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Monitoring the incidenceof microsatellite instability in tumor cell of colon cancer by immunochemistry expression of proteins MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6
Šilarová, Sandra ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové SLEDOVÁNÍ INCIDENCE NESTABILITY MIKROSATELITŮ V NÁDOROVÝCH BUŇKÁCH KARCINOMU TLUSTÉHO STŘEVA POMOCÍ IMUNOHISTOCHEMICKÉHO VYŠETŘENÍ EXPRESE PROTEINŮ MLH1, MSH2 A MSH6 Bakalářská práce Sandra Šilarová v oboru Zdravotní laborant Abstrakt The main goal of this thesis is introducing of immunohistochemical staining MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 nuclear proteins into practice. These proteins are involved in the repairs of errors that happen during the transcription of genes. Inheretted mistake of any of these genes clinicaly displays usually in the the form of so-called Lynch syndrom. The most typical presentation at the molecular-genetic level is microsatelite instability of tumor cells. In the theoretical part Lynch syndrome is described, etiology, forms of Lynch syndrome, diagnosis and prevention possibilities. In the practical part a test of the group of 30 patients with positive colon cancer. I describe a preparation of immunohistochemical slides and study results.
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Tourette syndrome
Zubíková, Markéta ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Semecký, Vladimír (referee)
Bacherol thesis deals with Tourette's syndrome. It is intended for parents, teachers and for other people. At first, a text generally characterise tic disorders. A survey of anatomy and physiology of the basal gaglia is also included. The main part gives a special attention to Tourette's syndrome. The examples of symptoms, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of this disease are given. Keywords: Tic, basal ganglia, Tourette's syndrome
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Searching multiple pregnancy using biochemical markers in the early stages of pregnancy
Brjančinová, Lenka ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Bc. Brjančinová Lenka Searching multiple pregnancy using biochemical markers in the early stages of pregnancy Bachelor theses Charles university in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy field of study: medical laboratory technician The bachelor's thesis objective is to work out an algorithm enabling multiple pregnancy detection by second-trimester biochemical markers of alpha-1-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin in the blood serum of women pregnant with one foetus or twins. Detected markers' values are converted into MoM values, adjusted to body masses of expectant mothers and subsequently entered into graphs where shifts in values between single and twin pregnancies are visible. In testing several empirical methods, the algorithm was found by which 78,75 % multiple pregnancies can be proved in the studied group, with false positive ratio of 2,50%. Key words: multiple pregnancy, alpha-1-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
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The importace of cytochrome P450 2W1 in colorectal cancer
Krasulová, Kristýna ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kovařík, Miroslav (referee)
1.ABSTRACT Bc. Kristýna Krasulová The importance of cytochrome P450 2W1 in colorectal cancer Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Healthcare Bioanalytics - Specialist in Laboratory Methods Backround: Cytochromes P450 play an important role in carcinogenesis by activating carcinogens as well as in cancer treatment where they can participate in metabolism of anticancer drugs. This work discuses current knowledge about colorectal cancer carcinogenesis and knowledge about the new member of CYP P450 2W1 and its potential in anticancer therapy. The main aim is to detect differences in the frequency of the two most important non-synonymous CYP2W1 polymorphisms between colorectal cancer patients and healthy subjects. Methods: The study group consisted of 197 colorectal patients and 202 healthy subjects gained on the basis of collaboration with Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute. The identification of CYP2W1 allelic variations was performed by allelic discrimination using TaqMan® SNP Genotyping assays. Results: The non-synonymous polymorphism 542G/A (allele CYP2W1*6, rs3808348) responsible for the amino acid substitution Ala181Thr and polymorphism 1463C/T (allele CYP2W1*6, rs3808348) causing the amino acid substitution Pro488Leu were both present in the population...
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Metabolic Syndrome -Changing Profile of Risks
Nagyová, Lucie ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Mgr. Lucie Nagyová Consultant: doc. RNDr. Vladimír Semecký, CSc. Metabolic Syndrome - Changing Profile of Risks Rigorous work The aim of this work is to discover how hypolipidemic statine treatment changes lipid spektrum and other laboratory markers in patients. And to discover how metformine treatment influences levels of glycated hemoglobine and glycemia. Patients taking statins were compared according to a type of statin they have had to simvastatine - Simvor® group and atorvastatine - Atoris® group. We did not manage to prove positive effect of hypolipidemic treatment to laboratory markers. However, atorvastatine group had lower lipid levels than simvastatine group. Patients taking metformine had lower glycemia, lower glycated hemoglobine and lower CRP levels. Next testing of larger and more homogenic group is necessary.
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Efficacy evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer
Milatová, Eva ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Eva Milatová Efficacy evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer Bachelor thesis Charles university in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Medical laboratory technician Background: The aim of this bachelor thesis was to evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer, its statistical evaluation and the prognostic value of pathologic complete response (pCR). Methods: The data set of 77 patients after administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was compiled and evaluated. Information was obtained by exploring the medical records. Results: All patients underwent the surgery after administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. 26, 2 % of the patients with breast cancer after administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy achieved pCR. Higher pCR rate (29 %) was observed in elderly patients over the age of 40 years. Significantly higher frequency of pCR (42,4 %) was determined in patients with earlier clinical stage of the disease. Significantly higher pCR rate (50 %) was found in patients treated by taxane with the addition of carboplatin. Contribution of pCR on progression-free survival could not be demonstrated because of the low number of patients with determined disease progression. Achieved pCR in patients correlated with a higher 3 -year...
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Immunohistochemical detection of macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions brachiocephalic artery II
Košťáková, Šárka ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Semecký, Vladimír (referee)
Šárka Košťáková Immunohistochemical detection of macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions brachiocephalic artery II Bachelor thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Medical Laboratory Technician The aim of this study: The aim of this bachelor thesis was to evaluate an immunohistochemical method for macrophages detection in brachiocephalic artery in ApoE/LDL receptor (ApoE/LDLR) deficient mice. Another aim was to quantify the macrophage expression and to compare obtained results between two groups of mice fed only special diet (LCHP) and diet with addition of nicotinic acid. Methods: Female mice (ApoE/LDLR deficient) were separated into two groups of 6 individuals. The first group was being fed low carbohydrate high protein diet (LCHP) for a period of 8 weeks. The second group was being fed the same diet for a period of 4 weeks and for another 4 weeks with addition of 1% nicotinic acid. Consequently sera samples were collected and the general level of cholesterol was determined using biochemical analysis in both groups of mice. An immunohistochemical analysis of macrophages from 96 glasses with section of brachiocephalic artery from both groups of mice was done and stereological analysis was applied. Acquired results were statistically analyzed using unpaired t -...
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Histopathological diagnosis of celiac disease
Kalánková, Eva ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Celiac disease is associated with a permanent intolerance to gluten, which is included in some cereals. Symptoms of the disease are often subtle and atypical form of the course. The introduction of sensitive methodologies in the form of evidence of serum markers were revealed new positive cases. For example, increasing the intensity of population screening for celiac disease in children and adults, the disease is still under diagnosed in the Czech Republic. This thesis deals with the histopathologic diagnosis. These laboratory and pathological correlation 329 patients. Our aim was to highlight the risk group of persons and the number of types of representation celiac disease according to Marsh classification. This disease can manifest their symptoms from the very beginning to the very relapse. All persons who have undergone gastroduodenoskopické examination and they were sampled tissues lining the descending duodenum. Microscopically for the discovery of mucosal damage typical for celiac disease, which is expressed by Marsha histological classification. Finally, in terms of documenting the histopathological examination findings consistent with celiac disease. Based on our experience, there are several doproučení. First, the targeted screening to determine autoantibodies to tissue transglutaminase....
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Temporolimbic dysfunction in persons with mood disorders
Jakoubková, Zdenka ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Semecký, Vladimír (referee)
This dissertation explores the occurrence of symptoms of temporolimbic dysfunction with persons with mood disorder. Groups of pacients was concerned to persons with depression and manic depression disorder. The occurrence of symptoms was examined by questionnaire method. It is assumed that mood disorders are result of damage of structures in the temporolimbic area and that they will also manifest in the questionnaires being used. Theoretical part describes anatomy of the temporolimbic area and temporolimbic dysfunction. Practical part is focused on the evaluation of the outcomes from submitted questionnaires. KEY WORDS Temporolimbic disfunction, limbic system, depression, manic depression
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Impregnation methods - silver stain -their importace in diagnostic and transplant patology
Květoň, Martin ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor) ; Němečková, Ivana (referee)
Page 1 of 1 Abstract Martin Květoň Impregnation methods - silver stain -their importace in diagnostic and transplant patology Bachelor's thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Medical bioanalytics The impregnating histological methods are based on saturation of tissue sections with metal salts. The most commonly used silver staining methods employ silver ions for impregnation. Product of those methods is elementary silver, reduced "in situ" to the specific tissue components. (Newman, and others, 1998) The aim of this thesis was to analyze the most commonly used impregnating methods, to show their use in diagnostic pathology and to present the methodics of those techniques. The secondary aim of this thesis was to evaluate their importance in routine histopathological practice. The introductions part contains general information about the impregnating methods and their use. General theoretical part deals with the principle of those methods, special part deals with the structures which are showed by using those methods, and with general description of histological process. Methodical part contains detailed descriptions of chosen silvering methods, and their results. Conclusions have shown that the aims of the thesis have been met and that the impregnating methods are an...
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