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Discourse Analysis of Islamic Terrorist Propaganda on the Internet
Fuxa, Filip ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Drulák, Petr (referee)
Diploma thesis Discourse Analysis of Islamic Terrorist Propaganda on the Internet uses the method of thematic discourse analysis to study jihadi discussion forums in the cyberspace. Since the beginning of the last decade of the 20th century the Internet has became one of the most powerful communication tools through which are jihadi terrorists able to reach thousands of Muslims worldwide. After the traditional Western media had intensively begun to filter terrorist messages shortly after 11/9/2001, jihadists found a perfect way how to draw attention of these media once more - not directly, but through the Internet communication which is widely used by traditional media as a source of their content. The first part of this thesis presents theoretical framework for the second, purely practical part. Firstly, this paper deals with propaganda as a form of communication, shows the Internet as a medium that has absorbed all other media, and analyses the terrorism spread through the Internet. The main part of this study focuses on the jihadi discourse, through which jihadists view the Islamic world as suffering under the oppression of the West to persuade passive Muslim audience to joint the jihad. This paper deals not only with different types of propaganda, but also with intentions of propagandists and the means...
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U.S. Intelligence Community Reform Post-9/11: Strengthening the U.S.'s Ability to Fight Terrorism?
Bernardyová, Alžběta ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Bureš, Oldřich (referee)
Diploma thesis "U.S. Intelligence Community Reform Post-9/11: Strengthening the U.S.'s Ability to Fight Terrorism?" examines the reform of the U.S. intelligence community after the terrorist attacks of 9/11 implemented in order to improve ability of the United States to counter terrorist threats. A simple input-output model developed within systems theory is used to evaluate the post-9/11 intelligence reform outputs on the basis of effectiveness and efficiency. The criteria of 'effectiveness' has been conceptualized as the ability of the intelligence community to prevent surprise attacks, whereas 'efficiency' has been operationalized as measures undertaken at the organizational level within the intelligence community in order to prevent terrorist attacks. The evidence presented in this thesis suggests that the U.S. intelligence community since 9/11 is mostly effective (i.e. there has not been any successful terrorist attack). However, it is not efficient due to organizational problems, which include lack of leadership, inability or unwillingness to cooperate and share information, and to provide the right incentives for current personnel and potential recruits to the intelligence community. These institutional deficiencies cause inefficiency of the intelligence community, which consequently endanger the...
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European Security at the Beginning of the Twenty First Century: At the Crossroads of the US and Russian Foreign Policies
Jović, Damjan ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
Bibliographic record JOVIC, Damjan. European Security at the Beginning o f the Tw'enty First Century: At the Crossroads of the US and Russian Foreign Policies. Prague: Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of International Studies, 2009. 69 p. Supervisor Doc. PhDr. Jiri Vykoukal, CS. Annotation The aim of this paper is to provide a clear view of the current conflict of the United States' and Russia's geopolitical and geostrategic interests in Europe. Furthermore, the author will try - by addressing the most relevant problems - to identify alternative scenarios that may result from this conflict in the near future. At the same time the author is advocating the point that tensions in relations between the US and Russia will not improve any time soon because of fundamentally confronted interests as well as because of the influence of realist logic that dominates the political spectrum on both sides. The author argues that the basis of the new security arrangement in Europe can emerge from the tightening of Russia-Germany relations (especially in the sphere of energy security) and more independent EU policies in the sphere of military affairs. This paper does not aim to address so called "new" and "asymmetrical" threats to national and international security (e.g. terrorism, immigration,...
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The Orientation of Czech Foreign and Security Policy: A Durable Atlantist?
O Donoghue, Cillian ; Hynek, Nikola (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
The aim of this dissertation is to investigate into the causes and the long term durability of Atlanticism in the Czech Republic. During the Iraq War the Czech Republic was labeled as part of ' "ew' Europe, a title given to all those states who sided with America over the European powers led by France and Germany . Over the past 6 years the Czech Republic has been subject to the process of Europeanization while major changes in the external environment have occurred. The research methods employed to answer the effect of these changes of the orientation of Czech Foreign and Security policy consisted of a wide review of the relevant literature, case studies and open ended interviews with policymakers and academics involved in the process. The findings of the research are that Czech Atlanticism is rooted in the nation's geo-political history but is also a strategic calculation on the part of Czech elites. However with a decline in Atlanticism has already begun to take place within Czech society as a result of decreased American interest in the CEE region and Russian activities in its near abroad. In conclusion current trends point to a future decline of Atlanticism in the Czech Republic the extent to which will be determined by four key variables, What type of EU emerges, which political party/coalition is in...
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Responsibility to Protect and Regime Change: Case of Libya
Koucká, Kateřina ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyze the relationship between R2P and violent regime change. The work gives an overview of the establishment of R2P on the international scene, and then deals with its problem of selectivity in its application in practice. Despite the formal adoption of R2P in 2005 by all UN member states, R2P has been since then applied to similar cases of humanitarian crises in different ways. The problem of selectivity of R2P is fuelling the criticism of its legitimacy, because it is according to many a mean for achieving regime change. The most important reason for R2P's criticism is the connection between R2P and violent regime change, and that is the central theme of this work. Based on an analysis of the documents which form R2P, the work concludes that military intervention under R2P must not be deliberately used for regime change. However, there may be situations, when regime change is necessary for the protection of civilians; which means that regime change can be regarded as legitimate only if it is as an indirect result of the intervention. Therefore regime change is an integral part of R2P. The work aims to explore this ambivalent relationship and find out, where lies the boundary between legitimate overthrowing of a régime for the protection of civilians, and regime...
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The Final Externalization of the Others and its Consequences for the Turkish Foreign Policy
Chvátal, Viktor ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of Turkish Foreign Policy (TFP) towards the sub- regions of Central Eurasia (the Middle East and Central Asia) in the period between 1991 and 2010. Theoretically, this thesis combines a modified version of social constructivism with the assumptions of critical geopolitics. Interconnecting social constructivism with the Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA), this thesis targets the domestic level of analysis. Therefore, the ideational background of the decision-makers is examined. Although, the potential impact of the identity variable on the TFP articulation is investigated after 1991 only, the genesis of the long-term identity conflict within the Turkish (Ottoman) society is also included in the analyses. Given the geopolitical part, this thesis draws upon the basic critical insight that the geopolitical argumentation is based on discursive rather than material factors. The aim is to identify the geopolitical metaphors which had been, in the examined period, applied while dealing with the above mentioned sub-regions. At this stage, the theoretical approaches are logically synthetized and the genesis and usage of the geopolitical metaphors is examined in relation to the identity of those who formulated them. This diploma thesis proves that the identity conflict...
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A construction of human trafficking in the Czech Republic
Černá, Steffi ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the construction of human trafficking in the Czech Republic. It presumes that human trafficking is not an objective problem that can be accurately quantified and described, but that there are discourse types which are used by actors to frame the topic. I have identified four discourse types: human trafficking as organized crime, human trafficking as migration, human trafficking as prostitution and human trafficking as forced labour. The main actors in this field use the various types of securitization to present the theme of human trafficking. I also use the securitization approach described by Claudia Aradau, like is politics of pity and politics of risk. This thesis asks questions, who are the main actors in this securitization process and how do they create it and which discourse topics do they use. The construction of human trafficking is examined by discursive analysis. The most important source of information is the official documents of the main actors and their interaction that frames the topic. Interesting is also clash between discourse and practice, which comes out of different discursive types. The last chapter asks whether the desecuritization would not be good way to follow.
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Perception of the Russian Threat in the Czech Political, and Administrative Discourse
Keřka, Ondřej ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
Perception of the Russian Threat in the Czech Political, and Administrative Discourse Abstract The goal of this diploma thesis is to find how the Russian threat is perceived in the Czech political, and administrative discourse. The author decided to use constructivism, and discourse analysis to achieve the goal. Concretely he was inspired by Teun A. van Dijk's approach. The author chose actors, which in his opinion are the most important for shaping of the Russian threat construct in the Czech political, and administrative discourse. There are two categories of chosen actors. First category is composed of relevant institutions: The President of the Czech Republic, and his office, and The Government of the Czech Republic. The author chose five sub-actors to represent the government: The Prime Minister of the Czech Republic, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, Ministry of the Defence and Armed Forces of the Czech Republic, Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic, and Ministry of Industry and Trade. Second category is aimed on parliamentary political parties, and movements in the Chamber of Deputies. The discourse could be characterized like fragmented. Chosen institutions mostly recognize possibility of Russian threatening behavior. They do not perceive any military threat for the Czech...
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Viktor Orban's National Hungarian Identity Construct - Securitization of 2015-2016 European Migrant Crisis as Existential Threat
Stein, Kenneth Cavanagh ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Political Studies Bc. Kenneth C. Stein Viktor Orbán's National Hungarian Identity Construct: Securitization of the 2015/2016 European Migrant Crisis as Existential Threat? Diplomová Práce Praha 2017 Autor práce: Bc. Kenneth C. Stein Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Vít Střitecký M. Phil., PhD. Oponent práce: Datum obhajoby: 2017 Hodnocení: Abstract: The current paper examines Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán's speech acts based on the preface that his language communicates political will, power, and serves as an outline for potential future political avenues. Orbán has been one of the most outspoken critics of the European Union's failure to adequately address the ongoing migrant crisis, as well as Europe's immigration issues. The aim of the thesis is to examine the language tools utilized by Orbán according to securitization theory. Utilizing elements of Wodak's Critical Discourse Analysis in combination with Tajfel and Turner's Social Identity Theory, the thesis provides analysis of the texts through the lens of Orbán's creation of a national Hungarian social identity construct as referent object being securitized against the migrant threat. Moreover, the thesis provides an overall analysis of Orbán's brand of Hungarian social identity...
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