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Beyond sectarianism: the dynamics of memory in Northern Irish muralism
Rava, Gabriella ; Řehořová, Irena (advisor) ; Asavei, Maria Alina (referee) ; Kocián, Jiří (referee)
Gabriella Rava- Doctoral Thesis Beyond Sectarianism: the Dynamics of Memory in Northern Irish Muralism Abstract: The present research aims to analyze the famous political murals of Northern Ireland within a renewed frame that moves beyond the theoretical dimension that has dominated the study of mural painting in the province. Proposing the concept of 'muralism', which allows for the adoption of a systematic and unitary perspective on this well-rooted practice, this work investigates its contemporary development through the analysis of some functions/trends underlying it. These are identified as: commodification and heritagization, transnationalism, commemoration, archival impulse and the related digitization and archiving of images of murals. These functions/trends, which encompass muralism both within the realm of material culture and digital practices, fall within a theoretical model that describes muralism as a dynamic system through which the communities of Northern Ireland have embodied and transmitted their own collective memories, especially those of the conflict. It is within this model, which highlights the dynamic nature and (auto)poietic character of muralism as a system of memory, that the aforementioned functions/trends are examined, moving on multiple levels of manifestation. These include...
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Visual Reinterpretation of National Identity in the Public Space of Mexico
Haakenstad Koháková, Magdalena ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Opatrný, Josef (referee) ; Mácha, Přemysl (referee)
Visual Reinterpretation of National Identity in the Public Space of Mexico Visual communication in public spaces of Mexico has been significantly shaping collective identity, from pre-Columbian times to nowadays. This PhD thesis analyzes the visual aspect of cultural and religious identity in pre-Columbian and colonial eras, later, the discussion is led through the development of the modern day national identity that followed while concurrently explaining how former structural characteristics were partially maintained. Those phenomena are explored from two vantage points: that of the cultural and political elites and that of the general population. However, these perspectives aren't presented in a sharp opposition, rather, as two conjugating cultural streams that have been continuously negotiating and shaping cultural and national identity in correlation with historical and cultural events, including influence from significant others. Accordingly, the thesis explores the official version of national identity, that is promoted by state power, but also how official identity is received into intimate spaces, the everydayness of the bearers of such identity, its reinterpretation and alternatively, the rejections. Since public art (mural art, popular graphics, graffiti, stencil art and other diverse means of...
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Motives of the pre-Colombian art in modern Mexican art
Taltynová, Marie ; Křížová, Markéta (advisor) ; Binková, Simona (referee)
Diploma thesis Motifs of pre-Columbian America in modern Mexican art deals with the pre- Columbian motifs in the work of three leading representatives of the Mexican muralism - Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco and David Alfaro Siqueiros. Muralism, monumental painting with a clearly defined socio-educational function, started to develop on the initiative of the post- revolutionary Mexican government, since the 1920s of the 20th century. During its development, it gained international fame and today it is widely regarded as a uniquely Mexican style of art. An integral part of muralism form scenes from the life of pre-Columbian cultures. The main objective of this work is to analyse these scenes, the origin of particular motifs, their original meanings and meanings, which they assumed in the context of the murals. The work also reflects where muralists acquired knowledge about the Indian civilizations and what image of pre-Columbian past they created. The work also seeks to clarify the question in what specifically was the muralist access to pre-Columbian cultures innovative. The paper uses qualitative methods of analysis of the available written sources and analysis of visual materials.
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