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Evolution of relations between Hezbollah, UNIFIL and other international actors since the end of Lebanese civil war
Hurych, Vladimír ; Daniel, Jan (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
This bachelor thesis is concerned with the evolution of relations between Hezbollah and UNIFIL from the end of the Lebanese civil war. The first chapter deals with the impact of the civil war on the movement Hezbollah and the so-called process of lebanonisation characterized by a transformation from a terrorist to a political movement. After that I cope with the UNIFIL mission, its deployment in Lebanon and its mandate that was redefined in 2006. In the third part, I focus on the first relations between Hezbollah and UNIFIL after the end of the civil war, the change of the leadership, the process of lebanonisation and the presence of the IDF in Lebanon. Fourth chapter aims at describing the relationship after year 2000 and future cooperation of the movement with the mission. The following chapter deals with the alteration of the mission's mandate after 2006 and the impact on the relationship with Hezbollah. On one hand, this was the period when both actors carried out pragmatic cooperation but on the other hand, several occasional incidents took place between Hezbollah and UNIFIL. Therefore I focus on analyzing the events and possibilities of future mutual relationship.
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Iran as a Case of a State Supporting Terrorism
Krausová, Hana ; Makariusová, Radana (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
The master's theses, which examines the phenomenon of state-sponsored terrorism giving the example of Islamic Republic of Iran, consists of two sections, general and specific. In the first part main theoretical concepts and definitions are be introduced. The author gives priority to differentiation between the terms of terrorism, state-sponsored terrorism and marginally also to the problematic definition of state terrorism. Detailed description of the concept of state-sponsored terrorism follow. Last but not least the author provides an insight into the history of the occurrence of this form of terrorism. The merit of the work, however, remains in particular case study of the state- sponsored terrorism, the Islamic Republic of Iran. To understand the context and causes of supporting terrorism, it is necessary to become familiar with the history of Iran (especially since 1979), its political system and the current situation in the country. This thesis will examine the reasons that led Iran to support terrorism on domestic and foreign soil, and specifically focusing on the terrorist organization Hezbollah, which Iran founded and have significantly sponsored for a long time. The intention of the thesis is to identify the main causes of Iranian support for terrorism, to determine how the relationship...
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Suppressing violence or promoting destabilization? Analysis of Principal-Agent relationships to achieve different goals: Cases of Iran and Israel
Bora, Daniel ; Doboš, Bohumil (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
Nowadays, the theory of proxy warfare receives more and more attention. However, it is not an entirely new phenomenon. Recent conflicts in Syria and Yemen got proxy warfare to the forefront of academic and public interest. This thesis aims to describe the existing proxy relationships in the area of the Middle East and analyze those relations from the perspectives of an actor's motivation to forge such a relationship and management of the proxy. The principal-agent (p-a) analysis is the approach that allows us to do that. We apply this approach to three case studies. In the first case study, we analyze the principal-agent relationship between Iran and Hezbollah. In this relationship, we can observe a high alignment of interests, and therefore it should be a textbook example of the p-a relationship. In the second case study, we focus on the relationship between Israel and Hamas. However, it may seem like there is no possibility these two actors will cooperate in any sense. We described that if "declared interests" (ideology) are put aside, both principal and agent can find a common pragmatic interest enabling them to establish the p-a relationship. The third case study analyzes Hamas as a hybrid actor, suggesting that one agent (Hamas) can be in the principal- agent relationship with two hostile...
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From revolutionary armed forces to revolutionary regimes, empirical analysis of the transformation
Cuby, Alexandre ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the role that political ideologies plays in determining the target of insurgency movements. In order to understand how these groups operate, I use Janowitz's military establishment to apply it on the three main revolutionary ideologies of the 20th century, Khomeinism, Marxism/Leninism and Fanonian. Based on these analyses, I hypothesize the three main targets by ideology based on the clarity of the indoctrination and on the level of bureaucracy entailed in the revolutionary texts. I then proceed to compare these theories to three case studies, the Hezbollah, the FARC and finally the PKK. I try to offer an explanation on why religious insurgencies target most of their attacks towards rival factions or why nationalist left-wing groups are mostly focused on attacking security forces. I argue that a well-structured hierarchy, a reliance on the civil society and a clear definition of the political and military targets are quintessential to prevent civilian causalities. But contrarily to most papers on the topic, I find that a strict military discipline has the reversed result that expected. For instance, the FARC and the PKK have such a strict internal code of discipline that it led the members to desert the organizations by thousands and have civilians as...
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Iran as a Case of a State Supporting Terrorism
Krausová, Hana ; Makariusová, Radana (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
The master's theses, which examines the phenomenon of state-sponsored terrorism giving the example of Islamic Republic of Iran, consists of two sections, general and specific. In the first part main theoretical concepts and definitions are be introduced. The author gives priority to differentiation between the terms of terrorism, state-sponsored terrorism and marginally also to the problematic definition of state terrorism. Detailed description of the concept of state-sponsored terrorism follow. Last but not least the author provides an insight into the history of the occurrence of this form of terrorism. The merit of the work, however, remains in particular case study of the state- sponsored terrorism, the Islamic Republic of Iran. To understand the context and causes of supporting terrorism, it is necessary to become familiar with the history of Iran (especially since 1979), its political system and the current situation in the country. This thesis will examine the reasons that led Iran to support terrorism on domestic and foreign soil, and specifically focusing on the terrorist organization Hezbollah, which Iran founded and have significantly sponsored for a long time. The intention of the thesis is to identify the main causes of Iranian support for terrorism, to determine how the relationship...
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Evolution of relations between Hezbollah, UNIFIL and other international actors since the end of Lebanese civil war
Hurych, Vladimír ; Daniel, Jan (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
This bachelor thesis is concerned with the evolution of relations between Hezbollah and UNIFIL from the end of the Lebanese civil war. The first chapter deals with the impact of the civil war on the movement Hezbollah and the so-called process of lebanonisation characterized by a transformation from a terrorist to a political movement. After that I cope with the UNIFIL mission, its deployment in Lebanon and its mandate that was redefined in 2006. In the third part, I focus on the first relations between Hezbollah and UNIFIL after the end of the civil war, the change of the leadership, the process of lebanonisation and the presence of the IDF in Lebanon. Fourth chapter aims at describing the relationship after year 2000 and future cooperation of the movement with the mission. The following chapter deals with the alteration of the mission's mandate after 2006 and the impact on the relationship with Hezbollah. On one hand, this was the period when both actors carried out pragmatic cooperation but on the other hand, several occasional incidents took place between Hezbollah and UNIFIL. Therefore I focus on analyzing the events and possibilities of future mutual relationship.
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The visual matter of Hezbollah on Southern suburb of Beirut
Harmach, Daniel ; Pelikán, Petr (advisor) ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (referee)
The author of the graduation research on the theme Visual Matter of Hezbollah on Southern Suburb of Beirut deals with the issue by unconventional approach of sociocultural anthropology. Through the application of Alfred Gell's and Robert Layton's art theory he assess what are the values incorporated in material culture of Hezbollah using to its self presentation. The author provides a description of examples and subsequently finds parallels in the material objects and what kind of an agency these objects are carrying. The paper is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The opening of the work also briefly deals with the history of Lebanon's shia confession and as well as history of the movement itself. Further, the empirical part is divided into three sections. The first is devoted to poster's and billboard's expression of Hezbollah, the second is focused on the urban estate of southern suburbs of Beirut and in the last section the author focused on small souvenir items and things of daily use. Finally, he concludes that the material culture of Hezbollah in Dahieh seem to be connected in logical but unexpected contexts - the art with politics, communication with the urban space and technology with culture. Moreover, the author also describes a noticeable trend in the commoditization of goods bearing...
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Hizbullah: A Phenomenon of the Transformation of Terrorist Movement into Political Party
Harmach, Daniel ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
The thesis follows the political development of the Lebanese Shia movement Hezbollah from its radical beginnings in the 80th, through the first political success in the early years of the 90th, to the contemporary situation. Hezbollah is an example of phenomenal transformation to the politically powerful entity with its own political party and significant power, which was often stronger than a real power of Lebanese government. The aim of the paper is to highlight the dynamic process of transformation of terrorist movement into a political party. The process is operationalized at two levels than. The analysis follows the external nature of the Lebanese political system allowing the transformation of Hezbollah; the interior follows the development of participation of Hezbollah. The process of transformation is depicted not only during key parliamentary elections in 1992, but also in the context of subsequent political developments, which resulted in a dominant position of Hezbollah in the Lebanese government. The text also embedded Hezbollah to the overall context of the Shia fundamentalist movements and the author tries to provide the potential outlines for its further development. The author also believes that the conclusions of the work can enrich the overall outlook on Lebanese Hezbollah and to provide...
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Kritická analýza 'teroristického přívlastku'
Zich, Tomáš ; Druláková, Radka (advisor) ; Rolenc, Jan Martin (referee)
The terrorist label became recently so widely used. It strongly influenced the language of media, politicians and society. The security discourse is seemingly dominated by the counter-terrorism policy. Both the national and international legal systems introduced laws to avert the terrorist actions. Ironically, no universal definition of terrorism has been found yet so the use of the terrorist label depends mainly on own interpretation. The thesis aims to critically analyse the terrorist label and to determine if it prevents the conflict between so called terrorists and the rest of the society from peaceful resolution. The first chapter introduces theoretical and methodological framework of the research. It is followed by the analysis of the EU's designation of Hezbollah's military wing as a terrorist organization in the second chapter. A special attention is paid to the Israeli diplomatic pressure on the EU to blacklist Hezbollah which was selected as an appropriate example of the terrorist labelling.
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