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Analysis of Term Structures in High Frequencies
Nedvěd, Adam ; Baruník, Jozef (advisor) ; Červinka, Michal (referee)
This thesis represents an in-depth empirical study of the dependence structures within the term structure of interest rates. Firstly, a comprehensive overview of term structure modelling literature and methods is provided together with a summary of theoretical notions regarding the use of high-frequency data and spectral analysis. Contrary to most studies, the frequency-domain approach is employed, with a special focus on dependency across various quantiles of the joint distribution of the term structure. The main results are obtained using the quantile cross-spectral analysis, a new robust and non-parametric method allowing to uncover dependence structures in quantiles of the joint distribution of multivariate time series. The results are estimated using a dataset consisting of 15 years worth of high-frequency tick-by-tick time series of US Treasury futures. Complex dependence structures are revealed showing signs of both cyclicity and dependence in various parts of the joint distribution of the term structure in the frequency domain. JEL Classification C49, C55, C58, E43, G12, G13 Keywords term structure of interest rates, yield curves, high-frequency analysis, spectral analysis, inter- est rate futures Author's e-mail adam.nedved@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail barunik@fsv.cuni.cz
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Analysis of Term Structures in High Frequencies
Nedvěd, Adam ; Baruník, Jozef (advisor) ; Červinka, Michal (referee)
This thesis represents an in-depth empirical study of the dependence structures within the term structure of interest rates. Firstly, a comprehensive overview of term structure modelling literature and methods is provided together with a summary of theoretical notions regarding the use of high-frequency data and spectral analysis. Contrary to most studies, the frequency-domain approach is employed, with a special focus on dependency across various quantiles of the joint distribution of the term structure. The main results are obtained using the quantile cross-spectral analysis, a new robust and non-parametric method allowing to uncover dependence structures in quantiles of the joint distribution of multivariate time series. The results are estimated using a dataset consisting of 15 years worth of high-frequency tick-by-tick time series of US Treasury futures. Complex dependence structures are revealed showing signs of both cyclicity and dependence in various parts of the joint distribution of the term structure in the frequency domain. JEL Classification C49, C55, C58, E43, G12, G13 Keywords term structure of interest rates, yield curves, high-frequency analysis, spectral analysis, inter- est rate futures Author's e-mail adam.nedved@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail barunik@fsv.cuni.cz
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Updating the Ultimate Forward Rate over Time: a Possible Approach
Žigraiová, Diana ; Jakubík, Petr
This study proposes a potential methodological approach to be used by regulators when updating the Ultimate Forward Rate (UFR) for the evaluation of insurers’ liabilities beyond the last liquid point observable in the market. Our approach is based on the optimisation of two contradictory aspects – stability and accuracy implied by economic fundamentals. We use U.S. Treasury term structure data over the period 1985-2015 to calibrate an algorithm that dynamically revises the UFR based on the distance between the value implied by the long-term growth of economic fundamentals in a given year and the regulatory value of the UFR valid in the prior year. We employ both the Nelson-Siegel and Svensson models to extrapolate yields over maturities of 21-30 years employing the selected value of the UFR and compare them with the observed yields using the mean square error statistic. Furthermore, we optimise the parameters of the proposed UFR formula by minimising the defined loss function capturing both mentioned factors.
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Behavior of bonds conditioned by negative interest rates
Biljakov, Nik ; Stádník, Bohumil (advisor) ; Galuška, Jiří (referee)
Current economic situation is characterized for deflation and low inflation, low economic growth, and low or negative interest rates, which lead to phenomenon of issuing governments bonds with negative yield. The main goal of this work is to understand the valuation and behavior of bonds with condition of negative interest rates, analyze impacts of negative rates on volatility of bonds. This work also compares the behavior of negative yields of bonds in contrast with positive yields. The contribution of this work consists in the critical evaluation of limitations of the formula for calculating the bond price to fulfill its role if the values of negative interest rates are too low.
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