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Is CO2 fertilization responsible for plant growth enhancement across different biomes?
Pyšek, Ivan ; Šímová, Irena (advisor) ; Lhotáková, Zuzana (referee)
Production of plant biomass depends on abiotic and biotic factors, these factors vary across biomes. Concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is one of the abiotic factors. The effect of this factor on plant is intensively studied. Current climate changes includes global warming, that is influenced mainly by anthropogenic activity (burning fossil fuels and the consequent increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide, methane etc.). Due to the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, plants likely increase their growth, photosynthetic activity, decrease their stomatal conductance and the rate of transpiration. Increasing concentration of CO2 can thus have a positive impact on plants. The FACE method monitores plant reactions to enhanced concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in natural environment. The response of plants to increasing concentration of carbon dioxide is influenced by biotic and abiotic factors, which vary across biomes, and also by the type of plant metabolism (C3 and C4 metabolism). Plants with C3 metabolism react to increased concentrations of carbon dioxide immediately, but this response is diminished as they acclimatize over the years. In contrast, plants with C4 metabolism react with a delay, but there is not such a...
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The effects of temperature on growth and photosynthesis of C3 and C4 in education
Máhrlová, Zuzana ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Kutík, Jaromír (referee)
Photosynthesis, or photosynthetic assimilation, is a set of biochemical processes during which received light radiation energy is changed into energy of chemical bonds. To produce organic compounds, the photosynthesis uses as energy source only light energy and other sources of energy are CO2, mineral nutrients and water. The heat (infrared radiation) is one of the most important external environmental factors affecting plants. Too much of heat or its lack cause plant stress and influence all biochemical processes. Accordin, to the way of CO2 fixation, three types of photosynthesis can recognized- C3, C4 and CAM. Furthermore, C3 and C4 types of plants can be distinguished according to thein optimum temperature range, when C4 plants have optimum temperature ranges generally higher than C3 plants. Another differences between these types of plants consist in different physiological response to the changing climate, above all to the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2 and simultaneously increasing temperature. The higher the concentration of CO2, the higher the rate of photosynthesis of C3 plants, whereas increased temperature increases the rate of photosynthesis of C4 plants. These different reactions of C3 and C4 plants on different environmental factors have consequences in a rate of net...
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