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The relationship between the state and religious communitites in the USA
Krauzová, Tereza ; Horák, Záboj (advisor) ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (referee)
The relationship between the state and religious communities in the USA Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to introduce the relevant aspects of the relationship between the state and religious communities in the United States of America. The focus of the thesis lies in the introduction of the development of interpretation of both religious clauses of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution by the Supreme Court, especially in the 20th century. This thesis aims to show, how both religious clauses, even though they were created to serve the same purpose, are in some cases interpreted in a contradicting way. The thesis also elaborates on religious freedom in the sensitive environment of armed forces, as the soldiers depend totally on services provided to them by the government. In the final part, the thesis introduces certain exceptions from the generally applicable legal provisions for the churches and religious legal entities, as well as recent development from the perspective of admitting religious freedom to business corporations. Keywords: freedom of religion, Constitution of the United States, First Amendment, churches, Supreme Court, USA
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The relationship between the state and church in the post-war history of Czechoslovak and Czech nationhood. A comparison of the legal status of churches under the Communist regime and today
Ptáčník, Michal ; Gronský, Ján (advisor) ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (referee)
Resume The goal of this paper is to describe the situation of churches and religious societies with respect to the legal system, through the changes that affected the Czech legal systém throughout the recent half of the century. Because it is impossible to fully deal with the entirety of the history of state and law over the century, it will focus on the developments during the totalitarian regime of the Communist party and on the results thereof. The main goal is therefore to make a comparison, this will be a comparativistic endeavor, and there will not only statutes and legal documents be described, but also the practical applications of these statutes and documents, and there will be focus on theoretical and constitutional basis behind the laws. Unfortunately, with the constrains of the current format, it is impossible to fully describe even one era of Czech statehood, therefore there will be an arbitrary selection of topics on which the facts will be demonstrated and from which they will be extrapolated. The other topics will only be adressed to in a general manner. Also, it is not possible to include in full the divergent approaches of law towards the various individual churches. Some of those differences can be shown, in part, but not all of them, fully. The paper therefore needs to focus of one...
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Membership in churches and religious societies in the Czech Republic
Knapová, Veronika ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee)
The author deals with the question of the church legal regulation of membership of every Church registered in the Czech Republic under current law by the end of the year 2007. The author used current church legal regulations and abstracted the membership from given angles such as the conditions necessary to become a Church member, the rights and obligations of the Church members in particular in the area of the Church self-government, belonging to a congregation, membership with full rights and without full rights, the church surveillence, and anticipated modalities of the membership termination throughout the members live. The outcome of the work generally summarizes membership criterias common to all Churches registered in the Czech Republic and lists potentiallities of every examined aspect of the church memberhip. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Funding of Churches in the Czech Lands in 20th Century
Pustina, Radek ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
Funding of Churces in the Czech Lands in 20th Century The aim of my Master's degrese thesis is to describe the evolution of the system of financing of churches and religious societies in the Czech lands during the 20th century. I have also focused on future possibilities for church financing with regard to the foreign regulation. The thesis is composed of ten chapters. The first chapter deals with various models of the relationship between state and church existing in the world and their implications for raising funds for church activities. The following six chapters focus on the financing of churches in different historical periods. The second chapter concentrates on the situation in the Czech lands as part of the Austrian monarchy. There is described the formation and function of religious funds and the introduction of state subsidies to clergy. The third chapter deals with the First Republic, and mainly land reform and its implications for church finances. The fourth chapter deals with the position of the Church during the Second Republic and the Nazi occupation. The next section describes the occupation of church property by the state, I analyze there disputes about the application of the Benes decrees of confiscation of churches property and new land acts. Replacement the financing of the...
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Nazi Occupation of the Czech Frontiers and Czech Lands
Pakandl, Josef ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
The thesis deals with impact of the Nazi occupation on the church administration. The aim is to describe as thoroughly as possible the results of the occupation of the Czech borderland as well as remaining area Bohemia and Moravia for the church administration and also to touch some other questions related to this theme. I chose this topic because of my interest in history. The issues of churches and religion societies are also close to me. During writing Master's degree thesis I studied special literature and I visited bishopric in České Budějovice and National archive. The work is divided into nine chapters. The first chapter deals with the occupation of the Czech borderland by German army and subsequent government at this region. The second chapter describes the impact of the occupation on the Roman Catholic Church administration, namely administration in individual dioceses, commissariats of Wroclaw archdiocese on the Czech territory, attempts to fill the vacancy of diocesan bishops from the part of the Apostolic See and consequences for the structure of congregations. The third chapter outlines German church politics and its impact on the church life in the occupied borderland, especially relationship of believers to the national issue, German steps aimed against churches, persecution of...
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Changes in canon law after the Second Vatican Council
Surmánek, Miroslav ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
Resumé In my thesis, I tried to focus on the most important aspects of the changes in the Canon law of the Catholic Church after the II Vatican Council. From the very beginning I tried to understand the historical background of the Catholic Church, foundations on which Legal system began to be build. The Canon law of the Catholic Church has changed many times in the history. I tried to follow those changes across the centuries to the beginning of 20th Century when the Canon law was codified. Pope Pius X ordered that work begin on reducing diverse documents into single code, presenting the normative portion in the form of systematic short canons shorn of the preliminary considerations and omitting those parts that had been superseded by later developments. The Code was promulgated in 1917 as Code of Canon law, by his successor, Pope Benedict XV. For the most part, it applied only to the Latin Church except when "it treats of things that, by their nature, apply to the Oriental". Wide reception of normative of Canon law was considered as a "masterpiece of legal work". Social, political and economical changes during 20th Century have had it's consequences also in the field of the Canon law. Some parts of the 1917 Code became obsolete under the new circumstances. In 1959, Pope John XXIII announced together with...
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