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Mikveh: the phenomenon of Jewish solemity (notes about ritual baths in Moravia)
Šedivec, Ivana ; Krupková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Ústav etnologie Rigorózní práce Praha 2013 Ivana Šedivec Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Ústav etnologie Rigorózní práce Ivana Šedivec Mikve: fenomén židovské obřadnosti (poznámky k rituálním lázním na Moravě) Mikveh: the phenomenon of Jewish solemity (notes about ritual baths in Moravia) Praha 2013 Ivana Šedivec Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Jaroslava Krupková, CSc. Ústav etnologie Fakulta filozofická Univerzity Karlovy v Praze Poděkování Ráda bych poděkovala za podporu a konzultace PhDr. Jaroslavě Krupkové, CSc a PhDr. Daně Veselské Ph.D. Neméně tak všem mým respondentům. Děkuji za poskytnutí materiálů od uvedených obcí a měst, cenných rad a připomínek. Prohlašuji, že jsem práci zpracoval(a) samostatně a použil(a) jen uvedených pramenů a literatury. Praha, leden 2013 podpis Klíčová slova: voda, rituál, čistota, ženy, intimita Klíčová slova anglicky: water, ritual, purity, women, intimacy Anotace Tato rigorózní práce se zabývá rituální očistou židů v mikve. Mikve je židovská rituální lázeň, která musí splňovat určitá náboženská nařízení, aby mohla být vnímána jako rituálně způsobilá. Veškerá nařízení a zákony týkající se provozu, konstrukce a vody, která smí být použita v lázni, jsou popsány v Mišně v traktátu Mikva'ot. Základem pro rituální způsobilost...
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Czech culture in eyes of foreign students studying Czech universities (university ambient in Prague)
Votavová, Radka ; Šatava, Leoš (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis is concerned with the Czech culture from the view of foreign students of Czech universities and was elaborated on the basis of a field research and studying of accesible literature. The whole text is structured into six main chapters. The introduction contains the subject and structure of the thesis. The second chapter gives attention to the used literature and respondents. The third chapter describes the methodology of my work, foremost the field research, which came through in the form of questionnaire enquiry and set of interviews with foreign students. In the theoretical part there are introduced some important conceptions and also the description of life paths and possibilities of foreign students. The empirical part processes results of the completed field research. The conclusion summarizes remarkable achievements of the thesis.
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Jewish year and his feast
Pilařová, Kateřina ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Krupková, Jaroslava (referee)
The thesis deals with important and festive days in the Jewish calendar. It studies their origin both in historical context and in the context of celebrations and customs observed during the festivals. It deals with the festivals both from the religious point of view, i.e. religious commands and orders, and from the societal point of view where it aims at mapping the customs and traditions which are followed but which are not based on religious texts or rabbi tradition. The scope of the text dedicated in the thesis to specific festivals does not strictly copy the religious importance or the popularity of a particular festival with Jewish population; rather, it is guided by the scope of historical background and customs followed in connection with the festival. As a result, some less popular festivals in the society are more prominent than it would have been expected judging by their importance. The thesis presents individual festivals in the chronological order of the religious year, with the exception of Shabbat which is observed every week and Rosh Chodesh celebrated monthly. These festivals were included before other festivals and make up a separate chapter. The broad scope of the thesis encompassing all festive days, including modern festivals, mostly established by the State of Israel, enables...
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Taltos in Hungarian Culturae Tradition
Horychová, Simona ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (referee)
The aim is to introduce a character of Táltoše in all its complexity. Táltos occurs mainly in Hungarian folklore. It is assumed that in rural environment are kept magic-religious beliefs of Proto-hungarians. Based on comparison of world beliefs Ugro-Finnish and Ural-Altaic ethnic groups of Siberia with the Hungarian folk tradition scientists try to prove that the original function of Táltos was the same as shaman held in Siberian ethnic groups. In the European environment, there are characters with the same attributes which dispose Táltos as well. For this reason, some scientists inclined to an European-Slavic origin. However, at the present Táltos is considered in Hungarian society as a shaman and therefore the scientists try to build on its old religious tradition. Keywords Taltos, shaman, shamanism, Hungarians, ethnogenesis, culture
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The practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Czech Republic
Kaprová, Barbora ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Tereza (referee)
This Bachelor thesis deals with the description of the situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Czech Republic. Therefore it is not based on specialised literature only, but primarily on a questionnaire research and personal interviews with therapists of Chinese Medicine. In order to enhance the validity of the study, the research was conducted between four differently interested groups. The sample of respondents was divided into therapists, physicians, clients of Chinese Medicine and patients of Western Medicine. Another important source of information was the media. The turning point for Chinese Medicine in the Czech Republic is represented in the socio-political revolution in the 1990s. The revolution enabled the development of Chinese Medicine which continues up to the present. This thesis describes the current situation of the field and looks at options for studying Chinese Medicine, public interest in the treatment, and critique from defenders of Western Medicine who wish to preserve and develop only the scientific way of healing. Despite that globalization destroys the differences between the East and the West, Chinese Medicine developed several thousand years ago is still based on its original principles and philosophy. Therefore understanding the principles is essential for the...
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Demons Image in Ancient Mesopotamia and Sumer
Mojžišová, Zuzana ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focus on the image of demons in ancient Mesopotamia and Sumer, as in literature, so in plastic arts, and following comparation with others region literature, most Bible. In the first part, the thesis is dealing with universal characteristic of individual demons, which is complemented with texts from each myth. The next part subscribes direct magic practics by attack of evil spirit and their resemblance with biblical texts. Key words: Demon. Mesopotamia. Myth. Magic. Bible
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Folk traditions and customs as a mirror of social relations. A comparison of three local communities in eastern Bohemia: Velký Vřešťov - Dubenec - Hustířany
Záškoda, Miloslav ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the social and cultural life in three local communities in Eastern Bohemia (Velký Vřešťov, Dubenec, Hustířany). All three localities are situated about 20 km north of Hradec Králové. Their respective populations are 197, 659, and 174. The thesis gives a brief description of the past and the present of these villages, with special focus on institutions (e. g. school) and local organizations. World Wars One and Two and the emergence of the communist regime were the most important events in terms of the impact on the structure of social relations within the communities. The theoretical part of this thesis summarizes the methodological discussions within the Czech ethnography in the second half of the 20th century. The methodological problems of field research and the interpretation of the examined social reality were the primary objects of dispute between two groups of ethnologists. Karel Fojtík and Olga Skalníková were part of the first one; their idea was to use sociological concepts and other methods of social sciences and to promote interdisciplinary studies. The second group is connected with the likes of Ladislav Holý and Milan Stuchlík. This group emphasised research into the residues of social systems of communities, which represent relicts of the old-style village life....
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Bolivians in the Czech Society
Repčáková, Jana ; Korecká, Zuzana (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
The aim of this Bachelor thesis is to capture Bolivian culture in the Czech Republic and depict it's the most important and the most distinctive features. As well, the thesis deals with main features of culture in Bolivia, without we can't really understand other mentality of this nation and compare difference in their homeland and in the Czech Republic. I stressed development of Indian movement from 19th century too. Because of deficiency in professional literature that is written about Bolivians in the Czech Republic I based my thesis on field research. It's described in methodology section. Key words: Bolivia, immigrants, life model, field research, Indian movements in Bolivia, methodology of research
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Nenets - tradition and modernity
Kvíčala, Petr ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
As an introduction to this problem we provide a brief survey to the history and different ways of dealing with the problems of native people in the Tsar era and during the Soviet period, too. Next part of this work describes traditional lifestyle of the Nenets people during all four seasons of the year. Described is material and also spiritual culture. Consequent part IS dedicated to the legislative branch of the state government on the relationship with the native people. This part describe several important acts with the most significant influence for the life of this nations. We focused into the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region to describe local laws and programs for the development of these nations in this concrete local level. The most significant examples for demonstration of the situation and development base we have choosen "Concept of the advancement of the native people." and the programm "Culture, language and traditional style of life of native people of North for the period 2003-2007". The final part describes relations, influences and interests amidst various authorities, organizations, diverse groups and individuals in this sphere. First of all we need to mentioned about government authorities on the federal level and government board on the local level. Then organizations of native people...
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Alois Musil - Czech Orientalist and Publicist
Šajmovičová, Barbora ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Tereza (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the academic and popularize activities of Alois Musil Czech Arabist and Orientalist. The first part of thesis outline life of Alois Musil which is the key to understanding his publications, whether academic or purely towards the wider public. Biographical section aims to highlight moments and contemporary context, which led the priest originally from Hana begin the way of life of cartographer, ethnographer and ethnologist of the Middle East, parts of the Maghreb, the Horn of Africa and India, making him an indelible place in the human history and discoveries. The main part of the thesis is the analysis of academic and popularize activities of Alois Musil with special emphasis on the period of his tenure in the Czechoslovakian Radio. This part is divided into three subsections, each of them is separately dedicated to: academic activities, further popularize activities, and lastly works for Czechoslovakian Radio. These parts are based on extensive works of Alois Musil written in Czech and English language and his own lectures recorded for Czechoslovakian Radio after 1930. The main emphasis is placed upon factual, ethnographical and ethnological contribution of Musil's work, especially the popularization texts. Overall analysis is output of the careful research...
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