEMENT, Jan
This bachelor thesis deals with work of radiology assistant in different operating theatres in Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. History and the invention of X-ray radiation is summarised in theoretical part. Individual mobile C arms used in operating theatres are described here. Starting with construction, movement to skiassopic modes in which they can operate. A short description of operating theatres in which radiology assistant can work are described here as well. It is Accident and plastic surgery (hereinafter referred to as Traumatology), Neurosurgery, Orthopedic and Urology department. Radiation protection which is very important in protecting personnel from ionising radiation is summarised in the last part. The aim of the thesis was to describe the role of radiology assistant in chosen operating theatres of Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. This aim was fulfilled in practical part where procedures of radiology assistant during chosen operations were described. Practical part also includes individual analysis of number and types of most carried out procedures under skiassopic control in the year 2021 from chosen departments. And statistical comparison of increase of operating procedures carried out under skiassopic control in a period of five years. All according to increase of number of new types of operation procedures. The thesis in itself should, from my point of view, be used as an educational text mainly for students and future radiology assistants who will carry out work in operating theatre.
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The classical and quantum applications of X-ray imaging methods
FIKSLOVÁ, Anežka
The topic of the bachelor's thesis is responding to the finding that there is no simple educational text which is dealing with the topic of X-ray imaging methods that is unifying applications of classical and quantum physic and X-ray theory structure currently. The purpose of this bachelor's thesis is to create a theoretical base that is summarizing knowledge of classical and quantum physic applications of X-ray imaging methods based on the application of the theory of curricular process. There are no studying materials in the Czech Republic suitable for radiological assistants which are unifying substantial basics of classical and quantum physic with basics of imaging in the radiodiagnostics. There were set following goals on the basis of the analysis of the current situation: G1 To describe applications of classical and quantum X-ray imaging methods and assess whether there is some preference for classical aspects of those imaging methods. G2 To assemble an educational text and test. There should be put emphasis on the application of classical X-ray imaging methods. The results of the test are going to be statistically processed and the knowledge of the students is going to be judged. Based on the goals, three following explanatory hypotheses were made: H1 The application of classical X-ray imaging methods can be described by comparison of the structure of the barking X-ray radiation and the structure of the classical physic. H2 The application of quantum X-ray imaging methods can be described by comparison of the structure of quantum physic and the structure of characteristic X-ray radiation. H3 The knowledge of respondents is going to follow a curve of a normal distribution. As the main theory was chosen the theory of curricular process which should ensure transmission of knowledge from the scientific system to the educational system. By the description of X-ray imaging methods from the perspective of its own classical and quantum basis was filled the first goal. On the basis of comparative analysis were accepted the first and the second theses. By application theory of curricular process was created educational text of some selected knowledge about X-ray radiation. On the basis of this text, the test for respondents was made. By using descriptive and mathematical statistics was made statistical research and its results are mentioned in the application part. That can be considered as filling the second goal of this thesis. On the basis of nonparametric testing was found that the knowledge of respondents is following Gaussian distribution. That is why the suitability of the educational text was confirmed and the third thesis was filled. The results of this thesis show that this educational text can be used for the education of radiological assistants students.
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Sources and interactions of ionizing radiation in nuclear medicine for radiology assistants
PRCHALOVÁ, Anna
Currently, there is not available educational text on the subject of sources and interactions of ionizing radiation in nuclear medicine that would be adequate to the physics knowledge of students in the field of Radiologic Assistant and other related disciplines. In this thesis, there was an attempt to create a comprehensive educational text on the basis of the application of curricular process theory, which discusses the radionuclide diagnostics and therapy for radiologic assistants and other related disciplines on the basis of an analysis of the current state of scientific knowledge in the examined area. The chosen topic is described in the theoretical part of this thesis and it was adjusted for the selected group of respondents in a form of the educational text. The intelligibility of educational text was verified by the statistic research using a questionnaire survey that respects the educational text and it was presented to the students in the field of Radiological Assistant.
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Physics problems for radiology assistants
KOVÁŘ, Jan
The thesis was examining an opportunity to apply the curriculum process theorem in the matter of general and radiology physics and their problems' expression. The first objective is to create an educational text which would elucidate an indispensable theory for radiology assistant. The educational text is to involve problem expressions of needful physical fields. The second objective was to implement the curriculum process as a quiz and so to evaluate the familiarity among the professionals in the field. Furthermore, three hypotheses were formed. The first hypothesis presumed it is possible by applying the curriculum process to delimit the collection of physics problems that will be tailored to the needs and facilities of radiology assistants. The second hypothesis was divided into two subparts: A) By comparison of a physics structure and compounds of a radiology assistant profile it is possible to process a collection of problems dedicated to general physics. B) By comparison of a physics structure and compounds of a radiology assistant profile it is possible to process the collection of problems dedicated to radiology physics. The third formed hypothesis presumed the familiarity among responders regarding the field will resemble of normal distribution. By comparing the conceptual curriculum of physics and radiology, an educational text was created, which contained exemplary statements of general and radiological physics in relation to the components of the profile of the radiological assistant. By creating the text and defining example statements, the first goal of the work was fulfilled, and the first two hypotheses were accepted. Another application of the curricular process was to compile a test, the questions of which were based on the content of the educational text. Descriptive and mathematical statistics were used to appraise the research observing the test results. The outcome of the research acknowledged the third hypothesis. The second objective was reached by the test implementation. As a certain standardisation the second, previously used test was handed to the responders concomitantly to the first test. Via a parametric test the link between both tests results was confirmed. Following correlation analysis established the strong positive correlation. The results of the bachelor's thesis show that the created educational text together with a set of example statements can be effectively used to prepare students for the profession of radiological assistant.
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Technical bases of thermography for radiologists.
SOSNA, Filip
The bachelor thesis solved the technical fundamentals of thermography using the curriculum process. The bachelor thesis has investigated the problem in the following way: Goal 1: Perform a system analysis of the technical bases of thermography and adapt the results to the capabilities of radiological assistants - Goal 1 was accomplished by performing a system analysis of the structural levels of the technical bases of thermography. Goal 2: Perform a comparative analysis of the technical bases of thermography abroad and in the Czech Republic - Goal 2 was met by comparison between America, Asia and Europe and the Czech Republic (with an unsuccessful result for the Czech Republic). Goal 3: To transform the results of system analysis, adapted to the needs and possibilities of future radiological assistants, into educational form - goal 3 was fulfilled on the basis of selected educational theory and its application. Goal 4: Choosing a suitable educational theory to convey knowledge about the technical bases of thermography to radiological assistants - Goal 4 was accomplished by selecting the theory of the curricular process. Hypothesis H1: Educational form of the technical basics of thermography for the examined group of recipients can be created by applying the theory of curricular process - Successful implication of individual variant forms of the curriculum on the research field of technical basics of thermography enabled the hypothesis H1. Hypothesis H2: Knowledge of the recipients of education in the field of technical basics of thermography will have a Gaussian distribution close to the implemented distribution curriculum - Successful application of selected types of theoretical distributions (exponential distribution, normal distribution) to the result of the educational test. The theoretical benefits of the thesis include the design of structural levels of the system of technical basics of thermography. The practical benefits of this thesis include, for example, creating an educational text and a test for the technical basics of thermography. Based on the achieved results, it is also possible to propose follow-up work - eg exploring the possibilities of increasing the use of thermographic imaging methods in the Czech Republic.
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Position of a radiology assistant in the legislation of the Czech Republic and the European Union with a focus on education
MUSILOVÁ, Markéta
This bachelor´s thesis focuses on education in the branch of Radiology assistance. It presents an overall view of establishing radiology assistants´ organisations, various levels of cooperation in this branch and employment in practical training in the Czech Republic as well as in the European Union. This thesis is theoretically - practical. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on gathering and processing all accessible information about the education system of radiology assistance in the Czech Republic, as well as in some selected countries of the EU. It describes history of this branch and its organisations in the Czech Republic from the time of their establishing up to the present day. It gives a brief overview of the legislation related to this profession. The thesis deals with pre-graduate and post-graduate education and compares their level with four European countries, namely Austria, Germany, Italy and Great Britain. It describes the best known radiology assistant associations in the Czech Republic and in the individual EU countries mentioned above; the options of accredited courses and also professional training. It gives an overview of all universities and colleges in the Czech Republic, ECTS (European Credit Transfer System) documents and Diploma supplements. Moreover, the work focuses on the possibility of a study or work connection of European countries via the Erasmus+ programme and others. It includes radiology assistant qualifications and the possibility of their use in the labour market. The practical part presents the results of a research focused on the numbers of students and graduates of universities and colleges providing radiology assistance education and numbers of radiology assistants employed in the Czech Republic. Results of the study will be used for evaluation of the present state of the educational system, or possibly for its improvement. It will also help the radiology assistants-to-be have an easier start of their career.
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Imaging of the gastrointestinal tract - ERCP
HROCHOVÁ, Simona
The bachelor thesis on GIT imaging methods with focus on ERCP deals with diagnostic and therapeutic methods and provides an overview of the individual imaging methods used in diagnostics and therapy. In the practical part, the thesis focuses on the ERCP diagnostic and therapeutic method. Knowledge of anatomy is indispensable for the orientation in this field and for the quality work of radiological assistants and physicians, and therefore the introduction is dedicated to GIT anatomy. Diagnostic procedures, including imaging methods, are described in each individual anatomical area, and the most common diseases affecting the indicated GIT area are listed. The second half of the theoretical part describes the diagnostic and therapeutic imaging methods of the digestive tract with respect to the anatomical area in which the examination is carried out, which fall under the X-ray unit and are performed by radiological assistants and doctors. The practical part is focused on the diagnostic and therapeutic method ERCP and its use at the RTG unit at Thomayerova hospital in the years 2014-18. The work covers the entire course of the examination from the preparation of the patient to the therapeutic procedures. A set of patients is used in terms of the frequency of the examinations carried out in 2014-18. In the individual years, patients are further broken down and analysed based on the decade of birth and gender. The data sets obtained are processed into clear graphs and the use of the method today is evaluated based on the proportion of patients undergoing the examination in the individual years using the date of birth and gender criteria. Specialized books and articles as well as verified internet sources were used to write this bachelor thesis. The results of my work give answers to the research question about the preferences of using the ERCP examination. They reflect the ongoing trend in the use of ERCP in diagnostics and especially in therapy due to the undeniable advantage of the use of therapeutic interventions immediately during the diagnostic examination. The aim of the thesis is to create a general overview and description of the individual methods of GIT examination according to the individual anatomical area with focus and a more detailed description of the ERCP method. An analysis of the data set obtained at the Thomayer Hospital's RTG unit was carried out.
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Knowledge of risks in health care by Faculty of Health and Social Sciences students
BOČAN, David
The diploma thesis deals with the identification of risks which threaten students in the fields of Radiology Assistant, General Nurse and Paramedic. The aim of the thesis is to map the knowledge of risks during providing health care in students of selected fields at the Faculty of Health and Social Studies at the University of South Bohemia. Four hypotheses were set in the thesis. Hypothesis no. 1 saying that there are statistically significant differences in risk knowledge between students of the first and last year of individual fields of health care. Hypothesis no. 2 that there are statistically significant differences in stress perception as a risk-enhancing factor between paramedics and general nurses. Hypothesis no. 3 states that there is a statistically significant difference in the knowledge of the risk of ionizing radiation between radiological assistants and general nurses and hypothesis no. 4 that paramedics will call their future occupation more risky than general nurses. To achieve the objectives and verify the hypotheses, a questionnaire was prepared, a questionnaire survey was conducted and everything was evaluated using graphic and statistical methods. The questionnaire contained 23 questions and the research sample consisted of 105 respondents from the studied fields. The results show that hypothesis no. 1 was confirmed in the fields of Radiology Assistant and Paramedic and rejected by the General Nurse. Hypothesis no. 2 was also confirmed. Hypothesis no. 3 was rejected and hypothesis no. 4 was also rejected. The contribution of the thesis is a complex picture of the knowledge of risks during providing health care in the studied fields. The results can serve the faculty to further more effective teaching.
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Physical bases of thermography for radiotherapists
LÁVIČKA, Šimon
There is currently no educational material for radiological assistants and students in this field to discuss the physical foundations of thermography. In particular, material which is appropriate to the presumed physical and mathematical knowledge required for the field of Radiologic Assistant and other related disciplines. Especially due to the fact that part of the scientific community sees in thermography a promising method for mammologii, rheumatology, orthopedics, angiology and dentistry. This motivation led to the elaboration of this bachelor thesis which set out these following goals: The selection of theory of knowledge transfer to the level of "Radiological Asssistant" and other related fields. The creation of an educational text that respects the chosen theory and reflects the blackbody radiation laws. The monitoring of current state of thermography knowledge in the addressees. There were two hypotheses formulated on the basis of an analysis of the current state and the setting of objectives: The application of theory to the curriculum process can create important components of a project curriculum for a given group of learners. The knowledge of the learners will have a theoretical distribution of the near- normal distribution in the area of physical fundamentals of thermography. As a convenient theory for transferring knowledge from science to the educational sphere has been proved to be the theory of the curricular process. Its applicability was accepted by the international scientific community as well see the impacted publication (Záškodný, 2012). Firstly, it was necessary to remind a generally known relationship of infrared radiation to thermography and than analyze the discovered theoretical physical backgrounds up to date, the most important for thermography also in relation to the radiation of the blackbody. There are also shown and described subsequent physical laws: Stefan-Boltzmann law, Wien displacement law, Rayleigh-Jeansons law and Planck´s radiation law, whereby it is especially necessary to emphasize the relationship of these laws to blackbody radiation whose temperature is between 0 K or -273,15 through the explanation of the emissivity parameter, which is a dimensionless quantity determining the heat emission capability. Its value must be entered in the thermal camera. Subsequently, a knowledge test was created on eighteen questions with a selection of four options, where only one was correct. Twenty-five radiological assistants active in their field at the age of twenty-three to fifty-three, with a length of practice from half a year to thirty-one years, were addressed. The methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics were used in the quantification of the addressees´ knowledge. All twenty-five tests were processed this way. Performing nonparametric testing of the empirical distribution of the scores obtained from these tests revealed that the second of the hypotheses set was not confirmed. The knowledge of the addressees was higher than the hypothetical assumption.
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