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The collapses of distant worlds
Kozina, Václav ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Budil, Ivo (referee) ; Horák, Miroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis "The collapses of distant worlds" deals with interpretations of the conquista of Mexico and Peru (i.e. the conquests of Aztec and Inca empires). The basic question, which all the works considering the conquista deal with, is: how could the arrival of small groups of Spanish conquerors disrupt great Indian empires in such a short time? My thesis has two main goals: to define the typology of interpretations of the conquista and offer my own interpretation which places emphasis on the role of mentalities and cultural complexes. I have distinguished four basic types of interpretations of the conquista: 1. the metaphysical ones; 2. the technological ones; 3. the environmental ones; 4. the mentalistic ones. I used the conception of mentalities (derived from the work of Lucien Lévy-Bruhl) and the system conception of cultur, where I worked with the term "cultural complex" especially. After my approach the conquista represented the clash between two different types of mentalities: the archaic one (which Indian societies featured) and the literary one (which was developed in European societies). Differences in mentalities and cultural complexes provided advantages to the Spaniards in their struggles with the Aztecs and the Incas. So finally the Spanish conquest of Indian empires is...
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The collapses of distant worlds
Kozina, Václav ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Budil, Ivo (referee) ; Horák, Miroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis "The collapses of distant worlds" deals with interpretations of the conquista of Mexico and Peru (i.e. the conquests of Aztec and Inca empires). The basic question, which all the works considering the conquista deal with, is: how could the arrival of small groups of Spanish conquerors disrupt great Indian empires in such a short time? My thesis has two main goals: to define the typology of interpretations of the conquista and offer my own interpretation which places emphasis on the role of mentalities and cultural complexes. I have distinguished four basic types of interpretations of the conquista: 1. the metaphysical ones; 2. the technological ones; 3. the environmental ones; 4. the mentalistic ones. I used the conception of mentalities (derived from the work of Lucien Lévy-Bruhl) and the system conception of cultur, where I worked with the term "cultural complex" especially. After my approach the conquista represented the clash between two different types of mentalities: the archaic one (which Indian societies featured) and the literary one (which was developed in European societies). Differences in mentalities and cultural complexes provided advantages to the Spaniards in their struggles with the Aztecs and the Incas. So finally the Spanish conquest of Indian empires is...
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The New World as a reflection of The Old world in the Comentarios Reales by Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
Mičunková, Ivana ; Poláková, Dora (advisor) ; Škodová, Denisa (referee)
Inca Garcilaso de la Vega is one of the first significant mestizo writers, born in the New World. The aim of my work is to outline, at last partially, the endeavour of Inca Garcilaso de la Vega to harmonise the Old and New World. In the inconsisitent XVI. century could appeared as very utopic. Thus I would like to zoom into the Inca's culture and society and at the same time into the European society of this era, to allow better understanding of Inca Garcilaso de la Vega's identity itself. Key words: Incas, conquist, mestizaje, transculturization, national identity, renaissance, platonism Old World, New World, harmony
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Human Sacrifice and its Reasons in Cultural and Religious Context
Baudiš, Adam ; Gebelt, Jiří (advisor) ; Kostičová, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor work deals with the problem of human sacrifice and its goal is to find the reasons for this ritual practice. The work is divided into six parts. First part discusses the problem of human sacrifice among the Aztecs. This chapter is largest because this theme was discussed largely in literature. In this chapter is also given a short essay about the Aztec's practice of ritual violence. Next chapter deals with human sacrifice in the Andas and especialy among the Incas. There you can find also little chapter about iconography of the Incas and about the quechua term huaca. In third part are discussed human sacrifices of the Celts. There is also given a short essay about cult of head which was largely practiced among the Celts. Fourth part deals with some theories about human sacrifice. The final part of this thesis tries to compare and summarize the facts given in previous chapters and compare them with the existing theories about human sacrifice and deal with them. - 6 -
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