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Příčiny a důsledky krize na trhu druhotných surovin
Gojišová, Ivana ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Šeflová, Jitka (referee)
Subject matter of the diploma thesis is a crisis on the market for secondary raw materials. The crisis was observed in the end of 2008 and in beginning of 2009. The diploma thesis is deal with current situation on the market for recycling and identifying its specifics. First, it is focused on the European Packaging Waste Directive institutional framework of the market for recycling. Consequently it is discussed how successful is implemented Directive in each European Union member country. The second chapter is about the market for recycling and about the recent crisis. In the third chapter we discover causes and consequences in connection with the collapse and we will confront with specialists through the interviews. In the last part of the diploma thesis is suggested original solution.
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The Regional Aspects of Secondary Raw Materials Market in the Czech Republic
Botková, Zuzana ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Hadrabová, Alena (referee)
This thesis deals with the market for secondary raw materials. First, basic terms are explained together with the close analysis of different interpretation of the term "waste" and "secondary raw material", next "recycling". Then general principles of the functioning of markets are applied to the issue of secondary raw materials. It is discussed if theoretical knowledges described below follow the reality of markets in which commodities produced from the solid waste are traded. After that structure of the market is analysed from the mikroeconomic perspective. The objective of the qualitative research was to determine the impacts of the crises on the regional market.
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Global economic recession on trhe market for secondary raw materials and its solutions with the view of institutional analysis
Osersová, Marta ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Šeflová, Jitka (referee)
At the end of 2008, the sector of secondary raw materials, as well as a major part of other sectors of economy, has been hit by a global economical recession. In comparison with usual incidences as sales, employment or payment problems, the recession had here, nevertheless, one specificity -- impact upon environment. The secondary raw materials are used to be employed by the manufacturers to the production of goods provided their price is lower than this of primary commodities. However, in the said period, consumer demand and production decreased, and in this consequence also prices of primary raw materials diminished heavily. Thereby the market of secondary raw materials practically stopped. But it was not possible to stop also their production, because recycling, process of secondary raw materials manufacture, is compulsory in the EU countries. Due to this situation, fears on the collapse of the whole system of waste separation occurred, but also different proposals for solutions of this problem appeared. Although the situation on the market for secondary raw materials in the latest months starts to be stabilized, this problem is always actual and that's why it became also theme of this dissertation. Thus, this diploma paper's objective is to make an attempt to characterize the current situation in the market for secondary raw materials with the exploitation of the institutional analysis and, subsequently, to examine its changes evoked by the introduction of the "anti-crisis" measures. The practical part of these theses is based on the application of the method developed by proprietress of the Nobel Prize for economy for 2009, Elinor Ostrom, and her colleagues at Indiana University, so-called IAD Framework -- Institutional Analysis and Development Framework. This selected research method is relatively unknown in our place and so a quite new and authentic view at this whole matter can be therefore expected.
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Influence of NIMBY Effect and Regional development on placing noxious facilities
Bolehovský, Petr ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Vojáček, Ondřej (referee)
NIMBY is widely used acronym for people's unwilingness to house noxious facilities in their immediate neighborhood. People feel that they are somewhat and they expect to be compensated for this. Goal of this thesis is to evaluate influence of monetary compensations on people's willingness to accept these facilities. Evaluates effects of Crowding Theory, extristic and intristic motivations on willingness to accept these facilities. Used method was qualitative analysis in form of controlled interviews with key stakeholders (mayor and town citizens). Author tries to evaluate if the NIMBY effect is the main reason for generally bad acceptance of this facilities. This thesis explores the NIMBY effect on construction of one of these facilities in town Chotíkov with a view on the gradual development of view throughout the population of this town.
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Economic Aspects of Protection of Great Cormorant in the Czech Republic
Fildán, Radim ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Vejchodská, Eliška (referee)
In my thesis I am dealing with problem of predation of great cormorant on fishery supplies in the Czech Republic. In the first part I explain the problem, describe historical development and current status. I also mention situation in other EU countries, which does have some characteristics similar with the Czech Republic. In the end of the first part I will quantify damage caused by cormorant and I will show how this damage could be estimated. In the second part I am applying scheme of institutional analysis called Institutional Analysis and Development. Firstly I will explain this scheme and then I will apply it on the problem of great cormorant in the Czech Republic. Aim of my thesis is to find a recommendation how organizations and institutions should be set in order to help to resolve this issue.
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Voluntary approaches as an alternative environmental tool
Karlík, Pavel ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Vejchodská, Eliška (referee)
This paper is focused on finding the motivations that guide companies in Czech republic to apply voluntary approaches. The aim of this work is to define the most effective voluntary approaches. Economics has already analyzed conditions under which voluntary approaches are more preferable than administrative and economic environmental tools. But the question is if the business practice reflects theoretical recommendations. Based on a survey, the most common motivations to apply voluntary approaches will be analyzed. Then it will be possible to identify or modify the most effective voluntary approach.
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Is Waste to Energy an alternative?
Hanigovský, Štefan ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Kotoulová, Zdeňka (referee)
The world waste hierarchy is changing under the pressure of growing population, strict standards of living and environmental standards, as well as new technological experiences. Strengthening of environmental standards in Europe leads to restraining the most used and cheapest waste treatment method - landfilling. The limitation of landfilling will force the countries to search for alternative treatments. This diploma thesis is supposed to give certain conclusion whether the incineration of waste with gaining energy (waste-to-energy) can be the right way how to deal with waste in the future. Current market position of waste-to-energy is being examined in selected European countries, focusing on whole environmental, economic and social aspects of using this technology. Incineration as commercially proven state-of-the-art technology is still having problems entering the new markets even if the technology with its sophisticated approach shows a great environmental service. The results of the examinations show the potential for Czech Republic, as well as other countries where WTE is not utilized yet.
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Vliv socio-ekonomických faktorů na produkci komunálního odpadu
Kováčová, Alena ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Drahovzal, Pavel (referee)
Diploma thesis examines the relationship between socio-demographic trends and municipal solid waste generation. It follows an increasing trend towards the integration of environmental, economic and social aspects to indicate the municipal solid waste generation at the present time. Not only gross domestic product, but also social indicators, household size and age structure have a significant impact on the amount of municipal solid waste. The topical aim of the thesis is to review the state of present knowledge regarding socio-demographic changes, analyse previously published models of municipal waste generation, identify socio-economic factors important for describing the amount of municipal waste at various levels in Czech Republic and observe broad scale of potential relationships. The observations and survey were made on two levels -- regional and city level. From the models obtained by working with various set of explanatory variables at regional level, one linear multivariate regression model with explanatorz power 90,20% was described in diploma thesis. It consists of one dependent variable -- municipal waste generation per household and five independent variables (net money income, household size, living costs per household per month, number of retired pensioners in household and households with net income below minimum subsistence). At city level, some parameters were just proved by correlation analysis, but they were not used as explanatory variables in regression analysis in order to obtain optimal model. Those used in regression analysis are number of inhabitants and number of people in main age groups. Regression index R2 indicates that this model explains 58,78% of the variability in total household waste generated in cities. To conclude, socio-demographic determinants of environmental protection are usually less relevant for explanation of fluctuations within waste management chain than psychological variables (attitudes, values, beliefs) and political factors. Anyway, literature review indicates that the investigations and assessment of future municipal waste streams should cover not only commonly used economic parameters, but also socio-demographic factors (Bach, 2003; Beigl, 2004; Řeháková, 2001).
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Tradable permits in Waste Management
Mačková, Markéta ; Jílková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Slavík, Jan (referee)
In this diploma thesis is being explored the possibility of using tradable permits in waste management as an efficient tool for motivating and guiding market participants. Waste in the world each year is increasing and burdensome for the economy in terms of the cost of disposal or storage, and for the environment in terms of expanding the number of landfills. The European Union has set mandatory guidelines through a specific quantitative value of natural resources in the field of waste management, which Member States are obliged to respect. These include a minimum percentage return and recycling of packaging materials, or the maximum amount of biodegradable waste that can be stored in landfills. The Directive also set the exact dates of compliance with those commitments. The goal of the diploma thesis is to critically analyze existing knowledge and experience in using tools of tradable permits. On the economic analysis follows the discussion options for wider application of this instrument in the regulation of waste management.
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