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Andean Spanish as a product of contact with Quechua and Aymara
Rataj, Vlastimil ; Zavadil, Bohumil (advisor) ; Vrhel, František (referee) ; Zajícová, Lenka (referee)
Andská španělština jako produkt kontaktu s kečuánštinou a ajmarštinou Andean Spanish as a product of contact with Quechua and Aymara Disertační práce Vedoucí práce: Vlastimil Rataj 2014 prof. PhDr. Bohumil Zavadil, CSc. Abstrakt Andská španělština je varianta španělštiny používané v andských oblastech od jižní Kolumbie po severozápadní Argentinu a vznikla jako produkt kontaktu s místními indiánskými jazyky, kečuánštinou a ajmarštinou. V této práci, na základě kvalitativního zpracování části korpusu získaného při terénním výzkumu v jižním Peru (Cuzco), analyzuji některé typické rysy místní andské španělštiny, srovnávám je s kečuánštinou a snažím se prokázat, zda se jedná o transferenci z kečuánštiny. V úvodních částech je přehled klasifikace americké španělštiny v andských zemích, základní informace o místních indiánských jazycích a popis kečuánské gramatiky srovnávaný se španělštinou. V závěru práce je přehled studovaných jevů. Klíčová slova: andská španělština, španělština, kečuánština, jazykový kontakt, Cuzco, Peru Abstract Andean Spanish is a variety of Spanish used in Andean region from south Colombia to south-west Argentina, and it emerged as a product of contact with local Amerindian languages, Quechua and Aymara. In this thesis, based on a qualitative analysis of a part of a corpus obtained during a...
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Spanish vowels in Czech students' interlanguage
Černikovská, Štěpánka ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zajícová, Lenka (referee) ; Skarnitzl, Radek (referee)
(English) The dissertation explores the vowel system of Czech L3 Spanish, focusing on three facets of its architecture: vowel quality (following SLM by Flege 1995, 1999, 2003), vowel quantity and vocalic sequences between words. Preliminary studies (Čechová 2013, 2014) suggest that there might be some evidence for the Mechanism of Equivalence in Czech L3 Spanish, since the vowel spaces of both languages consist of the same categories, with different phonetic realizations. Hence, the more similar the sounds are, the harder it is to capture the relevant difference, necessary to attain native-like pronunciation. Vowel quantity, being traditionally associated with the phonological feature of length in Czech (Palková 1994), is not present in Spanish, and compensating for that property, some Czech speakers tend to pronounce accented syllables with extraordinarily longer durations. Finally, vowel sequences in Spanish are usually subjetct to resyllabification, whereas Czech prefers glottalization to keep morphemes of words separated. These predictions were tested in 22 university Czech students with advanced level of Spanish (C1-C1). Subsequent analysis revealed consistent inclination towards L1 in terms of vowel quality, in less extent in vowel quantity, and although the prevalecent strategy for majority...
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Spanish vowels in Czech students' interlanguage
Černikovská, Štěpánka ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zajícová, Lenka (referee) ; Skarnitzl, Radek (referee)
(English) The dissertation explores the vowel system of Czech L3 Spanish, focusing on three facets of its architecture: vowel quality (following SLM by Flege 1995, 1999, 2003), vowel quantity and vocalic sequences between words. Preliminary studies (Čechová 2013, 2014) suggest that there might be some evidence for the Mechanism of Equivalence in Czech L3 Spanish, since the vowel spaces of both languages consist of the same categories, with different phonetic realizations. Hence, the more similar the sounds are, the harder it is to capture the relevant difference, necessary to attain native-like pronunciation. Vowel quantity, being traditionally associated with the phonological feature of length in Czech (Palková 1994), is not present in Spanish, and compensating for that property, some Czech speakers tend to pronounce accented syllables with extraordinarily longer durations. Finally, vowel sequences in Spanish are usually subjetct to resyllabification, whereas Czech prefers glottalization to keep morphemes of words separated. These predictions were tested in 22 university Czech students with advanced level of Spanish (C1-C1). Subsequent analysis revealed consistent inclination towards L1 in terms of vowel quality, in less extent in vowel quantity, and although the prevalecent strategy for majority...
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Andean Spanish as a product of contact with Quechua and Aymara
Rataj, Vlastimil ; Zavadil, Bohumil (advisor) ; Vrhel, František (referee) ; Zajícová, Lenka (referee)
Andská španělština jako produkt kontaktu s kečuánštinou a ajmarštinou Andean Spanish as a product of contact with Quechua and Aymara Disertační práce Vedoucí práce: Vlastimil Rataj 2014 prof. PhDr. Bohumil Zavadil, CSc. Abstrakt Andská španělština je varianta španělštiny používané v andských oblastech od jižní Kolumbie po severozápadní Argentinu a vznikla jako produkt kontaktu s místními indiánskými jazyky, kečuánštinou a ajmarštinou. V této práci, na základě kvalitativního zpracování části korpusu získaného při terénním výzkumu v jižním Peru (Cuzco), analyzuji některé typické rysy místní andské španělštiny, srovnávám je s kečuánštinou a snažím se prokázat, zda se jedná o transferenci z kečuánštiny. V úvodních částech je přehled klasifikace americké španělštiny v andských zemích, základní informace o místních indiánských jazycích a popis kečuánské gramatiky srovnávaný se španělštinou. V závěru práce je přehled studovaných jevů. Klíčová slova: andská španělština, španělština, kečuánština, jazykový kontakt, Cuzco, Peru Abstract Andean Spanish is a variety of Spanish used in Andean region from south Colombia to south-west Argentina, and it emerged as a product of contact with local Amerindian languages, Quechua and Aymara. In this thesis, based on a qualitative analysis of a part of a corpus obtained during a...
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Theoretical aspects of vocabulary variability in American Spanish. Diachrony and synchrony
Mištinová, Anna ; Zavadil, Bohumil (advisor) ; Zajícová, Lenka (referee) ; Binková, Simona (referee)
Theoretical aspects of vocabulary variability in American Spanish Diachrony and synchrony Anna Mištinová Abstract As a multinational and multicultural language, the Spanish language offers, despite its unity, a large number of differences on all linguistic planes. This dissertation's subject consists of an examination of fundamental theoretical questions concerning the variation of American Spanish's vocabulary on a diachronous and synchronous level. A diatopic approach in particular is employed with a focus on geographic-linguistic aspects. Based on theories of variation and other general theoretical aspects, an analysis is conducted on the differences and divergences of the lexicon in Hispano-American variations, on the main sources and causes of changes in comparison with European Spanish, on the origin and nature of the language in the early phases of the New World's conquering and the innovative influence of autochthonous substrates and adstrates. Linguistic contacts made in both the past and present occupy a significant place in this examination, and an emphasis is placed on the Spanish - indigenous languages - English triangle. Another area of focus consists of loanwords in Hispanic America, the process of their adaptation and assimilation. Also among the wide range of theoretical questions that this...
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Social Welfare for Persons with Mental Disabilities - A Comparison of the State and Non-State Sectors
Zajícová, Lenka ; Strnadová, Iva (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee)
The aim of my thesis is to describe and compare sociál institutions for the mentally ill based on the institution founder. Parents' opinions on the quality of the services offered are dealt with as well. The theoretical part is focused on basic terminology, definitions, classifications, psychological specifications, education and training of the mentally disabled people. The core of my thesis is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the comparison of the institutions based on their founder, where a questionnaire was used. The second part pursues the opinions of parents whose mentally disabled children regularly have daily or week-long stays in these institutions. In this part of my study I used interviews to gain my research material. I will use the information and knowledge gained during my study and the results of my thesis to improve the quality of my own work in the institution and also as enlightenment for communication with other people.
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