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Larval cestodes and tumors: characterization of antibody response and cross-reactivity
Vajs, Vojtěch ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Panská, Lucie (referee)
In recent years there have been developments in research concerning the effect of certain species of helminths on cancer. For example, a preventative infection with these parasites is capable of slowing or completely preventing the development of certain cancers in experimental models. In our preliminary experiments, the suppressive effect of the infection with Taenia crassiceps and Mesocestoides corti on melanoma cancer cells was discovered. Primary infection with these tapeworms has been able to suppress and completely prevent the growth and metastasis of the B16F10 melanoma cell line. Parasites affect the immune system of their hosts with their presence and products. It was therefore the subject of this work to explore one of the ways how these tapeworms may achieve this effect - cross-reactivity of antibodies with tapeworm and cancer cell antigens. First the antibody response of the mouse organism to the tapeworm infection was examined in C57BL/6J inbred and ICR outbred strains. The growth of immunoglobulin levels was measured with ELISA within the first five weeks post infection, upon which the antigens, with which these immunoglobulins react, were specified with the help of Western blot. After this, these reacting antigens were localised in the tapeworm organism with immunohistochemical...
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Transcriptomic analysis of Mesocestoides corti
Korená, Lucie ; Leontovyč, Roman (advisor) ; Převorovský, Martin (referee)
Some species of parasites, including helminths, can inhibit carcinogenesis in their hosts. The antitumoral effect has been discovered in the tapeworms Taenia crassiceps and Echinococcus granulosus, which genes associated with cancer regression have been identified. The effect of melanoma suppression has also been observed in tapeworm Mesocestoides corti by the Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, however the mechanism-of-action, remains unknown. For the upcoming research it was essential to have the complex molecular data such as transcriptome of the developmental stage s of M. corti. This work is focused on the transcriptomic profiling of the tapeworm M. corti and the differential gene expression in two different strains of murine hosts (inbred and outbred) using the RNA-Seq. The main goal was to identify upregulated transcripts in the tapeworms from the murine hosts that could have a potential effect on cancer regression. Differential gene expression analysis was performed, and the results showed that tapeworms in murine hosts (regardless of strain) had more upregulated transcripts than tapeworms cultured in vitro. Analysis of highly upregulated transcripts in the tapeworms that were grown in the murine hosts identified several...
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Influence of tissue helminths on the development of cancers in model organisms
Schreiber, Manfred ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Kolářová, Libuše (referee)
Mesocestoides corti and Taenia crassiceps are tapeworms, larvae of which are characterized by their ability to reproduce asexually. In this work, the effect of infection by M. corti and T. crassiceps in BALB/c, C57BL/6J and ICR mice on the growth and metastasis of B16F10 melanoma tumors was investigated. Although an increase in metastatic activities was observed after intravenous administration of melanoma cells to M. corti-infected mice, both tapeworms showed a strong suppressive effect on the size and number of tumors and metastases formed when the cells were administered intraperitoneally. This, in some cases, led to a complete elimination of tumor cells. In vitro cultivation of B16F10 cells in the presence of larval excretory-secretory products led to a decrease in their viability but an increase in their migration ability. Flow cytometry proved that M. corti infection has an effect on the increased number and proportion of macrophage populations in the peritoneum of ICR mice. Our work confirmed the anti-tumor effect of T. crassiceps infection in mice and introduced M. corti as a new helminth species capable of influencing cancer. Key words: helminths, cestodes, cancers, Mesocestoides corti, Taenia crassiceps
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