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Drugs in municipal wastewaters and their removal
Weberová, Kateřina ; Načeradská, Jana (advisor) ; Kopecká, Ivana (referee)
This research bachelor's thesis focuses on the occurence of illicit drugs in municipal wastewaters and their removal in wastewater treatment plants. The thesis focuses in detail on four psychoactive substances, which are tetrahydrocannabinol, MDMA, cocaine and methamphetamine, and their most commonly monitored metabolites. The work provides an overview of their presence in the aquatic environment and in wastewaters at the influent to wastewater treatment plants. In surface water, substances are found in concentrations up to hundreds of nanograms per liter. Concentrations of drugs at the influent to wastewater treatment plants normally range from tens to hundreds of nanograms per liter, with increased consumption reaching several thousand nanograms per liter. The thesis also focuses to efficiency of removal of selected psychoactive substances and their main metabolites during different stages of wastewater treatment. The findings indicate that the primary treatment is significant for tetrahydrocannabinol, less so for other substances. Tetrahydrocannabinol and its metabolites, in contrast to the other investigated substances, are lipophilic and their sorption occurs on the solid phase of wastewater. High concentrations of cannabinoids occur in sewage sludge, where they can persist in lower...
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Comparison of energy consumption of selected wastewater treatment plants
Bodnar, Maryna ; Mergl, Václav (referee) ; Repková, Martina (advisor)
The aim of this final bachelor's thesis is to compare the energy consumption of two wastewater treatment plants. One wastewater treatment plant is located in the Czech Republic and the other in Ukraine and both of them receive an input of wastewater corresponding to the category of 10 000 – 100 000 equivalent inhabitants. The thesis described the wastewater treatment processes, their energy intensity, legislation related to wastewater treatment and energy intensity. Both WWTPs were compared with respect to their power consumption and their efficiency. Based on the obtained data, the processes that consume the most electrical energy were identified to ensure sustainable and efficient operation of the WWTPs.
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Testing of aeration elements
Špunarová, Kateřina ; Úterský, Michal (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
In the bachelor thesis entitled testing of aeration elements, research is carried out on aeration systems and aeration elements used at wastewater treatment plants. The practical part describes the methodology of measurement and evaluation of data from the testing of specific aeration elements. The aim of the work is the comparison of certain parameters such as oxygenation capacity, opening pressures and energy consumption. These parameters can have a significant impact on the efficiency and operating costs of wastewater treatment plants.
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Handling and disposal of septic water
Petrušková, Kateřina ; Macsek, Tomáš (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The Bachelor’s thesis is focused on septic water, it’s handling and disposal. The thesis consists of research on the characteristics of wastewater and objects for septic water accumulation. The practical part deals with the analysis of collected septic water samples and the values of wastewater pollution indicators. In addition, options for the design of septic water treatment technologies are presented.
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Effect of effluent from wastewater treatment plants on karst rivers
Schrimpelová, Kateřina ; Gruberová, Eva (referee) ; Malá, Jitka (advisor)
Karst rivers are special type of rivers because of their hydrography conditions. They usually flow from non-karst area and as soon as they reach in to the karst area they disappear underground. There, they flow through cavities until they reach the surface again. The aim of this thesis is to assess the impact of water outflow from wastewater treatment plant on karst rivers. The study was done in the central area of CHKO Moravský kras where the impact of two WWTP on a cave system Rudické propadání – Býčí skála is evaluated. As a part of this study a half-year monitoring was carried out, which consisted of water sampling once every two weeks. In total, 13 water samples were taken from 8 sampling points. Also 4 additional one-time samples were taken from the cave system. Moreover, flow rate, temperature, conductivity, oxygen concentration and pH were measured at the sampling point. Afterwards, the content of undissolved solids, CODCr, BOD, N-NH4+, N-NO2-, N-NO3-, P-PO43- and total phosphorus were determined in the samples. The change of parameters in time and during the flow in the river was observed from the measured values. The balance of pollutants in particular parts of the river was calculated. The outflow values from waste water treatment plants were compared to the emission limits for surface waters and the parameters of rivers were compared to the environmental quality standards. According to the results, it can be observed that the water quality improves after passing through the cavities. It was proven that the outflows from the observed waste water treatment plants are negatively influencing the water streams. The most serious problem is the wash up of sludge from WWTP Rudice and its consequent sedimentation in the river and/or outflow to the Rudické propadání.
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Optimizing the operation of wastewater treatment plants
Singrová, Veronika ; Bábíček, Richard (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate two selected wastewater treatment plants and to propose appropriate measures related to optimization of operation. Wastewater treatment plants are from the Jihomoravský and Zlínský regions and both come under the category 2 001 - 10 000 equivalent inhabitants. In the diploma thesis there is an assessment of construction objects, machinery, cleaning efficiency and energy performance of both WWTPs. The calculations are based on the real measured values for the last three years and on the basic parameters of individual objects and equipment. The present state of the two wastewater treatment plants is summarized and optimization proposals are sorted by importance.
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Design of WWTP at locality with extreme demands on quality of treated wastewater
Krupica, Radek ; Vachovec, Roman (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the wastewater treatment technologies by means of which high quality of the treated wastewater is attained, especially with regard to removing nutrients. The introduction of the thesis contains, among others, descriptions of the reserves in the Czech Republic where it is extremely important to insist on the highest quality of the discharged wastewaters. Then follows a summary of the quality requirements on the discharged wastewaters as stipulated in the legislation. Furthermore, I analyse the impact of the nutrients – nitrogen and phosphorus – on the environment and the principles of their removal from the wastewaters. In the next section I concentrate on the technological processes by means of which the required quality of the wastewater is achieved. The conclusion includes a list of technologies used as the tertiary wastewater treatments with emphasis on membrane technologies. The second part of my thesis is a study of a project of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) with membrane technology for the villages of Sloup and Šošůvka located within the protected landscape area of Moravian Karst.
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Alternative solution and strength check of mechanical screens
Sommer, Matěj ; Malach, František (referee) ; Malášek, Jiří (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with a new design of bar screens. The goal was to come up with an alternative design to already existing device by INKOS a. s. In the first part, there is a summary of various machines working in similiar conditions. The insights gained by this research influenced the design of the new device. It utilizes well proven solutions from previous projects, but some of these were reworked and a few new functions were added. Second part of the thesis describes the analytical solutions, which were used to determine the forces in the assembly during the operation of the device. Based on the results of these calculations, a strength analysis of important components was performed using the finite element method. The result of this thesis is the design and optimization of new bar screens, including engineering drawings and tools for its further development.
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Biological pretreatment sewages water
Veselý, Václav ; Beňo, Zdeněk (referee) ; Pěček, Jan (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis deals with waste water purification at the stage of pre-inflow of water into the biological waste water treatment plants. It is divided into two parts, a theoretical and calculation. The theoretical part deals about sewage water and the method of biological treatment. Design proposal is part of the activation tank for quantity EO.
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Wastewater treatment plants for municipalities with gravitational inflow
Benešová, Irena ; Vachovec, Roman (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
Diploma thesis is aimed on description of wastewater treatment plant with gravitational inflow. Focus is on WWTP in the Czech Republic, particularly in the South Moravia region - in this aspect the thesis presents relevant statistics like the number of WWTP per region and the total, capacity of WWTP per region and their substance load on inflow /outflow. The recherche is also limited according to the core subject of theoretical part, which is technology of small WWTP in the category up to 2000 equivalent habitants. The experimental part presents comparsion of particular wastewater treatment plant of this category in the South Moravia region: one with gravitational inflow and one with inflow pump station. The examined wastewater treatment plant are compared according to substance load, hydraulic load and technology. Thesis is concluded with a review of the different operation parameters of the both types of WWTP.
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