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The Sexual Segregation of fish from family Cyprinidae in the Řimov Reservoir
Žák, Jakub ; Prchalová, Marie (advisor) ; Čech, Martin (referee)
The sexual segregation, defined as different use of space by sexes is widespread phenomenon in the animal tree of life. As a result of segregation there is a different use of resources such as habitat, prey items or different threat by predation. Nevertheless it is not well studied in fish taxa except in marine environment. The common and widespread freshwater species such as a bream (Abramis brama), a bleak (Alburnus alburnus) and a roach (Rutilus rutilus) so far have not never been studied from the perspective of sexual segregation too. This thesis aims to examine the sexual segregation of these species and to test premises of sexual segregation such as sexual size dimorphism, age composition and differences in food. Afterwards the different space use of sexes in the Římov reservoir was tested. The gillnet sampling was used to collect data. Gillnets were installed to four localities in longitudinal gradient of reservoir in epilimnion where is the highest abundance of fish. Sampling was performed in August from 2009 to 2016. Results of this thesis show that females and males have different life histories and that bleak and roach are significantly bigger and older than males. The size dimorphism in bream was confirmed but not age difference between sexes. Sexes of bream had different diet. Males...
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Psychosocial consequences of war conflicts
Prchalová, Marie ; Krahulcová, Beáta (advisor) ; Mašát, Vladimír (referee)
The thesis is focused on an analysis and description of psychosocial consequences in war conflicts with main emphasis on conflicts of an internal character which are prevalent at the present. The most risk groups are children, women, refugees, displaced people and soldiers. Foreign print bibliographies with the electronic version documents were used as main information and reference sources. A part of information has been acquired from interviews conducted in a model country. A significant part is also dedicated to the armed conflict problems in Colombia which cause the second largest displacement in the world. The author has made an attempt to identify and expressed schematically causes and correlated consequences in each target group. The common characteristic element of all individuals suffering from armed conflicts is their exposure to a human maltreatment. There is also mentioned a support of international organizations which significantly participate in a prevention and mitigation of the most serious psychosocial consequences.
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The importance of various habitats for fish in reservoirs
Šmejkal, Marek ; Vašek, Mojmír (referee) ; Prchalová, Marie (advisor)
Fish distribution in reservoirs is not homogeneous. Fish usually occur in upper parts of reservoirs on the longitudinal axis, where is also the greatest concentration of nutrients. Fish abundance and biomass as well as the trophy are declining towards the dam part. On the vertical axis, most fish occur above the thermocline, where temperature and concentration of dissolved oxygen reach the highest values. Fish community is changing also in time. Shortly after impoundment, the riverine species are dominating the community and later, generalist species prevail. Generally, we can distinguish pelagic and bentic habitats within the reservoir. There are species in reservoirs that occur almost strictly in pelagic habitat like asp and bleak and benthic species like ruffe and perch. Most species occur in both types of habitats (bream, roach, pikeperch, European catfish, white bream). Migrations between habitats occur on daily and on seasonal basis. On daily basis, we distinguish diel horizontal migration, in which fish shift between pelagic and benthic habitats. Diel vertical migration, when fish change depths, is not so significant in Czech reservoirs. Motivations for these diel migrations are food aviability, predation pressure and water temperature. Seasonal migrations comprise spawning migrations and winter...
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The management evaluation of the selected municipality
Prchalová, Marie ; Homolka, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Monika, Monika (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with an evaluation of the economic activities of the village Uherčice in the years 2011-2014. In the theoretical part, there are defined certain terms from the area of public administration and its bodies. Then it is focused on the budget of the village based on its incomes and expenses. The practical part aims the attention on the evaluation of the economic activities in the village Uherčice. There are performed detailed analyses of the incomes and expenses of the village based on the final accounts of the village from 2011 to 2014. On the basis of the established information there is assembled a proposal for increasing the incomes and improving the economic situation of the village.
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A new tool for improvement the quality of water ecosystems
Blabolil, Petr ; Říha, Milan ; Peterka, Jiří ; Prchalová, Marie ; Vašek, Mojmír ; Frouzová, Jaroslava ; Jůza, Tomáš ; Muška, Milan ; Tušer, Michal ; Draštík, Vladislav ; Ricard, Daniel ; Sajdlová, Zuzana ; Šmejkal, Marek ; Vejřík, Lukáš ; Matěna, Josef ; Borovec, Jakub ; Kubečka, Jan
The Czech multimetric fish based index (CZ-FBI) was developed recently. The aim of CZ-FBI is to assess the ecological potential of heavily modified and artificial water bodies and to detect ecosystems, particularly their specific components, in unsatisfactory conditions. This article describes steps of CZ-FBI development. Since the philosophy used, particular events presenting the results, to recent stage. CZ-FBI is a part of certified methodology of the Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic and the comparison with other assessment methodologies within a geographical intercalibration group is in process.
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