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Analysis of drug addicts at labour market of the Czech Republic
Obořilová, Veronika ; Ševčíková, Michaela (advisor) ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to analyse the employment of drug addicts on the labour market. Specifically, it is focused on drug issue project "Network of services for people at risk of social exclusion due to addiction", conducted in the period 2005 - 2007 in the drop-in centre of the Regional charity Břeclav. The theoretical part describes the labour market in general and is subsequently compared with rates of unemployment in countries of the European Union. Thesis is also dealing with drug addicts, their definitions and consequences of substance abuse. It describes the current situation in the Czech Republic, its drug policy as well as the strategies of European countries. It also discusses ways to help financing the return to normal life and the possibility of drawing funds from the European Union. The practical part is analysis of project success in finding work for drug users and their retention of obtained employment. Addressed were 304 people, who participated in the project. It was found that most respondents are not able to keep gained work and lose interest to apply once again for a job.
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Minimum wage in economic context
Návrat, Martin ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis compares different theoretical principles concerning the relationship between minimum wages and unemployment. In the empirical part examines the impact of minimum wages on unemployment in the Czech Republic for the period 1994 - 2012. The results of the econometric analysis indicate that the minimum wage significantly affects unemployment. I conclude that a 1% increase in the real minimum wage compared to the previous year will result in approximately a 0.17% increase in the unemployment rate for workers with at most primary education compared to the previous year and approximately 0.07% increase in the unemployment rate of men compared to previous year. Based on the extension of the basic models is rejected that the minimum wage statistically negatively influenced overall unemployment, unemployment of women and unemployment of workers under 25 years.
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Application of visually impaired people in the labor market in the Czech Republic
Kanioková, Veronika ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (referee)
The bachelor thesis addresses the problem of visually disabled persons in the Czech republic's labour market. The goal of this thesis is to analyze current situation of visually disabled at the labour market and to recommend solutions, which will lead to higher employment of these people. The first part of this thesis is segmenting people with visual disability and their social benefits leading to obtaining a job. The second part concerns different ways of education that lead to higher employment and also different types of compensatory aid that help educating visually disabled. Last but not least the different labour political approaches for visually disabled will be discussed. A questionnaire that was used for the practical part reveals the opinions and attitudes of both visually disabled persons and employers towards the problem of unemployment. The final part concerns particular suggestions towards the improvement of current labour market for visually disabled.
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Inflation - An Increase in the Supply of Money or Increase in the Price Level? An Impact of the Definiton on the Theory of Costs
Pícha, Petr ; Loužek, Marek (advisor) ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (referee)
This is paper is purely theoretical. It discusses misinterpretation of the term inflation in economic literature. It describes the transformation of the meaning of the term 'inflation' from increase in the money supply to an increase in the general price level based on academic discussion, it lists examples from economic literature where is the term inflation misused or vaguely described and describes the evolution of the theory of inflation -- the quantity theory of money -- throughout history for fitting in the context. In the last chapter, it demonstrates the correctness of its argument that inflation is indeed an increase in the general price level, based on the meaning of the theory of costs of inflation. Work also proposes, for a complete accuracy, using two different terms -- monetary inflation and price inflation.
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Is the debt brake efficient instrument for sustaining responsible fiscal policy?
Soukup, Albert ; Doležal, Ondřej (advisor) ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to define recommendations of setting the debt brake mechanism for Czech Republic, based on functional analysis in selected EU states. Analyzed countries are Slovakia, Poland, Estonia, Germany and Spain. First section of the thesis presents basic principles and terms of theoretical view of public finance, followed by description of opinions of several schools of economic thought on debt-financing and public finance issues. The second, practical part of the thesis first presents opinions of international organizations on the solution of the debt crisis. Next chapter is the analysis of the debt brake mechanism in selected states. Speaking in general, the debt brake itself is not automatically a guarantee of responsible fiscal policy, nevertheless it partly contributes to it. The outcome of the thesis is an unambiguous recommendation for the Czech Republic to approve the debt brake. The thesis also presents specific propositions to improve the current plan, based on real experience in analyzed states.
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Analysis of the impact of the minimum wage on employment in the selected sectors of labour market in the Czech Republic from 1993 to the present
Březinová, Kateřina ; Štípek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to analyze the impact of the minimum wage on employment in the selected sectors of labour market in the Czech Republic from 1993 to the present. In this paper, the main focus is on the development of the minimum wage and on progression in employment and in average wages in selected sectors. Subsequent year changes during the period are used to analyze the correlation due to changes in the entire market, which illustrate the correlation context. Then I compare analysis results with the hypothesis that the minimum wage negatively affects employment, especially in those sectors where the lowest average wage outweight in a long term. Generally, we can say that the current level of the minimum wage in the Czech Republic has no significant effect on the labour market and even in sectors where the lowest average wage outweigh in a long term, since the proportion of the minimum wage to the average wage in our country (compared to other countries of the EU) is one of the lowest. Other political and economic factors have a more significant impact on employment.
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How business cycle affects attendance of czech cinemas between 1993 -2013?
Levová, Kateřina ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Zeman, Karel (referee)
The basic question of this thesis was the relationship between the business cycle and the cinema attendance in the Czech Republic. Other questions are the effect of technological advances, household income and the impact of substitutes and complements to attendance. Similar questions have already examined several papers in different countries, but the results are not identical. The benefit of this work is examining the Czech industry, which from an economic point of view is not analyzed too often. The first part describes the relevant theories: the theory of the business cycle theory, theory of the consumer and demand. Another part contains a description of the analyzed sector, its historical development and an overview of studies that have worked on this issue. Following are two models: the first examining a total annual cinema attendance (1993 - 2013) and the second model focused on the average attendance per projection). In both models was studied cinema attendance dependence on the cyclical component of the unemployment rate and other variables. In both cases, the results suggest that attendance is procyclical. The amount of real wages has a positive impact on attendance. The impact of technological advances on the contrary negative.
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Help of the fiscal policy to the financial sector in the period of financial crisis
Klimeš, František ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis tries to describe government help to economy during the period of crisis in years 2006 -- 2013 in USA and Iceland with regard to Austrian business cycle theory. This thesis stands critical toward connection of fiscal and monetary policy and their activist policy because this policy was one of the causes of economical fluctuation in last years. Help of fiscal policy connected with monetary policy took primarily form of providing liquidity to financial sector and granting government guarantees to financial institutions and bailing out their risky assets. Regulatory measures are subjected to closer analysis and are commented according to data analysis.
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Analyse of public finances and causes of growing public depts
Dereniková, Soňa ; Czesaný, Slavoj (advisor) ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis deals with issues of the public debt of Czech Republic. The aim of this thesis is to find the causes that contribute to adverse developments affecting fiscal imbalances. The set target based on the fundamental hypothesis that the current state of public debt is not due only to economic deficit. The hypothesis is confirmed by the finding that public debt is mainly due to the accumulation of annual budget shortfall, which were formed even in times of economic growth. The theoretical part deals with structure, methodology and opportunities in funding fiscal imbalances. The practical section assesses the development of key entries of public finances in years 2000 to 2012, when Czech economy went through a period of expansion followed by a period of recession. Own contribution of this work lies in trend analysis examined quantities in relation to GDP and the subsequent assessment of urgency of their development. Conclusion of the practical part is dedicated to the key issues that emerged from previous analyzes and proposes possible measures to tackle them.
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