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Population ageing in the Czech Republic and surrounding countries
Podzimková, Michaela ; Miskolczi, Martina (advisor) ; Pechholdová, Markéta (referee)
The bachelor thesis shows ageing of population over the last twenty years in the Czech Republic, Germany, Poland and the Slovak Republic using large number of demographic indicators describing the dynamics and intensity of population ageing. It aims to outline possible future developments and impacts on individuals and the society. The process of ageing has been going on for several years almost all over the world mainly due to declining natality and mortality rates and is expected to continue in the coming decades. During the reported period, there has been a large increase in the proportion of persons over fifty years and as the population ages, number of people in the oldest age groups has also rapidly increased. In the coming years, it is more likely that Old-Age Dependency Ratio will continue to increase and it will refer to a situation where the number of recipients of money from health and pension systems will be funded by a relatively small group of people in the productive age.
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The development of mortality in the Czech Republic
Vimmrová, Hana ; Fiala, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šimková, Martina (referee)
The goal of this bachelor work is to provide a comprehensive overview of the development of mortality in the Czech Republic according to data of the Czech Statistical Office from 1920 to 2010. In the introduction there is mentioned the metodology of mortality indicators. The main part analyzes the development of infant and neonatal mortality, specific mortality rates by sex for five-year age intervals, development of life expectancy (at births and at selected ages) and indirectly standardized rates mortality for males and females separately. In conclusion, regional differences are compared by selected characteristics of mortality in the regions of the Czech Republic.
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Comparison of mortality in the Czech Republic and other EU countries
Hladíková, Petra ; Fiala, Tomáš (advisor) ; Nývlt, Ondřej (referee)
Theme of this study is to compare mortality in the Czech Republic and other EU countries in the period 1960-2010. The introduction describes some of the methodological procedures of calculating the mortality characteristics. The main part is dedicated to analysis of two mortality characteristics, infant mortality (without dividing gender) and life expectancy at birth, at the age of 20, 40 and 65. Countries are divided into "Eastern" and "Western". The study is focused mainly on comparing these two groups of countries and the position of the Czech Republic due to these two groups of countries.
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Territorial differentiation of mortality in the Czech Republic
Bezděčka, Jan ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Šimpach, Ondřej (referee)
The work is dealing with mortality trends and indicators. The object was to compare and evaluate the figures of these indicators among the regions in the Czech republic. The first part explains demographic terms and methods in order to understand the mortality rate and its values. The second part follows and then evaluates the development of mortality rates in the Czech republic since the nineties up to the present. The next part defines the state teritory based on the NUTS classification and specifies all 14 regions. These regions are then compared from the point of selected factors which can influence mortality rate. Then the dependence or independence of mortality on these factors is statistically calculated. After that the work aims at all regions in the Czech republic individually. The values of life expectancy, crude mortality rate and infant mortality are being followed and compared. The closing part is dealing with chosen options for simulating various trends in mortality which is used for making prognosis. It also explains the impact of mortality rate on population ageing which is a hot issue these days.
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Recent changes in the mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms in the Czech Republic
Valášková, Veronika ; Pechholdová, Markéta (advisor) ; Šimpach, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of my dissertation is to describe and compare recent changes in the mortality rate of two of the most common causes of death in the Czech Republic. I divided my work into two main parts. The first part of my dissertation is theoretical and consists of an inventory of data sources that I used, list of basic concepts related to mortality, coding of causes of death, history of international classification of diseases, institutions dealing with these issues, and concluding the theoretical essay, the term cardiovascular revolution is introduced. In the second part, at first, I analyse the development of the overall mortality, which is followed by the comparison of the development of mortality of neoplasms' selected causes and diseases of the circulatory system, using the standardized measures.
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Territorial differentiation of mortality in the Czech Republic
Šišková, Lucie ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Šimpach, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of this elaboration was to identify the character of the individual regions of the Czech Republic from the point of view of mortality. At the beginning of the elaboration the basic indicators of mortality, direct and indirect method of standardization were described in detail and then life tables were mentioned. Through the basic indicators of mortality was evaluated long-term situation in the regions. It was found out that mortality rate expressed relatively, neonatal and infant mortality rates are declining in the long-term nature, but in the past few years their values were fluctuating more. The common feature of both the Czech Republic and each region is increasing life expectancy. Life expectancy is often discussed indicator as it is closely related to the aging process. The elaboration also includes comparison of values of life expectancy in the Czech Republic with the values of selected European countries and expected trend of life expectancy in the future. Moreover, the attention is also paid to mortality in the Czech Republic in the last 20 years, focusing on the 90 years of the 20th century when there was a significant improvement in mortality rates. Conclusion of the elaboration deals with mortality by cause of death. In this part cause of death is precisely defined, the classification of cause of death is given and also the basic principles of classification are described. The analysis of mortality by cause of death in the Czech Republic and regions follows. The annex describes the procedure to calculate the complete life tables, zoning classification and the classification of cause of death are given and there are also tables with data about mortality in the years 2000-2010 for the Czech Republic and its regions.
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Healthy life years indicator
Illeová, Iva ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Kozelský, Tomáš (referee)
Object of this work was to make the analysis of healthy life years indicator. First, the work is devoted on clarifying the term healthy life years, it is focussed on indicators of life expectancy of the medical conditions, and collecting data from surveys. From which is possible to get data to calculate indicators. There is a particular attention on harmonized surveys in European Union. Work demonstrates methods of calculation and availability of already calculated data. Work continues with analysis of the trend of healthy life expectancy in the Czech Republic by gender and then compares the healthy life years to life expectancy. The work also observes the trend of growth rate of a healthy life years in the Czech Republic for the period between 2005 to 2009. A part of work is focused on the aging population of the Czech Republic. The work also includes the development of selected characteristics of aging such as aging index, the elderly dependency ratio and shares of biological generations on the total population of Czech Republic. Finaly, the work is focused on healthy life years in the European Union. The work shows the basic official English-Czech terminology, describes the European organizations focused on the development of healthy life years indicator and at the end the work compares healthy life years with life expectancy in the EU Member States.
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Mortality by cause of death: international comparison of recent trends
Filip, Jakub ; Pechholdová, Markéta (advisor) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
The aim of my work is to describe and compare changes in mortality according to classes of causes of death in the Czech Republic and selected European countries between 1994 - 2009. The work includes mortality characteristics of the Czech Republic, Germany, Estonia, Austria and Finland. The work is divided into three main parts. The first part describes terms related to mortality. The second part deals with the coding of causes of death, its history and origin. The third part is devoted to comparing mortality by cause of death, where the emphasis is on diseases of the circulatory system, malignant neoplasms and external causes.
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Analysis of Mortality in Czech Republic During Past 90 Years
Říha, Jan ; Fiala, Tomáš (advisor) ; Arltová, Markéta (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is aimed on analysis of mortality in Czech Republic between years 1920 and 2009. Thesis is calculated mortality characteristics and done their comparison with some other countries. Thesis is divided into calculation of crude death rates, infant mortality rates, neonatal mortality rates, specific mortality rates in 5 years interval (divided into biological generations), complete life tables (life expectancy) and indirect standardization. Mostly rates are computed different for men and women.
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Development of Life Expectancy in Czech Republic in 1960-2008
Langhamrová, Jana ; Arltová, Markéta (advisor) ; Löster, Tomáš (referee)
The goal of this elaboration is to point out changes in mortality that were responsible for longer life expectancy and lower infant mortality. The trend of basic indicators that contributed to changes in mortality was assessed based on the time series data available on the website of Czech Statistical Office. The life expectancy paradox and the necessary level of birth rate and life expectancy to maintain level of simple reproduction was calculated based on the trend of life expectancy in selected age groups of men and women, infant mortality coefficient and actual birth rate in the Czech Republic during 1920-2008. The elaboration describes in detail the indicators and methods of calculating mortality and pays special attention to life tables and possible ways of flattening mortality rate curves. It also compares life expectancy and healthy life years in the Czech Republic and European countries and describes the term of healthy life years and the most common way of their calculation. In all monitored countries, women's expectation of life at birth is longer than that of men. In the Czech Republic, the difference is now about six years. Life expectancy in all countries keeps going up, with the exception of e.g. the countries of the former Soviet Union where life expectancy has been fluctuating for the past 20 years. Individual countries are compared based on data from the Eurostat database and Human Mortality Database. The annex shows methods of calculating life tables and possible ways of flattening mortality rate curves and provides an overview of the most common models of flattening and extrapolating mortality rate curves. The elaboration also has an index of used terms and a Czech-English vocabulary.
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