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Consumption, price expectations and deflatively-recessive spiral
Plný, Petr ; Mandel, Martin (advisor) ; Tran, Van Quang (referee)
This thesis examines the relationship between price expectations and current consumption. Especially, whether the postponement of final consumption expenditure by households, as a result of their declining price expectations; which may be a deflatively-recessive spiral starter; coincides with economic theory and practice. Based on this, appropriate economic policy recommendations can be drawn. The analysis in the framework of intertemporal consumer model of two periods extended by inflation and the risk confirms this hypothesis. Price expectations positively affect current consumption through the intertemporal substitution effect of real interest rate changes. However, certain assumptions must be fulfilled. Especially, the economy must be in a fixed nominal interest rate environment, the substitution effect must not be offset by the effect of a change in the expected real disposable income or the income effect of the change in the real interest rate and the households must have a higher disposable income so that they can afford to postpone consumption. These findings coincide with the conclusions of the empirical analyzes mentioned in this thesis.
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Co může ekonomie říct o prokrastinaci
Fibiger, Ivo ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Špecián, Petr (referee)
The thesis analyzes the measure of academic procrastination among students and the measure of general procrastination among working population with a university degree. The thesis includes 3 studies. In study 1 an experiment was conducted on 33 students of the University of Economics in Prague. The results show, that students achieve better academic results given external, evenly distributed deadlines compared to when they are allowed to set the deadlines themselves. The second study analyses long-term data about 1909 students of the University of Economics and their academic results. The results show that procrastination can influence as much as 8% of the final grade. Study 3 analyzes information about 2487 subjects and their tax-return forms. It puts into context the dates of submission of the tax returns and personal characteristics of the submitters. The results show that procrastination declines with age. Methods on how to fight procrastination are suggested at the end of the thesis.
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Influence of age on measure of procrastination
Fibiger, Ivo ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
The work investigates the measure of general procrastination of adult working population and factors, that influence it. Influence of age, gender and college education is investigated on data consisting of information about 14 086 tax return forms of Prague entrepreneurs. A negative influence of age and college education on the measure of procrastination was discovered by using econometric and statistic methods. It was also revealed that men procrastinate more than women. Hypothesis of positive influence of age on the measure of procrastination is denied. The work also suggests methods of how to lower procrastination or how to prevent it.
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Analysis of the academic procrastination among students of VŠE and 1. LF UK
Pavlovová, Adéla ; Chytilová, Helena (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
This paper is aimed at establishing the prevalence of academic procrastination among students of the University of Economics in Prague and the 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University. This study brings a comparative study of procrastination of two different branches of science in the Czech Republic. It focuses on determining the extent of difference in procrastination between these two groups of students and whether there is a correlation between the achieved degree average and the level of procrastination. Procrastination scale for students (Lay, 1986) was used to determine the extent of procrastination. The 81,1% rate of academic procrastination was observed in the examined sample (N=244). Hypothesis about a significant difference between the levels of procrastination among two groups of students was confirmed at 10% significance level. Hypothesis on the correlation between the grade average and the level of procrastination was confirmed.
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How quickly do resolutions subside? Case of the fitness attendance after the New Year's Eve
Adamcová, Barbora ; Rotschedl, Jiří (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
Aim of this thesis was to investigate the effect of New Year's resolutions on the gym attendance and period, during which people abandon their set resolution. Analysis was performed by ordinary least squares method using data obtained from Hamr -- Sport, a.s. and it proved a positive effect of the resolutions on the attendance of the fitness center situated in Záběhlice compound. The thesis also analyzes influence of the weather, precipitation, days of week and moths of the year on the level of attendance. According to the results of the econometric model estimation, New Year's resolutions last on average for three months. In order to verify this period a robustness test was conducted, which confirmed the result. In a questionnaire survey respondents most frequently reported, that they managed to follow their latest resolution for three months (40 %). The questionnaire also revealed that people seem to leave their long term plans most often due to their own laziness and lack of willpower, but most of them do not use any motivational tools to solve the problem of self-control (or they just rely on their will and abilities).
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Economy of Academic Procrastination of Students bachelors degree NF VŠE
Foktová, Nikola ; Chytilová, Helena (advisor) ; Klesla, Arnošt (referee)
The work deals with the level of academic procrastination among students of full-time bachelor's degree Faculty of Economics University of Economics in Prague. Procrastinating behavior of participating students were measured by PSS (Procrastination Scale for Student Populations, Lay, 1986). In the sample of students (N = 90) was observed 80% rate of academic procrastination, consisting of medium and heavy procrastinators. The influence of gender, age and motivations on student procrastinating tendencies was confirmed. Female students reached demonstrably lower score than male students. The hypothesis about positive impact of student's age on his academic procrastination was confirmed. It was also revealed negative impact of the internal motivation on the student's final level of academic procrastination.
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Economy of procrastination
Hon, Jakub ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Doležalová, Antonie (referee)
The size and intensity of procrastination is influenced by various factors including local environment.The conditions set for elaborating homework, that were exactly the same for both high school and university students, brought up different results. These results were based on an experiment (N=111), which was replicated from a study (D. Ariely and K. Wertenbroch, 2002). The best results achieved were from high school students while put under pressure by submitting more homework on a specific date. This fact varied significantly from university students. Also there is a positive influence of age and maturing on the women's final grade. The precondition for divergent influence of different teacher's gender on men and women was not disproved.
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Dynamický model prokrastinace
Vraný, Martin ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Hudík, Marek (referee)
The thesis presents a formal model of intertemporal decision problem of working on a task for distant reward which depends on the number of periods the subject actually spends working, where the subject faces varying opportunity costs of working each period before the deadline. Three psychologically plausible causes of procrastination are incorporated into the model as transformations of the decision problem. In order to assess a hypothesis that procrastination is an evolved and stable habit, the third transformation renders the model dynamic in that past decisions and circumstances affect the present. The model is first explored via qualitative analysis and simulations are performed to further reveal its functionality.
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