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Verb Moods in Completive Subordinate Clauses - Contrastive Corpus Analysis.
MEZEROVÁ, Kristýna
This master´s thesis describes the issue of the grammatical moods in the completive clauses in French and Czech. The theoretical part introduces at first the classification of the verb moods, especially the French subjunctive, the indicative and the conditional and after that the concept of the subordinate clause and the differences of approach to the completive clause in French and in Czech. The main topic of the theoretical part is a study based on the ideas of the French linguist Olivier Soutet. It is dedicated to aspects that determine the choice between the use of the subjunctive and the indicative in the French completive clauses. Finally it presents a hypotetical equivalents to the subjunctive in the Czech language. The theories presented in the first part of the thesis are verified by way of the research in the parallel corpus Intercorp which examines a selected sample of completive clauses.
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The meaning and Czech equivalents of "should" in subordinate nominal content clauses after evaluative and directive expressions
Hráská, Michaela ; Dušková, Libuše (advisor) ; Čermák, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis examines functions of the modal verb should in nominal content clauses introduced by the conjunction that. The Czech counterparts of the English sentences are considered as well. The research focuses on the so-called putative should which occurs after main clauses with directive, epistemic, attitudinal, evaluative and volitional expressions. Should expressing intrinsic (root) modality (expressing permission, obligation or ability) is left out of account. The work pays attention to the basic classification of nominal content clauses deriving from a verbal form alternating with putative should. Two kinds of putative should will be dealt with, namely should after directive and volitional expressions which could have its alternative form in the present subjunctive and should after epistemic, attitudinal and evaluative expressions which could possibly alternate with the indicative. The work examines these verbal forms in relation to the intentional modality of the sentence in an independent form (e.g. declarative, interrogative or imperative sentence). The work is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part of the work describes the basic classification of all central modal verbs in English and putative should in terms of its relation towards the...
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Errors in the use of conjunctive in subordinate clauses in present-day Italian
Bucci, Anna-Marie ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Špaček, Jiří (referee)
The theme of this bachelor thesis is the subjunctive and its erroneous uses in contemporary Italian. The thesis initially presents the mood in connection to other verbal cathegories. It moreover introduces modality, since the subjunctive often serves as a means of expression of this cathegory. The thesis then presents a survey of the recent approaches to the subjunctive in contemporary Italian and the different opinions regarding its function. To conclude the theoretical section of the thesis presents an overview of the morfological norms and of the use of subjunctive in contemporary Italian. In the following section the thesis examines the erroneous uses of the subjunctive, drawing from the corpus of spoken Italian Lessico di frequenzadell'italianoparlato and the web corpus tWaC.The mistakes are classified into three groups- incorrectly formed irregular verb forms, the replacement of the subjunctive by the indicative and the misapplication of the rules of the sequence of tenses. The thesis tries to present a motivation for the occurence of the individual types of mistakes. Keywords Subjunctive; error; verbal mood; corpus; modality; contemporary Italian.
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Function of verb paradigms of "hablara" a "hablase" in Present-Day Spanish
Rýdlová, Lenka ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This theses is dedicated to the use of the verbal paradigms hablara and hablase in contemporary Spanish. We demonstrate that due to historical reasons the usage of paradigm hablara is much wider than that of hablase, which can be used only in the subjunctive meaning. According to the valid linguistic norm, the paradigm hablara (and not hablase) can be used instead of the Past Perfect (although it is not recommended). The same is evidenced with the conditional tense of the modal verbs querer, deber and poder as well as with the main clause of the unreal conditional clauses in the present tense. This means that these two verb paradigms can be arbitralily substituted only when used in the subjunctive function. On the basis of our own frecuency analysis of twenty most used Spanish verbs in the language corpus CREA, we prove that the frecuency of the hablase on average 18% in Spain and 10% in Latin America. Our analysis of this corpus material does not confirm the statement of some linguists that the frecuency of -se form is generally slightly higher in negative sentences. However, our analysis of a parallel corpus InterCorp seems to indicate that it is higher (by 7%) after the conditional conjunction ‚si'.
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Subjunctive in Italian and its Czech equivalents in the parallel corpus InterCorp
Kordošová, Karolína ; Štichauer, Pavel (advisor) ; Špaček, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to describe the problems of the Italian subjunctive and its appropriate translation into Czech. At first, we will put forward the general definition of this verbal mode itself, then we will proceed to the description of its form and function in Italian. The major part of the thesis will be focused on the comparison of selected verbs in subjunctive with its Czech equivalents. Its expressions will be often ambiguous due to the absence of this verbal mode in Czech. That is why we use the parallel corpus InterCorp which will help us to analyse this part. We will introduce its useful function and wide application too. Finally, we will summarize the data.
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The meaning and Czech equivalents of "should" in subordinate nominal content clauses after evaluative and directive expressions
Hráská, Michaela ; Dušková, Libuše (advisor) ; Čermák, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis examines functions of the modal verb should in nominal content clauses introduced by the conjunction that. The Czech counterparts of the English sentences are considered as well. The research focuses on the so-called putative should which occurs after main clauses with directive, epistemic, attitudinal, evaluative and volitional expressions. Should expressing intrinsic (root) modality (expressing permission, obligation or ability) is left out of account. The work pays attention to the basic classification of nominal content clauses deriving from a verbal form alternating with putative should. Two kinds of putative should will be dealt with, namely should after directive and volitional expressions which could have its alternative form in the present subjunctive and should after epistemic, attitudinal and evaluative expressions which could possibly alternate with the indicative. The work examines these verbal forms in relation to the intentional modality of the sentence in an independent form (e.g. declarative, interrogative or imperative sentence). The work is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part of the work describes the basic classification of all central modal verbs in English and putative should in terms of its relation towards the...
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