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The effects of irradiation on plant photomorphogenesis in highschool biological education
Sedlecký, Libor ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Pavlová, Libuše (referee)
Light does not serve plants only as a source of energy, but it mediates the information about the environmental conditions and brings signal information for developmental processes taking place in plants. Radiation within the whole spectrum range can be produced by a natural source, or an artificial source. Radiation is percived by a plant due to the whole range of receptors, known as photoreceptors - receptor molecules. Because of photoreceptors plant is able to adapt to its enviromnent and to adjust its metabolism to be as effective as possible. In photomorphogenetic reactions a plant responds mostly to red, blue and partly ultraviolet part of electromagnetic spectrum. For the red radiation there is only one receptor - phytochrome, existing in two various conformations and in several species. Phytochrome is one of the most studied photoreceptors. Blue visible light and partly also ultraviolet radiation is therefore percieved through cryptochromes, which were resistant to research for a long time. In photomorfogenesis there is an enormous difference in plant reactions to light and dark condition. Very different response is observed in various radiation conditions and different physiological events are triggerred and take place. One of the main reactions occurring during change from dark to light...
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Biofortified plants and plant molecular farming
Koblihová, Kateřina ; Opatrný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pavlová, Libuše (referee)
Genetically modified crops (GM crop) are plants which have changed their genotype by molecular-genetic techniques. Targeting interventions into plant genotype have higher efficiency in comparison to methods, which are used in classical breeding. Essential presumption of these interventions is profound knowledge of molecular biology, genetics and plant physiology. The success of genetic modifications is dependant upon increasing knowledge from many branches of biology. The first generation of GM crops was resistant to abiotic stress, pests, herbicides or diseases. The outcome of this is increase of yields and overall decrease of costs. These qualities bear profit especially for farmers but not for end-users. Many methods, which are used for transformation of the first generation of genetically modified crops, are used for next generations as well. Biofortification could be considered as the next step of genetic modification of crops. Plants, which are consuming, are improved by substances, which prosperous to the human body. They should partly substitute the variety of food and to help improve the nutrition, but they don't have curative effects. Molecular-genetic principles of their creation are very similar to molecular farming. Nowadays the molecular farming presents the top of genetic...
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The effects of irradiation on plant photomorphogenesis in highschool biological education
Sedlecký, Libor ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Pavlová, Libuše (referee)
Light does not serve plants only as a source of energy, but it mediates the information about the environmental conditions and brings signal information for developmental processes taking place in plants. Radiation within the whole spectrum range can be produced by a natural source, or an artificial source. Radiation is percived by a plant due to the whole range of receptors, known as photoreceptors - receptor molecules. Because of photoreceptors plant is able to adapt to its enviromnent and to adjust its metabolism to be as effective as possible. In photomorphogenetic reactions a plant responds mostly to red, blue and partly ultraviolet part of electromagnetic spectrum. For the red radiation there is only one receptor - phytochrome, existing in two various conformations and in several species. Phytochrome is one of the most studied photoreceptors. Blue visible light and partly also ultraviolet radiation is therefore percieved through cryptochromes, which were resistant to research for a long time. In photomorfogenesis there is an enormous difference in plant reactions to light and dark condition. Very different response is observed in various radiation conditions and different physiological events are triggerred and take place. One of the main reactions occurring during change from dark to light...
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