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Comparison of ideological and policy definition of Fidesz and PiS
Vait, Martin ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
The subject of this diploma thesis is to examine and compare the ideological and programmatic definition of Fidesz and PiS, their development in time and their current actions and policy-making since forming their single-party governments in 2010 in Hungary and 2015 in Poland, respectively. This work also focuses on the development in both countries during the transformation from communism towards democracy, and sets out to answer what preconditions have formed the demand for populist radical right ideology both in Hungary and Poland. Based on the theory of populist radical right framework, this thesis concludes that, in addition to the negative aspects of political and economic transformation, historical narratives and prejudices against minorities by a significant part of the Hungarian and Polish societies have also played a crucial role in creating a climate for demand for the populist radical right. In the third chapter, this thesis finds a high volatility in the ideological development of both parties, especially in regards to Fidesz, and attributes these considerable ideological and programmatic changes in part to reaction of Fidesz and PiS towards changes in the party system in both Hungary and Poland. However, since 2006 the ideology of both parties has become increasingly consistent with...
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Liberal democracy in the rhetoric of Viktor Orbán
Vait, Martin ; Kubátová, Hana (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The subject of this thesis is to analyze the Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán's rhetoric towards the key elements of liberal democracy defined by Larry Diamond since year 2010. The thesis follows up on previous studies in this area which address the changes in the Hungarian constitutional order and political practice of the past years. It also reacts to the public discussion about the situation in Hungary which is accompanied by criticism of the Hungarian government on the part of international institutions and nongovernmental organizations. The basis for pursuing with this particular topic is Viktor Orbán's stated intention to turn away from the Hungarian state organization built on the principles of liberal democracy. The thesis raises the question in what aspects is Viktor Orbán verbally distancing himself from the elements of liberal democracy. This question is divided into three levels, examining the area of Orbán's intended state organization, Orbán's interpretation of liberal democracy, and, most...
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