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Consociational theory - Libanon case study
Coufal, Ondřej ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with contribution of Consociational theory for Lebanon in 1943 till 1975 and during a follow-up state's reconstruction in 1989 after a civil war. In 1943 Lebanon becomes an independent state for the first time and its political system contained Consociational principles described by Netherland's political scientist Arend Lijphart. Those were present in order to keep the system stable despite wide religious fragmentation which was the Lebanon's case. The possibility of taking part in political decision making had all of the relevant groups. Institutional organization matched the basic Consociational conditions but the society was divided ideologically and socially. Arab nationals appeared among the Muslims whilst the Christians rather advanced the Lebanese nationalism. Problems were also brought together with a bad socioeconomic situation which was mostly a disadvantage for Muslims. Already a situation this difficult was intensified by a long-termed Arab-Israeli conflict and the Palestinian migration in Lebanon going along with it. The aim of this thesis is to find out how the elites dealt with such a difficult situation in 1943 till 1975 then to evaluate the presence of Consociational principles and their contribution.
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Consociational theory - Libanon case study
Coufal, Ondřej ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with contribution of Consociational theory for Lebanon in 1943 till 1975 and during a follow-up state's reconstruction in 1989 after a civil war. In 1943 Lebanon becomes an independent state for the first time and its political system contained Consociational principles described by Netherland's political scientist Arend Lijphart. Those were present in order to keep the system stable despite wide religious fragmentation which was the Lebanon's case. The possibility of taking part in political decision making had all of the relevant groups. Institutional organization matched the basic Consociational conditions but the society was divided ideologically and socially. Arab nationals appeared among the Muslims whilst the Christians rather advanced the Lebanese nationalism. Problems were also brought together with a bad socioeconomic situation which was mostly a disadvantage for Muslims. Already a situation this difficult was intensified by a long-termed Arab-Israeli conflict and the Palestinian migration in Lebanon going along with it. The aim of this thesis is to find out how the elites dealt with such a difficult situation in 1943 till 1975 then to evaluate the presence of Consociational principles and their contribution.
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Consociational theory as a sollution for Cyprus?
Gillern, Jan ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Schlosáriková, Eva (referee)
The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to examine whether a solution based on the Lijphart's consociational theory can bring stable political solution to Cyprus. Cypriot communities began to alienate as a response to the emergence of independent Greece in 19th century and successes of Mustafa Kemal in Turkey after the WWI. In 1960 the system based on the consociational principles was established in Cyprus. However, during the first three years of its existence it became dysfunctional and various crisis resulted in almost civil war. In this paper I argue that it were mainly the missing favorable conditions for consociational democracy, as defined by Arend Lijphart, that caused this failure. This paper also examines whether this unfavorable situation remained in existence. Therefore, I follow the events since the failure of the republic in 1960th in order to find out whether the situation for consociational democracy has improved. As my research showed, although there are some significant improvements, some of the Lijphart's conditions are still unfavorable. Mainly the determination of Cypriot elites to establish and maintain the consociational system is missing and therefore it is improbable that stable consocitaional solution can be found.
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First Czechoslovak Republic in a context of consociational theory
Zavřel, Filip ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
This bachelor thesis called "First Czechoslovak Republic in the context of theory of consociational democracy" deals with the analysis of the political system of the first Czechoslovak Republic in order to determine wheter and/or to what extent this system contains components which are characteristic of the theory of consociational democracy, as described by the Dutch political scientist Arend Lijphart in sixties of 20th century. It focuses on the analysis of the system in the fields of fragmentation, electoral and party system, the results of elections to the National Assembly, negotiations of political elites and the formation and functioning of coalition governments. It's based on the thesis that the political system of the first Czechoslovak Republic included components later associated with the theory of consociational democracy, especially in the form of a grand coalition goverment (with the participation of representatives of the German minority since 1926) and relatively long-term systemic stability, achieved despite extensive fragmentation of society, which was cleaved especially nationally. The period covered is the whole era of the first republic, thus since the year 1918 untill 1938.
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Sunnigdale Agreement: Consociationalism as a solution of conflict in Northern Ireland and its failure
Musilová, Karolína ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Fínková, Eva (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis "Sunningdale Agreement: Consociationalism as a solution of conflict in Northern Ireland and its failure" examines the possibilities of using consociational model to solve the conflict in Northern Ireland in the 1970s. British government tried to solve long- lasting conflict among catholics and protestants by imposing the power-sharing government. The thesis examines how the conditions of consociational model defined by Arend Lijphart were fulfilled in Northern Ireland and if there was a opportunity to solve the conflict with the model. Moreover, the thesis analyses to what extent the failure was caused by consociational model itself. The result is that conditions for consociational model are not favorable in Northern Ireland, but this does not necessarily mean failure. More important was the lack of the key element of consociationalism, which is the belief that the system should be preserved shared among the elites.
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Consociationalism in practice: The case of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Fialová, Tereza ; Němec, Jan (advisor) ; Kuta, Martin (referee)
The model of a consociational democracy, which has been imposed on Bosnia and Herzegovina, has not started working -- not even after 16 years of being applied -- the way it ought to. After the last parliamentary elections, that were held in Bosnia and Herzegovina in October 2010, the effort to assemble the government lasted for 16 months. Moreover, the Serbians, since contracting the Dayton Agreement, which was in fact proposed by the international community, have had rather separatist tendencies. The Croats are not satisfied with the current form of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, where they have to live along with the Bosnians. They demand a creation of the third entity within the regions occupied mostly by their nation. The Bosnians, however, want the country to head towards a unitary state instead. These are not the only conflicts and issues impeding the effective function of the political system. This thesis primarily concentrates on analyzing the causes which constrain from a successful functioning of a consociational democracy in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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