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Cereal pests and their natural enemies
Honěk, Alois ; Martinková, Zdena ; Platková, Hana ; Saska, Pavel ; Skuhrovec, Jiří
The methodology mainly summarizes the new results and experiences of the author's team, which has been studying the biology of some cereal pests and their natural enemies for a long time. The aim is to draw attention to selected species of pests, to provide instructions on how to recognize them, in some cases to find out their current numbers in cereal stands and within the possibilities of current knowledge to predict further development of their abundance in a given stand and estimate yield reduction. Another goal is to recapitulate protection options with an emphasis on the use of natural enemies. The third goal is enlightenment. The methodology provides an accessible way to understand the biology and population development processes of cereal pests (especially aphids) so that the reader does not remain a blind user of unwarranted practical instructions, but can decide for himself according to the immediate situation.
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Methods of Public Property Sales in the Czech Republic
Titl, Vítězslav ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (advisor) ; Vaško, Dan (referee)
The aim of this work is to compare common methods of public property sales in the Czech Republic - it compares sales through public auction with sealed-bid auction. Public auctions with more regulated publicity standards show much lower rate of failed auction, which might make them preferable method of sale. Revenue of both methods is found to be similar, which fits the auction theory predictions, despite demonstrated bias in official price estimates and institutional frictions. The difference between the methods is reflected in the fact that the revenues from the sales through sealed-bid auctions have lower variance than the sales through public auctions.
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The importance of income on subjective well-being
Sedlář, Jan ; Baxa, Jaromír (advisor) ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (referee)
1 Abstract My Bachelor thesis deals in a comprehensive way with the discussion unleashed by the publication of the Easterlin's article which called attention to more complex relations between the absolute level of income and the subjective well-being than the economic theory would ever assume . There is the literature shown which finds the explanation why the relation - the absolute level of income and the subjective well-being - does not hold without exceptions. A special attention is devoted to the human behaviour: comparison of the individual's situation with the situation of his reference group, comparison of the individual's situation with the situation he was accustomed to in the past, the individual's adaptation to the new situation and change of his aspiration and on the overvaluation of the benefits from the achieved goal. The first characteristic is tested experimentally with use of the analogy: the income as the evaluation of the job performance, the mark as the evaluation of the student. The experiment did not prove that the comparison of the student with his reference group would have the influence on his own performance. The second part of my thesis is focused on the description of the relationship between the gross national income per capita and the satisfaction of the inhabitants from the...
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Public Procurement of homogeneous goods: Czech Republic case study
Soudek, Jan ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (advisor) ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to show that institutional and procedural characteristics are affecting the final price of the public procurement. In order to be able to compare the tenders among each other, only public procurement of homogeneous goods is analyzed. The presented model attempts to explain a variation in final price per one unit as a function of estimated unit price, market price and characteristic of procurement procedure - type of procedure, number of bidders and use of electronic auction. In case of electricity and gas public procurement final price elasticity with respect to the estimated price tents to be higher than such elasticity with respect to the market price. This result suggests high rigidity in public procurement procedures. We show that such ineffectiveness is reduced by using open procedure, electronic auction or attracting more bidders.
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Variance structure of the Bitcoin currency
Pátek, Martin ; Krištoufek, Ladislav (advisor) ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to explain how Bitcoin works, analyze the Bitcoin total variation and to separate the jump component of realized variance from the continuous part. In order to do so, we use estimates of quadratic variation and integrated variance. We detect jumps using a test which is based on the difference between realized variance and bipower variation. The results for BTC/USD exchange rate are then compared with the results for EUR/USD exchange rate, price of gold and for the S&P 500 index. In case of all datasets, we use data with five-minute frequency. It seems that no other work analyzing the Bitcoin total variation using the same methods to separate the jump component from the continuous part of a price process has been written so far. We found that jumps in the Bitcoin total variation are stronger than for other analyzed instruments. The results also suggest that the duration between jumps for Bitcoin considerably prolonged during the monitored period which may indicate that the behavior of price of bitcoin has stabilized over time. We also found out that the variance of price of bitcoin is higher during the monitored period in comparison with other analyzed instruments. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Regime-Switching Models and Their Application in the Financial Markets
Fišerová, Tereza ; Vošvrda, Miloslav (advisor) ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (referee)
The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part introduces the reader to the theory of ARCH-type models and their extensions which are represented by the Markov regime-switching models that allow for capturing of structural breaks in the data dynamics. In addition, the first part summarizes the current state of art. In the empirical part, the model of Klaassen (2002) is adopted to find evidence on the existence of two distinct volatility regimes in four of the Central European stock markets (Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland). The model is also used as a tool for economic crises identification. Analysis of the daily and weekly observations covering the period from January 3, 2000 to December 31, 2010 provides three remarkable results. First, MRS-GARCH(1,1) model is adequate for modelling stock market volatility in Central Europe. Second, the high volatility regime tends to be associated with a financial crisis. Third, the current crisis is exceptional in terms of its duration in comparison with previous works' conclusions.
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The financial instability hypothesis of Hyman P. Minsky and its apllication to the current financial crisis
Paulus, Michal ; Mertlík, Pavel (advisor) ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the financial instability hypothesis of Hyman P. Minsky and its application to the current financial crisis. The first part of the thesis summarizes the hypothesis, and it mentions works elaborating the hypothesis. The second part of the bachelor thesis applies the hypothesis to the current financial crisis. The whole thesis refers to the general discussion about relations of the Minsky's hypothesis to the current financial crisis and to the fall of the insurance company AIG Corporation. The second part concludes that many relevant parts of Minsky's hypothesis can be applied to the recent financial crisis but important differences of the current financial system to the system in Minsky's times should be awared of. There are two most important differences: changes in risk management and new financial instruments. At the end, the thesis discusses the implications of these differences for applicability of the hypothesis on the current financial crisis. The thesis regards the fact that the recent financial crisis is caused by rational behaviour of economic agents and not by exogenous forces as the most important lesson to learn from the financial instability hypothesis of Hyman P. Minsky.
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Inflation of virtual currencies
Skuhrovec, Jiří ; Holub, Tomáš (advisor) ; Strecker, Ondřej (referee)
This papers examines formation of prices in virtual economy World of Warcraft, and its interconnection with real economy through Real Money Trade - exchange of in-game currency for real cash. Paper nds, that WoW economy is heavily leveraged through this channel, namely that it determines price level within the game. It empirically shows that causes of long-run in ation of currency are EUR/CNY FX rate and patches issued by game operator. Later on author builds general microeconomic model of arti cial scarcity, to explain motivation of game operator to in ate own currency. Last chapter is devoted to potential of virtual currencies, argumenting with thoughts of Karl Menger, that these currencies may be able to compete with real ones. Paper heavily relies on unique data, collected using software developed by author.
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Economics of Religion: Analysis of Contributions in the Roman Catholic Church in the Czech Republic
Švejdová, Amália ; Schwarz, Jiří (advisor) ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor thesis Economics of Religion: Analysis of Contributions in the Roman Catholic Church in the Czech Republic focuses on economics of religion in the enviroment of the Czech republic and especially the case of the Roman Catholic Church. The main aim of the thesis is to analyze the situation of the religious market and the role and position of the Roman Catholic Church within it, in regards to participation in religious institutions, voluntary donations etc. By studying the relationship between the state and church and it's determined financing system it is possible to set the model for the degree of financial participation of the church's members (voluntary contributions). By using a regression analysis, a hypothesis is tested on specific empirical data - the amount of voluntary contributions, (un)employment, age, size of the church, and percentage of women in the population.
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Growth and sexual selection in selected representatives of scarabaeoid beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea).
Vendl, Tomáš ; Šípek, Petr (advisor) ; Knapp, Michal (referee) ; Skuhrovec, Jiří (referee)
Flower chafers are well-known beetles with apparent sexual dimorphism. Yet, in contrast to other groups of scarab beetles, only little attention has been paid to various aspects of this phenomenon. It concerns also sexual dimorphism in size, which is very common in animals. Although ultimate causes of sexual size dimorphism have been extensively studied, the developmental mechanisms are still only poorly understood. We investigated proximate causes of sexual size dimorphism in several differentially dimorphic flower chafer species. We found that in highly dimorphic species the dimorphism started to develop already in the first instar and tended to accumulate through successive larval development. In contrast, the sexes in species with a relatively low dimorphism diverged in size during only one instar. Moreover, we found variability not only in when the dimorphism arises during development, but also how: sex-related differences in both the instar duration and average growth rate were the proximate causes of sexual size dimorphism. In addition, we showed that the sexes may differ also in growth trajectory - males had relatively longer period of rapid growth than females, even in cases where the absolute development times were similar in both sexes. Further, we focused on systematic survey of sexual...
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