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Pheromonal communication in precopulatory behaviour of bumblebees (Hymenoptery, Apidae, Bubmus).
Hovorka, Oldřich ; Král, David (advisor) ; Stejskal, Václav (referee) ; Nedvěd, Oldřich (referee)
XIII. ZÁVĚR 1 + 2) Bylo jednoznačně prokázáno, že čmelák klamavý (B. confusus) není v rámci rodu Bombus svou prekopulační strategií vyjímečný a že není druhem, jehož samci nepoužívají feromon k získání partnerek. Složení jeho samčího značkovacího feromonu bylo detailně popsáno stejně jako jeho prekopulační strategie, která plně odpovídá ostatním druhům se strategií číhání (perching behavior). 3) Analýzou samčího značkovacího feromonu bylo u vzorků získaných v různých částech ČR v rozdílných biotopech a nadmořských výškách prokázáno, že z druhové skupiny čmeláka hájového (B. lucorum) je dominantním a jediným v testovaných vzorcích přítomným druhem právě druh B. (s. str.) lucorum (L., 1761). Zbylé dva druhy, dříve hlášené z území ČR, jsou zde pravděpodobně vzácné a potvrzení jejich výskytu na našem území je jedním z úkolů do dalších let výzkumu. 4) U čmeláka ovocného (B. pomorum) bylo jako u prvního zástupce podrodu Rhodobombus popsáno složení samčího značkovacího feromonu. To je v rámci celého rodu Bombus unikátní absencí obvykle přítomných těkavých látek. To spolu se silnou redukcí hlavové části labiální žlázy a celkově nízkou dávkou i koncentrací přítomných, málo těkavých uhlovodíků vyvolává otázky, zda je prekopulační strategie tohoto druhu zcela shodná s ostatními patrolujícími druhy, mezi které je...
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Juvenoids and juvenogens - possibilities of their use for pest management of herbivorous incect
Jedlička, Pavel ; Jarošík, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Kodrík, Dalibor (referee) ; Stejskal, Václav (referee)
INTRODUCTION In my PhD thesis I am engagedin determinationand evaluationof effects of selectedju- venoids andjuvenogens'ofvarious chemical structuÍeson model insect species.Thesecom- pounds were tested using topical and per os application on the red firebug, Pyrhocoris apterus L., and applied via the broad bean, Vicia faba L., root system on the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphonpisum Huris. Theq basedon result obtainedfrom theseassays,I considered the suitabi|iý of thesecompoundsfor aphidmanagementandtheir potentialimpact on aphid predatorybeetles(Coleopter4 Coccinelidae). RESULTS The most importantdataobtainedAom testson P. apterus andA. pisum I presentedin the articleJedličkaet a|.(2007): The systemiceffectsofjuvenoids on the red firebugPyrrřocois qterus and on the pea aphidAcyrthosiphonpisumwith dataon life tableresponse JeďičkaP., Hrdý I.,Kuldová J. andWimmerZ. PestManagementscience63' 102ó.1035 Abstract A series ofjuvenoid ďcohols and theř glycosidic derivatives (uvenogens),synthe. sized atthe lnstituteof Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry (IOCB) in hague, com- mercially usedjuvenoids and the naturď derivativesofjuvabione were evaluatedfor their systemic juvenilizing effect on the red firebug, Pyrrhocoris apterus L., and onthe pea aphid Ácyrthosiphonpisum Harris' A life table Íesponseexperimentwas desiped,...
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The interaction between stored product arthropods and pathogenic microorganisms causing hazard effect tot he consumers
Wofková, Gabriela ; Hubert, Jan (advisor) ; Stejskal, Václav (referee)
The ecological feeding interaction between arthropods and pathogens causes damage of stored plant commodities for human food and animal feed. This damage leads to loss of quality and quantity of stored products. The stored commodities are inhabited by microscopic fungi and various bacteria. These moulds are producing mycotoxins. The bacteria in stored products include human pathogens and also bacteria which are able to transfer the genes of antibiotic resistance. Fungivorous arthropods are able to distribute them to the new habitats and indirectly influence mycotoxin contained in stored food. They also disperse some bacteria of pathogenic influence on human or bacteria able to transfer genes of antibiotic resistance in stored plant commodities. The study summarizes possible risk effects of microbial and arthropods pest interaction to human.
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Precopulatory behavior in firebug Pyrrhocoris apterus
Křivánek, Miloš ; Jarošík, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Stejskal, Václav (referee)
The existing research works, dealing with pre-copulatory behaviour in Pyrrhocoris apterus (L.), show that this behaviour follows a simple pattern of mating. The aim of this work is to extend knowledge regarding this type of behaviour. Results were obtained by processing the video footage to monitor the behaviour of individuals of the Central European population (the Czech Republic) as occurred in the respective copulatory zone. Changes were observed in the occurrence and mating activity of each sex depending on climatic conditions and time. Furthermore, the course of individual phases of the mating behaviour, based on mutual interactions and under the influence of external factors, was also observed. These results were supplemented by adding data gained from laboratory experiments, taking place at a temperature of 22 ± 4 řC and involving a long- day type photoperiodic reaction. Based on the results gained, it had been revealed that the climatic conditions significantly influenced the course of behaviour. Individuals of both sexes are physically active during the photo-phase when the intensity of this activity changes in the course of the circadian rhythm. Females display a higher sensitivity to any variation in climate. Males who are influenced by the presence of receptive females show greater locomotive...
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Application of gel baits for control of pest cockroaches
Aulický, Radek ; Stejskal, Václav
The certified technological procedure was developed in order to support Czech national legislation 258/2000. The procedure is aimed at the control of pest cockroaches in agricultural and food industry premises using insecticide gel baits. The technological procedure contains new and original information on gel bait efficacy and instructions on their application under various environmental circumstances.
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Low-labour demanding technological procedure of monitoring of stored product beetles using traps with multi-component attractant
Stejskal, Václav ; Aulický, Radek
The aim of the work was to provide pest control, agricultural and food industry practice with information about multi-component monitoring tool for stored product pest beetles. It was evaluated the laboratory efficacy of a new trap „Multi-Insect-Trap“, containing combined pheromone and food attractant for several storage pests species. In small arenas (exposure: 74 hours, 25oC) was tested 6 species of stored product beetles. The efficacy decreased in the following order: Cryptolestes ferrugineus – 100%, Lasioderma serricorne – 100%, Oryzaephilus surinamensis - 70%, Stegobium paniceum - 70%, Sitophilus granarius – 60% and Tribolium castaneum- 40%. The work was supported by projects of Czech ministry of agriculture NAZV QH91146 and Vyzkumný zamer 0002700604.
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Certified technological procedure: antiresistant strategy for standard and spot phosphine fumigation of beetles infesting stored grain
Aulický, Radek ; Stejskal, Václav
Currently there is growing evidence on failures of many pesticides on stored product pests including toxic insecticide fumigants. The increasing resistance is frequently a result of suboptimal use in terms of good agricultural and technological practice during fumigations. The technological procedure contains set of practical instructions on PH3 treatment of grain stored in flat grain stores leading to decrease of risk of resistance evolution. Notably, the technological procedure contains new and original information and risk evaluation on PH3 “spot. fumigation” of grain i flats stores; It shows the spatial zone of efficacy and limits for usage of this method.
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