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Inuit and the Northern Strategy of Canada
Jírová, Anna ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
This bachelor thesis "Inuit and Canada's Northern Strategy" deals with the relationship between the Canadian Federal Government and the Inuit, especially in the period of 2006- 2015, when the conservative Stephen Harper held the post of Canadian Prime Minister. In 2007 the document Canada's Northern Strategy was published, introducing a plan of active arctic development, primarily based on increased Canadian military presence and economic activities. The importance of the Inuit, real inhabitants of the Arctic, was confirmed in this document by mentioning the Inuit's historical presence in the Arctic as a key argument of Canada's Arctic claims. Despite this fact, a real change of policy, that could help solve the current social crisis of the Inuit community, did not come and the Inuit are still rarely consulted where Canadian arctic initiatives are concerned. The aim of this thesis is, with the help of two main documents: Canada's Northern Strategy and the Inuit Action Plan, to analyse the priorities and demands of the Inuit and the Canadian government, in order to find out if a common goal exists and what the reason is behind the misunderstanding and failed communication between these two parties, which prevents the Inuit social crisis from being solved and the region from true prosperity. The...
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The Significance of Meaning Shift of the Word "Slave" in Abolishing Slavery in the United States
Matsche, Denisa ; Toth, Gyorgy (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
This thesis focuses on the abolition of slavery in the United States. It examines the power role of discourse in maintaining and abolishing slavery in the United States, particularly the proslavery and the antislavery discourse of the antebellum South. The thesis examines two competing concepts of human bondage which originated in the proslavery and antislavery discourses-that of the slave-as-commodity, the proslavery concept, on the one hand, and the slave-as-human, the anti-slavery concept, on the other. It aims to discuss the significance of meaning shift of the word "slave" from slave-as-commodity to that of slave-as-human, the antislavery concept. Taking into account the very subjectivity of the meanings assigned to the words "black" and "slave", the thesis will demonstrate that in U.S. social and political discourse, the meaning of "slave" was not fixed and underwent significant changes over time. This thesis suggests that the abolition of slavery in the United States can be perceived as a result of "a battle for truth" between the proslavery and the antislavery discourse. The new emphasis on the universal humanity of both "races" in the nineteenth century helped abolitionists link the issue of slavery to a progressive discourse of unalienable personal liberties. I argued that even though the...
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The Status of the Jews in the USA and their reception by US society in the first half of the 20th century
Čtveráková, Lucie ; Anděl, Petr (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
This bachelor thesis called "The status of the Jews in the USA and their reception by US society in the first half of the 20th century" deals with political and social aspects of jewish presence in the USA. The thesis unfolds from the mass immigration primarily of the East European Jews at the beginning of the 20th century. The core issue of this work is to analyze the developement of the american society and the jewish community, which has been dealing with the new environment. The reception of jewish minority in the USA reflects the american domestic policy as well as the patriotism of american citizens. The key issue of the thesis is the increase of anti-Semitic atmosphere, which arise especially due to social and economic uncertainties. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate how assimilated have the Jews in the USA become and how have changed their role in society due to the Great Depression and the World War II.
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The Role of Harlem in the Development of African American Urban Culture: Cultural Capital versus Ghetto
Kárová, Julie ; Raková, Svatava (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
Harlem is an emblematic neighborhood in New York City, historically perceived both as the center of African American culture and a black ghetto. This thesis explores the African American urban culture at its birth and analyzes it through the portrayals of Harlem in black literature, music, and visual art of the period. The era of the 1920s through the 1940s illustrates most distinctly the dual identity of Harlem as a cultural capital versus a ghetto as the 1920s marked a period of unprecedented cultural flowering embodied by the Harlem Renaissance, whereas the 1930s and 1940s were characterized by the Great Depression and its aftermath. During these years the living conditions in Harlem significantly deteriorated. The aim of this work is to critically analyze the period of African American cultural boom of the Harlem Renaissance years and discuss its relevance for the period in comparison to the artistic reactions to the experience of life in the ghetto. The proposed argument is that the way Harlem was depicted in African American culture and the artistic reflection of its duality characterized African American urban experience and culture in the period of 1920s through the 1940s, concentrating on the problem of urban reality in contrast with urban fantasy.
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Comparison of U.S. and Mexican approach to freedom of speech
Drhlíková, Eva ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
Freedom of expression is a fundamental human right which is important not only for the intellectual integrity of an individual but also for the healthy development of the whole society. The work represents both general arguments for freedom of expression and codification of freedom in two different legal cultures. In the United States the freedom of expression is protected by the First Amendment of the Constitution, which complements the rich jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of the United States. In Mexico, the right is regulated in Article 6 of the Constitution. The work shows how both countries reached the current legislation on the basis of examination of legal developments and cultural values. The values of the societies are presented on the basis of Hofstede's cultural dimensions. The core of the thesis is to compare the legal limits, which is made primarily on the basis of judicial practice of the Supreme Courts of both countries. Emphasis is placed on four main areas which are related to freedom of speech: (i) fighting words including hate speech, (ii) symbolic speech, (iii) obscenity, and (iv) defamation. In addition to the legal limits the work interprets also the most significant actual limits in both countries. Finally, the author examines the relationship between freedom of expression and...
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The Role of the United States of America in the Overthrow of Regime in Hawaii in 1893
Vondřich, Marek ; Anděl, Petr (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with role of the United States of America and their citizens during overthrow of the Hawaiian government in 1893. Hawaiian Islands represented strategic location for the United States for further expansion into the Pacific region. Americans, living in Hawaii, were interested in close cooperation with the United States to empower their own positions. Efforts of American expansionists and Hawaiian Americans resulted in two reciprocal treaties, approved in 1876 and 1887, which provided duty-free import of Hawaiian sugar in the United States in exchange for partial loss of sovereignty. Hawaiian economy reoriented to sugar trade and was vulnerable against any changes in American import policy. As a result of McKinley tariff bill's approval in 1890 Hawaiian Americans lost their advantages in sugar imports into the United States. Their last resort to save their property and sugar business was to annex the Hawaiian Islands to the United States. The thesis aims to evaluate the role of American groups in Hawaii which participated in the overthrow, as well as the United States' governments and their attitude towards the overthrow and the annexation afterwards which differed based on party affiliation.
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Reasons leading to Lincoln's victory in the 1860 presidential elections and impacts of his victory
Eisnerová, Iva ; Anděl, Petr (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Reasons leading to Lincoln's victory in the 1860 presidential elections and impacts of his victory" deals with the way of the sixteenth president to his victory in the presidential election and the implications that this caused. In terms of time and topic definition, the thesis is devoted to the period just before the American civil war. The goal of the work was to analyze factors that helped the victory in the presidential election and the events that followed immediately thereafter. Working method was based on the description, analysis and comparison. In the thesis are used as the primary sources so the secondary ones. This bachelor thesis is divided into four parts. First chapter deals with the historical overview of the events before the election, with the emphasis on the problematic issue of slavery. The second chapter analyzes the steps and factors that led to the victory in the presidential election. The third chapter shows the results of the elections and the formation of the government that followed. The fourth chapter is devoted to the consequences of the victory of Republican candidate with a focus on the beginning of the conflict between Northern and Southern states. The conclusion of the work is that many factors of personal, family and working life helped Lincoln to...
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Federal Government's changing policy toward Aboriginal peoples in Canada during the period of Pierre Elliot Trudeau
Fátorová, Eliška ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
Canada is one of the countries dealing with the conflict of Aboriginal peoples and newcomers from Europe. Canadian government has been applying a concept of assimilation of Aboriginal peoples for decades but without success. In 1968 the liberal government of Pierre Elliot Trudeau came to power and decided to resolve this problem once and for all. Trudeau's government wanted to unify the rights of all Canadian citizens and came up with undifferentiated universal citizenship. This would mean for Aboriginal peoples to give up their special rights and status. Aboriginal reaction to the proposal came soon afterwards when they published their document called Citizens plus, where they opposed government's vision. They started to form political organisations and fight for their rights and recognition in the Canadian constitution. My bachelor thesis Federal Government's changing policy toward Aboriginal peoples in Canada during the period of Pierre Elliot Trudeau tries to answer the question, whether the 1969 white paper and Aboriginal reaction to it where the key starting moments of the struggle for differentiated citizenship in Canada. To answer this question this work uses historical background, key government documents and theoretical approaches to this subject by authors such as Charles Taylor or Will...
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Interpretation of the Interstate Commerce Clause by the U.S. Supreme Court
Musilová, Nikola ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to analyze the issue of one of the most significant congressional powers found in Article I., Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution. Congressional power to regulate interstate commerce has been instrumental to the federal government's legislative efforts in many areas of law. This constitutional provision enabled the Congress to react to the changing conditions and new problems the country has been facing, especially in the area of working conditions, civil rights, criminal justice or even environmental law and many others. The expansion of power of the federal government, however, was not always greeted with enthusiasm, especially in the first three decades of the 20th century, before the Supreme Court began to read the commerce power much more broadly, to the point that it ceased to be a factual limitation of its powers. This trend was meant to be stopped by the New Federalism movement and the five new conservative justices who issued rulings that limited the scope of the Commerce Clause. However, this group of justices proved to be very inconsistent in its own approach toward this constitutional provision and eventually fell apart, which rendered Rehnquist's attempted constitutional revolution with respect to state's rights partly a failure. As the new Court membership under...
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