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The impact of opioids on the effect of cytostatic agents on the C6 and CCF-STTG1 astrocytoma cell lines
Honc, Ondřej ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Růžička, Jiří (referee)
Despite its numerous side effects, morphine and the opioids derived from this drug, belong among the only effective options for treatment of pain linked to oncological illness. The effect of opioids on the efficiency of cytostatics in vitro has been the subject of many papers but the results are often contradictory, which could be probably caused by the great variability of experimental models and approaches. Some recent studies indicate that the consequences of activation of opioid signaling in astrocytes display certain differences from other cell types. Glioblastoma multiforme, the tumor derived from astrocytes, belong among those with the worst prognosis, mostly for the frequent resistance to cytostatics. In this thesis we focused on the effect of morphine, methadone and DADLE on the efficiency of cytostatics of temozolomide, doxorubicin and vincristine on the cell lines C6 and CCF-STTG1 derived from glioblastomas. Also, we examined the effect of the above mentioned opioids on the level of oxidative cellular stress and using N-acetylcysteine, a ROS scavenger, we verified the role of oxidative stress in cellular systems activated by the effect of the mentioned opioids on the efficiency of cytostatics. We also assessed opioid receptors and the receptor TLR4 in the examined cell lines. The...
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The Barry Harris Harmonic System
Jochmann, Tomáš ; KŘIŠŤAN, Vít (advisor) ; RŮŽIČKA, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate a way in which professor Barry Harris approaches harmony. As an example I am using his own interpretation of compositions, where I explain, how chords and harmonic movements are created throughout Harris' improvisation. As a medium to complete my studies I mainly focused on the personal visit of his workshops as well as studying his recordings and video schools.
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Glutamate receptors in NG2-glial cells: gene profiling and functional changes after ischemic brain injury
Waloschková, Eliška ; Anděrová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Růžička, Jiří (referee)
Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain and its transmission is responsible for higher brain functions, such as learning, memory and cognition. Glutamate action is mediated by a variety of glutamate receptors, though their properties were until now studied predominantly in neurons. Glutamate receptors are expressed also in NG2-glia, however their role under physiological conditions as well as in pathological states of the central nervous system is not fully understood. The aim of this work is to elucidate the presence, composition and function of these receptors in NG2-glia under physiological conditions and following focal cerebral ischemia. For this purpose we used transgenic mice, in which NG2-glia are labeled by a fluorescent protein for their precise identification. To analyze the expression pattern of glutamate receptors in NG2-glia we employed single-cell RT-qPCR. Furthermore, we used calcium imaging to characterize their functional properties.
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Ambivalence in Jung's Relationship to Christianity
Dobrodenková, Monika ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Růžička, Jiří (referee)
The subject of this thesis is to summarize and interpret Jung's relationship towards Christianity in its ambivalent manifestations. First, the very psychological concept of ambivalence is discussed, as it was relatively new in Jung's time. The starting points to the interpretation of Jung's relations toward Christianity are both his theoretical works and personal memories, most prominently from childhood, when his stance toward Christianity was formed. Presented material is then assessed on the psychological and theological-philosophical levels. It turns out that the psychological assessment cannot be, in Jung's case, clearly separated from his theoretical opinions, inasmuch some theorist conjecture that all the Jung's theory of the spiritual development is implicitly motivated by his psychological need to cope with his traumatic childhood. For this purpose, several distinct interpretations of Jung's memories from different psychological and religionistic-psychological stances are reviewed. Jung's ambivalent relationship toward Christianity appears to be based in his ambivalent relationship with his parents. On the theological-philosophical level, a tension between his high admirations of Christian tradition on one side, with simultaneous struggle to reform this tradition, often so radically that...
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Comparison of Tools for Measuring Homelessness at Local and Regional Level
Růžička, Jiří ; Vrzáček, Petr (advisor) ; Martinková, Věra Leona (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of enumerating and mapping the needs of the homeless. It compares tools for measuring homelessness which are described in literature and shows the way for implementation of measuring within the area of smaller municipalities. Findings about homelessness, homeless phenomenon and services for the homeless published in the literature are discussed at the beginning of the theoretical part. The core fragment of the theoretical part is devoted to a discussion on the basis and ways of measuring homelessness both in the Czech Republic and abroad. Different tools for measuring homelessness are compared in the thesis, appended with commentaries reflecting author's own multiyear experiences with providing services for target group and his involvement in surveys. The empirical part describes the process of verifying the applicability of the given methodology for enumerating and mapping the needs of homeless in practice. The procedures how author reached the final adjustments of the given methodology are described in this part. The modified methodology for counting and mapping the needs of homeless is presented in the conclusion. At final stage the modified methodology is compared with the methodology used for enumerating homeless in the United States.
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Stem cells and modified biomaterials in the for the treatment of spinal cord injury
Růžička, Jiří ; Jendelová, Pavla (advisor) ; Sameš, Martin (referee) ; Zvěřina, Eduard (referee)
Progress in experimental treatments of spinal cord injury (SCI) utilizing growth factors, stem cells and biomaterials has revealed the pathological mechanizms of the secondary processes and demonstrated the potential of combined therapy for future clinical treatment. The mobilization of bone marrow by the combined application of Flt3 ligand and G-CSF diminishes astrogliosis and increases axonal sprouting and thus leads to more pronounce spinal tissue sparing and neurological improvement when compared with single treatments. All types of stem cells used in this study significantly decreased the locomotor deficit after SCI. The most noticeable impact was observed in the NP-iPS treated group, especially due to their long term survival, interaction with host tissue, their impact on glial scarring and modulation of the immune response. MSCs, despite their short lifetime, decrease the immune response after SCI and modulate glial scar formation. The lowest effectivity on locomotor recovery after SCI was demonstrated by fetal spinal progenitors, which were not capable of sufficient integration into the host tissue, even though they showed long-term survival and differentiation. The methods used to prepare methacrylate based hydrogels have a significant impact on the adhesion, growth and survival of MSC...
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Stem cells and modified biomaterials in the for the treatment of spinal cord injury
Růžička, Jiří
Progress in experimental treatments of spinal cord injury (SCI) utilizing growth factors, stem cells and biomaterials has revealed the pathological mechanizms of the secondary processes and demonstrated the potential of combined therapy for future clinical treatment. The mobilization of bone marrow by the combined application of Flt3 ligand and G-CSF diminishes astrogliosis and increases axonal sprouting and thus leads to more pronounce spinal tissue sparing and neurological improvement when compared with single treatments. All types of stem cells used in this study significantly decreased the locomotor deficit after SCI. The most noticeable impact was observed in the NP-iPS treated group, especially due to their long term survival, interaction with host tissue, their impact on glial scarring and modulation of the immune response. MSCs, despite their short lifetime, decrease the immune response after SCI and modulate glial scar formation. The lowest effectivity on locomotor recovery after SCI was demonstrated by fetal spinal progenitors, which were not capable of sufficient integration into the host tissue, even though they showed long-term survival and differentiation. The methods used to prepare methacrylate based hydrogels have a significant impact on the adhesion, growth and survival of MSC...
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9DOF sensor for weapon orientation measurement
Růžička, Jiří ; Richter, Miloslav (referee) ; Šedivá, Soňa (advisor)
This thesis deals with multi-axis position sensors, their nature and individual parts and types of these sensors. It is outlined their historical origin and the most used modern types, such as micro-electro-mechanical sensors. Further, the properties of these sensors, error sources and their compensation are discussed. Output data formats are also discussed here, such as Euler angles, their calculation and applications. The selected sensor is implemented in the simulator electronics, and the graphical application demonstrates its functions.
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Treating spinal cord injury with a combination of human fetal neural stem cells and hydrogel modified with serotonin agonists
Růžička, Jiří ; Romanyuk, Natalyia (advisor) ; Vargová, Lýdia (referee)
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in the loss of nervous tissue and consequently the loss of motor and sensory function. The transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and a porous hydrogel material may support spinal cord repair. In my Master of Science thesis we evaluate the biocompatibility of the human fetal neural stem cell (hfNSC) line SPC-01_GFP3 in combination with hydroxy ethyl methacrylate hydrogel modified with a serotonin agonist (P2544-1). Moreover, we evaluate the effect of a combination of SPC-01-derived progenitors and P2544-1 hydrogel on functional improvement and tissue reconstruction. As a model of SCI, a spinal cord lateral hemisection at the Th8-9 level in adult Wistar rats was used. A P2544-1 hydrogel seeded with SPC-01 cells was applied immediately after the hemisection surgery (n=11) in the treated animals, while the control group was only hemisected (n=20). Locomotor (BBB) and sensitivity (plantar test) evaluations were performed weekly for three months. An immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) of the cells and hydrogel was made in vitro before the surgery and also at the conclusion of the experiment. IHC and the behavioural tests showed that this combination of NSCs and hydrogel material is highly biocompatible in vitro, but that after transplantation it was unable to quickly...
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