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Methods for determination of tumor markers in the blood plasma and their clinical significance in diagnosing
Toman, Karel ; Márová, Ivana (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
The thesis discusses the methods of determination of tumor markers and their clinical importance in medical diagnostics. The theoretical part describes clinically important tumor markers and also the chemiluminescent immunoassay methods used for their determination. The practical part of the thesis describes the introduction of new chemiluminescent methods for the determination of tumor markers in routine operation, evaluates its basic analytical parameters and compares it with the existing immunoturbidimetric method. The practical part also presents results of monitoring of cancer patients with various tumors, which is performed by evaluation of the values of tumor markers. Comparison of our method with other methods within the context of System of external quality control is also documented.
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Economic Efficiency of the Investment Project
Paulus, Adam ; Doubek, Michael (referee) ; Korytárová, Jana (advisor)
The theme of this bachelor´s thesis is assessment of the economic efficiency of public construction investment. The first part is about general problematics of investing, its life cycle and about magical triangle. Description of criterial economic efficiency ratios follows. The last theoretical part contains desription of input-output analysis and description of feasibility study modified for public projects. The practical part describes and calculates efficiency of the specific investment, revitalization of the brownfield to the public library.
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Disease detection of collie eye anomaly in shepherd dog breeds
ŽÁKOVÁ, Hana
This thesis deals with the detection of Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA) in Shepherd breeds. CEA is a congenital hereditary eye disease whose main manifestations are choroidal hypoplasia and coloboma of the optic nerve. This disease is incurable and complications such as retinal detachment or intraocular bleeding are often associated with it. The development of this anomaly is caused by a deletion of the 7.8 kb region in intron 4 of the NHEJ1 gene. The aim of this thesis is to optimize PCR and real-time PCR methods for the detection of CEA causal mutation and subsequent screening of DNA samples from Shepherd breeds dogs. The investigated group consisted of 138 DNA samples collected from individuals of the Border Collie, Smooth Collie, Rough Collie, Sheltie, Australian Shepherd and German Shepherd breeds. Biological materials were obtained via buccal swab. Both examined methods yielded the same results with regards to the subjects' genotypes. The screening of samples confirmed the findings of previous research, that the highest incidence of CEA occurs in Rough Collie (91%) and Sheltie (23%) breeds, respectively. The lowest incidence of recessive homozygotes (4%) was found in the Border Collie breed. Among other breeds, no dogs affected by CEA were detected.
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Tumor markers at OKB Pelhřimov Hospital - methods of assessment, clinical significance.
VACÍKOVÁ, Kateřina
Tumour diseases are the most common cause of death in the Czech Republic after heart and vessel diseases. Each year a number of new cancer patients are diagnosed and accepted for treatment. Determining the level of tumour markers is an integral part of screening methods for early detection of the disease, diagnosis and control of the course of treatment. Currently, no universal marker is available, so more markers of cancer, whose specificity and sensitivity are overlapping, are determined in the analysis. In the theoretical part, the thesis deals with a general description of tumour diseases. Another part is devoted to tumour markers, characteristics, evaluation of the results of the examination and their division. Subsequently individual tumour markers investigated at the Department of Clinical Biochemistry of Pelhřimov Hospital, semi-budgetary organization, are described. The practical part is devoted to the methods of tumour marker determination at the Department of Clinical Biochemistry ofPelhřimov Hospital, semi-budgetary organization. It is followed by the description of the principle of tumour marker determination on the Cobas e601 analyser. The experimental part is devoted to the statistics of tumour markers for individual years (2015-2017) obtained from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry of Pelhřimov Hospital, semi-budgetary organization. Furthermore, in the experimental part I deal with patients and their evaluation of the results. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to prepare a summary of the most important and most used tumour markers, a brief characterization and a description of the importance for clinical practice. The thesis also presents laboratory methods of their determination including analytical parameters, preanalytical requirements and the evaluation of tumour marker results. At the end of the thesis statistical data obtained at the workplace of OKB (the Department of Clinical Biochemistry) and RTO (the Department of Radiology) of Pelhřimov Hospital, semi-budgetary organization, are presented.
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Economic Efficiency of the Investment Project
Paulus, Adam ; Doubek, Michael (referee) ; Korytárová, Jana (advisor)
The theme of this bachelor´s thesis is assessment of the economic efficiency of public construction investment. The first part is about general problematics of investing, its life cycle and about magical triangle. Description of criterial economic efficiency ratios follows. The last theoretical part contains desription of input-output analysis and description of feasibility study modified for public projects. The practical part describes and calculates efficiency of the specific investment, revitalization of the brownfield to the public library.
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Genetic eye diseases in dogs
Šmejkalová, Barbora ; Hofmanová, Barbora (advisor)
Eye diseases in dogs are often very similar to humans eye disease. Eye diseases are becoming more common in pure breed of dogs, therefore it is important to take them into consideration, particularly when we are crossing the parent generation.
In the first part is explained in detail and illustrated anatomy of the eye, including images and photographs. In the next part, there are described various eye diseases, namely cataract, glaucoma, hereditary diseases of the retina, progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) and Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA). For each disease is described, how it is possible to diagnose the disease, how it progress, what is its connection with genetic and possible treatment alternatives. In closing there are tables and graphs showing the frequency of occurrence of a specific disease either from an overall perspective or from the perspective of individual breeds.
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CEA in breeds used for dog-assisted activities and therapies
Tipková, Zuzana ; Sedláková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Fiala Šebková, Naděžda (referee)
Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA) is an inherited disease that primarily affects herding dog breeds such as Smooth and Rough Collie, Border Collie, Shetland Sheepdog and Australian Shepherd, as well as Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever. All these breeds can be used for dog-assisted activities, some individuals are also suitable for dog-assisted therapies. In the literature I found general information about the history, symptoms, diagnosis, mode of inheritance, genetic testing of the predisposed breeds.
CEA was first described in the 50s of the 20th century. Manifestations of CEA vary widely and therefore it has not been known that a variety of symptoms is caused by one disease for a long time.
Choroidal hypoplasia is the characteristic sign, furthermore may be present: coloboma, tortuosity of the retinal blood vessels, intraocular hemorrhage and retinal detachment leading to blindness. CEA cannot be cured. It is recommended to perform an early diagnosis, which is possible from 6 to 8 weeks of age, because the defect can be covered by later pigmentation in older pups and ocular fundus of the dog then appears normal. At first dog breeders did not pay much attention to this anomaly, because it is a small percentage of individuals who become completely blind as a consequence of that disease. Carriers of CEA have no symptoms, but their offspring may inherit a severe form of CEA. We cannot exclude affected individuals from breeding program in the breeds with high prevalence of CEA since it would reduce genetic diversity.
It is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutation in the NHEJ1 gene. After the causative mutation was found, a two-step PCR assay, which uses two primer pairs to quickly detect the mutation in chromosomes, was developed. The latest molecular methods for the diagnosis of CEA include simplified analysis of the deletion without DNA isolation and rapid genotyping technique based on SYBR Green real-time PCR. Genetic tests are available in many countries now and so breeders can control the health of their dogs.
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Dědičná onemocnění očí u australských ovčáků
Žaludová, Petra
This thesis focuses eye diseases of Australian Shepherds. Full history of the breed is described, its origins, the most common illnesses and brief characteristics. Selected eye diseases are described along with their symptoms and their impacts on individual subjects, along with their genes and mutations. This thesis also includes available genetic tests that are able to detect high-risk genotypes causing disease.
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Methods for determination of tumor markers in the blood plasma and their clinical significance in diagnosing
Toman, Karel ; Márová, Ivana (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
The thesis discusses the methods of determination of tumor markers and their clinical importance in medical diagnostics. The theoretical part describes clinically important tumor markers and also the chemiluminescent immunoassay methods used for their determination. The practical part of the thesis describes the introduction of new chemiluminescent methods for the determination of tumor markers in routine operation, evaluates its basic analytical parameters and compares it with the existing immunoturbidimetric method. The practical part also presents results of monitoring of cancer patients with various tumors, which is performed by evaluation of the values of tumor markers. Comparison of our method with other methods within the context of System of external quality control is also documented.
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Cost effectiveness analysis of measures leading to the reduction of eutrophication in the catchment of the Orlik Reservoir
Macháč, Jan ; Slavíková, Lenka (advisor) ; Vojáček, Ondřej (referee)
The growing demand for clean water has led to the adoption of the EU Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60 EC). New legislation has a major impact on the water management and the national economy and provides numerous requirements, including "good status" of all water bodies. The Framework Directive also implies the need for an economic analysis of the optimal process to achieve good status by using the cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA). The application of this method in water management is struggling with a number of methodological complications. One of the affected areas in the Czech Republic is the catchment of the Orlik Reservoir that faces excessive eutrophication. Eutrophication is caused by excessive introduction of phosphorus. The main sources of phosphorus are municipal wastewater, aquaculture and agriculture. As illustrated by professional research mentioned in this work and the actual processing of CEA of the catchment of the Orlik Reservoir, a wide range of methodological problems can be avoided by using appropriate tools. This thesis also presents that achieving of good status of the catchment would require annual cost of CZK 602 million. The most significant cost bearers are according to the CEA fisheries and municipalities.
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