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Position and strategy of opposition in the Parliament of the Czech Republic
Křičková, Kateřina ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Kuta, Martin (referee)
The thesis analyses the position and strategy of the opposition in the Parliament. The thesis also provides an international comparison within the Visegrad Group (The Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia). Main attention is paid to the opposition in the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate which factors affect behavior of opposition and how the strategy of opposition differs in the Parliament. The thesis deals with behavior of representatives of political parties with low coalition potential and with options which opposition can use in relation to the government.
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Possibilities of Legislative Procedure Reform in the Chamber of Deputies: Study 1.182
Syllová, Jindřiška
Práce předkládá varianty pro zklidnění legislativního procesu v České republice. První možností zklidnění legislativního procesu je omezení práva podávat pozměňovací návrhy. Toto právo patří ke všeobecně uznávaným prerogativám členů parlamentu. Vyplývá z jejich práva zákonodárné iniciativy. Řada parlamentů však definuje přesné podmínky pro podávání pozměňovacích návrhů, což zefektivňuje zákonodárný proces a činí jej transparentnějším. Druhou možností je zavedení pravidla, podle kterého každý pozměňovací návrh podaný ve druhém čtení musí být projednán ve výboru. Toto pravidlo by podstatně prodloužilo projednávání návrhu zákona. Pokud by projednávání ve výboru probíhalo stejně jako při projednávání návrhu zákona po prvním čtení, tedy včetně pozvání zástupce vlády a dalších činitelů, vyžadovalo by to změnu harmonogramu schůzí Poslanecké sněmovny a musel by být změněn jednací řád Poslanecké sněmovny. Práce se dále zabývá také nálezem Ústavního soudu o tzv. přílepcích. V souladu s tímto nálezem je třeba uvažovat o zákazu přílepků. Zakotvení zákazu přílepků v sobě nese dva základní problémy. Prvním z nich je formulace přílepku, tedy vyjádření souvislosti pozměňovacího návrhu k návrhu zákona. Druhým podstatně důležitějším problémem je to, kdo bude rozhodovat o tom, jak ustanovení vykládat. V praxi jednacích řádů existuje řada pokusů o formulování přílepků, jediným relativně úspěšným státem (když vyloučíme USA, viz příloha práce) je Francie. Její úspěch v určení přílepků vychází z toho, že kompatibilitu pozměňovacího návrhu se zněním jednacího řádu posuzuje (resp. Může posuzovat) Ústavní rada. Přemíře pozměňovacích návrhů se ve skutečnosti úspěšně čelí jen ve státech, kde je zvyklostí kázeň poslanců vládních koalic (Španělsko, Portugalsko, Nizozemsko, částečně Švédsko), a kde poslanci obvykle nejdou navrhovanými pozměňovacími návrhy proti své vládě. Zároveň i jednací řád je v těchto státech vůči podávání pozměňovacích návrhů velmi přísný. Studie obsahuje i přehled dalších možností jak legislativní proces zklidnit a obsahuje přehled řešení této problematiky v zahraničních jednacích řádech.
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Professionalization of the exercise of deputy's mandate in the Parliament of the Czech Republic
Zákoutská, Eva ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Kuta, Martin (referee)
The Diploma Thesis is focused on the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic and its professionalization. The Thesis solves question about stable extent of the professionally experienced and professional politicians in Chamber of Deputies and its organs by using professionalization factors to the Czech Chamber of Deputies. Furthermore the thesis is focused on material processing and information security of deputies which are provided by the Chamber of Deputies to perform parliamentary duties professionally and full time.
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Stability of Incumbents in the Parliament of the Czech Republic
Mareček, Jan Lukáš ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Kuta, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with the personal stability of the Czech Parliament in the period after 1993 when the Czech Republic was founded. The author assumes a better orientation in both organizational and procedural issues of reelected representatives. The aim of this thesis is to explore what factors have influenced the rate of reelection of MPs and Senators and how these are subsequently reflected in the personal structure of both Chambers. Using a quantitative analysis, the author tests the hypothesis that the rate of reelection will be higher in the Senate due to the majority voting system which is more personalized than the proportional one used in the Chamber of Deputies. The hypothesis was tested in the Committees analogically. Furthermore, the author tests if the current level of voter turnout influences the final election results and the rate of reelection, respectively. The text is divided into three chapters. The thesis is composed of a common structure heading from a theoretical background towards empirical analysis.
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A field trip into the Parliament of the Czech Republic as a part of civics lessons
ŠPANĚLOVÁ, Kristýna
My Master?s thesis will be dealing with a field trip into the Parliament of the Czech Republic as a part of civics lessons in the 6th to the 9th grade of a primary school. It emphasises the meaning of field trips, their organization and it describes possible difficulties which the organizer can get into. The first part focuses on a political system in the Czech Republic with emphasis on general power division in the land. Its aim is to monitor the evolution of legislative power in Czech lands in the 20th century. The second part deals with a teaching method of a field trip as a progressive teaching method which has been out of interest of pedagogy and didactics. In the third part the emphasis is put on the preparation, accomplishment and consequent evaluation of the field trips into the Parliament of the Czech Republic in a form of a case study. It gives instructions for their organisation and mentions basic data about the running of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. It also analyses how much the field trip can supplement theoretical knowledge of the pupils gained in the civics lessons. The aim is to deal with the experience from a direct contact with the observed reality from the point of view of the 6th to the 9th grade primary school pupils. Diploma thesis can be used as a methodical tool for pedagogues of civics lessons to organise field trips into the Parliament of the Czech Republic.
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Party Preferences and Voting Model in May 2012
Kunštát, Daniel
In May survey CVVM investigated how people trust to political Parties and whether they are willing to take part in elections to Chamber of Deputies. In the press release there are two different types of information: Party preference and a model of voting behaviour. Party preferences give us information about public sympathy with political Parties in the group of citizens who have voting right and there is also included a part of citizens who will not take part in elections or they do not knot who to vote for. Voting model indicate anticipated result of elections to Chamber of Deputies in the time of the survey. Voting model comes out of Party preferences but it includes only those who want to take part in elections and they answered us a Party they would vote for – in short this group does not include undecided people and non – voters.
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Party Preferences and Voting Model in April 2012
Kunštát, Daniel
In April survey CVVM investigated how people trust to political Parties and whether they are willing to take part in elections to Chamber of Deputies. In the press release there are two different types of information: Party preference and a model of voting behaviour. Party preferences give us information about public sympathy with political Parties in the group of citizens who have voting right and there is also included a part of citizens who will not take part in elections or they do not knot who to vote for. Voting model indicate anticipated result of elections to Chamber of Deputies in the time of the survey. Voting model comes out of Party preferences but it includes only those who want to take part in elections and they answered us a Party they would vote for – in short this group does not include undecided people and non – voters.
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An analysis of the results of Parliamentary Elections in the Czech Republic
Kopecká, Barbora ; Kalčevová, Jana (advisor) ; Kuncová, Martina (referee)
The election to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic took place in 2010. The theses focuses on examining of pre-election polls and election results themselves using some knowledge of game theory and public choice theory. The work describes in detail the methodology of processing election results as it works in the Czech Republic at present. Pre-election polls of selected survey agencies are compared and evaluated here. Further the theses uses an alternative approach to the distribution of seats in the Chamber of Deputies, with a focus on possible impact on the election results both in terms of the different distribution of seats, and in terms of the subsequent formation of possible coalitions. There are also discussed all possible coalitions which were suggested after the elections in 2010.
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FRANTIŠEK MACHNÍK - The life of Agrarian politician and minister of the national defence
KOPECKÝ, Lukáš
Submitted diploma thesis brings the life fates of František Machník, last political minister of the national defence of the first Czechoslovak republic. He was one of the political symbols of the army in 30´s as the representative of the Agrarian party. He soon found that the possible new army conflict among nations could be very real. The whole European effort of keeping Versailles´ peace system was absolutely desperate. Machník became propagator of the nation´s military ability, he popularized the army in the public view and he inspired thousands of people for her. He gave her technic and institutional laws. He was interested in the financial support of the building of the border´s fortification. This diploma work tries as first to map Machník´s life from the very beginnings over his studies, teacher´s and school director´s career and MP activities. It looks on his early enter to the Agrarian party and his work for Agrarian academics. The three - years ministerial career emphasizes two important moments - the law of the national defence and Machník´s decree. WWII brought him first suffering - the Gestapo investigation and then he was sentenced to death and this was changed to life imprisonment. The author of this work is also interested in Machník´s postwar investigation and trial by the National Court in the year 1947. It was followed with the communistic trial in 1952 and 5 years imprisonment. The end of the thesis concentrates on the sad Machník´s retirement after the amnesty in 1953.
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