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Antioxidant activity of some cultivars of Sambucus nigra L. fruits.
Nehybová, Monika ; Spilková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
8. Abstract The fruit of the European elder, Sambucus nigra L., is used in therapy as a drug Sambuci fructus for its diaphoretic, diuretic and laxative effects. Cultivars of European elder are being studied for the use in the food industry and pharmacy. The fruit contains especially large amount of anthocyanins and flavonoids that are known for their antioxidant activity. The aim of this work is to measure the antioxidant activity of the drug Sambuci fructus and of the fruit of the European elder cultivars Samdal, Mammut, Sambo, Sambu, Sampo, Bohatka, Haschberg, Weihenstephan, Allesö, and Samyl. An extract containing anthocyanins was obtained from fruit by a process based on extraction of frozen material with acidified water at high temperature, followed by separation with polymer non-ionogenic polystyrene-divinylbenzene sorbent. The content of anthocyanins in the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically using a modified pH-differential method. The absorbance was measured along the range of 350 - 600 nm. The content of the anthocyanins was quantified in units of mg of cyanidin 3-glucoside in 1 ml of extract. The content ranged from 0.33 - 2.76 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside/ml of extract. The highest content was in the extract from the fruit of the cultivar Samdal and the lowest was of the cultivar Mammut....
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In vitro cultures of medicinal plants - XVI
Sedláčková, Veronika ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Martin, Jan (referee)
Medicinal plant cultures in vitro - XVI The subject of this diploma thesis is the evaluation of secondary metabolites production in Silybum marianum, (L.) Gaertn. cultures in vitro after elicitor treatment. The aim of the study was to find if an abiotic elicitor 5-tert-butyl-N-(4- chlorbenzyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide increases the flavonolignan production Silybum marianum cultures in vitro. Experiment was carried out in callus and suspension cultures of Silybum marianum using Murashige - Skoog nutrient medium supplemented with 10 mg/l α-naphthylacetic acid. The elicitor was added in the form of solution in three different concentrations (C1 = 3. 292.10-3 mol/l, C2 = 3. 292.10-4 mol/l and C3 = 3. 292.10-5 mol/l) and it was affecting 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours. The content of flavonolignans was determined by HPLC. The maximum flavonolignan production (0. 280 mg.g-1 DW) in callus culture was observed after 24 hours of elicitor application in concentration of C2 = 3. 292.10-4 mol/l, when the highest content of silychristin was detected. The second significant increase in flavonolignan production (0. 271 mg.g-1 DW) in callus culture was noticeable after 12 hours of elicitor treatment in concentration of C3 = 3. 292.10-5 mol/l, when the highest increase in silydianin and silybin B accumulation was found. The...
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Possibilities of affecting secondary metabolites production in "in vitro" cultures of medicinal plants
Sojková, Kristýna ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Martin, Jan (referee)
1 ABSTRACT Possibilities of affecting secondary metabolites production in in vitro cultures of medicinal plants Elicitation is one of the methods used for increasing the production of secondary metabolites.The aim of this work was to affect the flavonoid production in callus and suspension cultures of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.). Abiotic elicitor selendioxide in various concentrations (9.012.10-3 mol/l; 9.012.10-4 mol/l; 9.012.10-5 mol/l) was added in in vitro culture. The content of flavonoids was determinated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The samples were taken after 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 168 hours after elicitor treatment. Selendioxide raised the production of hyperoside and quercitrin. The highest content of hyperoside (0.2 %) was detected after selendioxide (in concentration of 9.012.10-3 mol/l) treatment and 168 hours sampling in suspension culture. The highest production of quercitrin (0.37 %) was reached after selendioxide treatment (in concentration of 9.012.10-3 mol/l) and 6 hours sampling also in suspension culture. Production of flavonoids in callus cultures wasn't so much affected in comparison with suspension cultures after elicitor treatment. Flavonoid releasing into nutrient medium was also studied. The highest content of hyperosid (1.02 mg/100ml) was found in...
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Optimization of cultivation conditions for plant tissue culture of Catalpa bignonioides grown in bioreactor
Kubešová, Zuzana ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
Zuzana Kubešová Optimization of cultivation conditions for plant tissue culture of Catalpa bignonioides grown in bioreactor Abstract This advanced master thesis is focused on cultivation of plant cultures in vitro. In addition impact of sampled phytohormones (naphthylacetic acid - NAA, benzylaminopurine - BAP, 2,4 - dichlorphenoxyacetic acid - 2,4 - D) and impact of sampled precursors (sodium mevalonate, oxaloacetic acid, phenylalanine) on production of secondary metabolites is duly evaluated. Volume of iridoids and phenylpropanoic acids is measured using HPLC method. Use of phytohormones increases the volume only when applying NAA of caffeic acid. Neither grow ratio nor total volume of biomass are impacted by application of phytohormones. Sodium mevalonate is most affecting the grow ratio when used in concentration c2. Volume of catalpol has increased by 700% in 168 hours; volume of caffeic acid has increased in 260% in the same timeframe. On the contrary, oxaloacetic acid decreases the volume of caffeic acid in comparison to control sample. Phenylalanine has the higest impact on volume of caffeic acid (633% in 168 hours) when used in concentration c2.
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Hypericum perforatum in vitro- abiotická elicitace
Majerová, Jitka ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Martin, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Farmacognosy Candidate Mgr. Jitka Majerová Consultant Doc. PharmDr. Lenka Tůmová, CSc. Title of Thesis Hypericum perforatum in vitro- abiotická elicitace The effect of cerium chloride at 3 different levels of concentration (4,0571x 10-3 mol/l, 4,0571x 10-4 mol/l, 4,0571x 10-5mol/l) on production of hyperoside in cell and suspension culture of Hypericum perforatum L. was studied. The sample were taken after elicitation in fixed time period 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours after elicitation. The colntrol sample (without elicitor treatment) ware taken after 24 and 168 hours. The sample ware analysed by HPLC method. Cerium chloride influenced hyperoside production in suspension and callus cultures. The highes content of hyperosid (0,27 mg/g DW) ware reached in suspension culture after cerium chloride treatment at concentration of c2 (4,0571x 10-4 mol/l) after 48 hours. Callus and suspension cultures did not release any hyperoside into nutrient medium.
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Thesis The effect of flavoinoids and chosen chelators on the oxidation of natural substances
Malá, Marie ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
Mgr. Marie Malá, Thesis The effect of flavoinoids and chosen chelators on the oxidation of natural substances, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, 2014, 67 pages. Thesis "The effect of flavonoids and chosen chelators on the oxidation of natural substances" deals with Fenton's reaction. For the needs of this work it means the effect of chosen flavonoids and chelators on oxidation of salicylic acid in presence of peroxide and ferrous ions. Chelators were efficient antioxidants at very low concentrations, but inefficient or pro-oxidative at higher concentrations. The most significant antioxidant effect of flavonoid genistein was estabilished at pH 4,15, pH optimum was in range 3,3 - 5,91.
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Influencing of secondary compounds production in plant cultures in vitro
Janoutová, Martina ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Influencing of secondary compounds production in plant cultures in vitro The effect of chemical compound MD680/II as abiotic elicitor (3-{[3- (trifluoromethyl)benzyl]amino}pyrazine-2-carboxamide), in concentration of 3,3756.10-3 mol/l, 3,3756.10-4 mol/l and 3,3756.10-5 mol/l on the routine production in Fagopyrum esculentum L. callus and suspension culture was investigated. Callus and suspension culture was cultivated in Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium suplemented with (2, 4 - D) as the growth regulator with luminous period 16 h light and 8 h darkness at 25 řC. The samples were taken in 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 h after elicitor exposition. The control samples were taken in 24 and 168 h. The amount of routine was defined by High performance liquid chromatography. The highest increase of routine content in callus culture was most apparent after elicitor application of 3,3756.10-3 mol/l and 168 h sampling (1,28 mg.g-1 DW), in concentration of 3,3756.10-4 mol/l and 72 h sampling (0,49 mg.g-1 DW) and in concentration of 3,3756.10-5 mol/l and 12 h sampling (0,26 mg.g-1 DW). The highest increase of routine content in suspension culture was apparent after elicitor treatment in contrentation of 3,3756.10-4 mol/l and 168 h sampling (0,32 mg.g-1 DW), in concentration of 3,3756.10-3 mol/l and 48 h and 72...
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In vitro cultures of medicinal plants - XIV
Majerová, Jitka ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
62 10 ABSTRACT The object of this study was the influence of abiotic elicitor on the production of rutin in suspension culture of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. The culture was cultivated in Murashigeho and Skoog nutritive medium with growth regulator: 2,4−dichlorfenoxyacetic acid (1 ml/l). The ultrasound was used as abiotic elicitor (0,1 W/cm3 , 35 kHz) for time period of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min. The samples were taken 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours after elicitation. The kontrol samples (without the influence of ultrasound) were taken 24 and 168 hours after elicitation. The amount of rutin was analyzed by HPLC. Suspension culture of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. didn't produce any rutin under the influence of ultrasound. No release of rutin into the nutritive medium was observed during this study.
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In vitro cultures of medicinal plants XVII
Cinková, Lucie ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Martin, Jan (referee)
Milk thistle, Silybum marianum L. Gaertn., is a source of flavonoid taxifolin and flavonolignans - silymarin complex (silybin, silydianin, silycristin and isosilybin). Milk thistle is usually obtained by field cultivation. Alternative way for getting the active components, is the use of in vitro cultures. But the production of secondary metabolites by the in vitro cultures is low in comparison with plant. One of the possibilites how to increase this produciton is the method of elicitation. In this study, ethephon as the elicitor, in the concentrations of 500 µmol/l, 400 µmol/l, 200 µmol/l, 100 µmol/l and 50 µmol/l was used with the aim to increase secondary metabolite production in suspension and callus cultures. The effect of ethephon was compared to its inhibitor (AgNO3, 120 µmol/l). The levels of flavonolignans and taxifolin were measured by the method of HPLC. The samples were taken 24, 48, 72, 96 and 168 hours after the ethephon application and inhibitor treatment. The nutrient medium of suspension culture was also tested for the possibity of secondary metabolites releasing into medium. The highest content of flavonoid taxifolin was found in the suspension culture medium after 48 h treatment with ethephon in conc. of 400 µmol/l. The level of taxifolin was increased by 197-fold to 1,97 mg/100...
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World War 1 in Czech and World Literature
Tůmová, Lenka ; Mocná, Dagmar (advisor) ; Peterka, Josef (referee)
in English language This bachelor thesis deals with the comparison of the World War I reaction in Czech and world literature. Three works from the Czech literature and two novels from the world literature were chosen. Each of them has been analysed regarding its composition, characters and the main idea. The main focus was on how the war effected the human behaviour. In the analyses the historical context and individual authors were taken into account. In the course of writing the thesis was found out that the WWI reactions differ in many ways regarding for the authors' intentions, their personal war experience and also for the war situation which each of the authors' home country was in.
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