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Power Losses Calculation Depending on Distribution Network Configuration
Domes, František ; Souček, Jan (referee) ; Paar, Martin (advisor)
This master‘s thesis deals with the calculation of losses depending on the configuration of the distribution network. The first part focuses on the general theory regarding some used calculation methods of steady operation. The next part is theoreticly dedicated to the technical losses, possibilities of their influencing and their calculation. In the practical part is carried out the choice of calculation method of steady operation. This method is implicated into the proposed program in programming environment MATLAB.Furthermore, on the basis of a partial measurement in the distribution network and using the proposed program are determined the sizes of offtakes of mesh network. For the existing mesh network is designed its radial operation. In the last part are calculated the losses of this network for both of these mentioned operations.
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Laboratory measurement of V-A characteristic of PV cells in LabView environment
Kantor, Pavel ; Paar, Martin (referee) ; Procházka, Zdeněk (advisor)
In this thesis, we will deal with design and realization of measuring programme for laboratory measuring effectivity of photovoltaic converting with of evolutionary programming environment LabView. Thesis provides short ontroduction to the photovoltaic, theory of photoeffect. Describes used materials on production fotovoltaic cells and features major producer cells. Because measuring devices are interconnected with computer over port RS 232, this thesis deal with serial communication. Intoduce with evolutionary programming environment LabView and features possible methods solution of measuring programme. In the end set up instruction of metering.
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Project of Logical Busbar Protection
Kulač, Ivan ; Paar, Martin (referee) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (advisor)
The main objective of master‘s thesis was creation logical overcurrent busbar protection. The first part of document describes teaching test panels with ABB REF feeder protection´s terminals. These panels are installed in Laboratory of electrical protections at Department of electrical power engineering, Faculty of electrical engineering and communication, Brno University of technology. On these panels we can simulate the real involvement of the distribution station. Were subsequently describes used digital protection´s terminals REF 543. Then was designed configuration of these panels so to achieve logical busbar protection, which will be able to assess the short circuit fault and shut the smallest part of the busbar system. Within the configuration it was necessary to solve the cooperation of protection terminals. This was finally accomplished through connecting wires between each test panel. After the configuration it was necessary make the tests. We used secondary protection tester CMC 256plus. After the tests was analysis fault´s records and has been verified the accuracy of the proposed logical busbar protection.
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Design Laboratory Phase Shifting Transformer
Korejčík, Michal ; Švec, Jan (referee) ; Paar, Martin (advisor)
This thesis deals with a power flow control in the electric power system. An overview of FACTS devices is introduced; their basic characteristics as well as examples of their application are discussed. A significant part of this thesis investigates phase shifting transformers (PST´s), which seem to be suitable for implementation in the transmission system of the Czech Republic. The PST´s are useful devices that control active power flows on cross-border lines and regulate unwanted and unexpected power flows. Basic types and characteristics of the PST´s are discussed. In chapter 7 is designed laboratory task that should validate the regulatory capabilities of the transformer PST. Designs of models of individual parts of this laboratory task are presented. In the last part of this thesis the regulation effect of the PST is validated in the GLF/AES program.
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Analysis of Electric Power Consumption of Public Lighting
Varmuža, Jan ; Pavelka, Tomáš (referee) ; Paar, Martin (advisor)
The thesis deals with analysis of the public lighting system from the point of view of light sources and luminaries. It focuses on the specifics of the lighting systems such as lighting for pedestrian crossings or decorative lighting. It analyzes the energy consumption depending on daylight and how it manifests a shift sunrise and sunset on the consumption of electricity. The work clarifies how the model can be simplified sunrise, sunset for the entire Czech Republic. Based on the distribution of municipalities with population over 10,000 and modeling of sunrise and sunset calculation is carried out power consumption of lighting systems and compared to the total consumption of the Czech Republic. Simplification is an estimate of the consumption of electricity to villages to 10 000 people on the basis of the estimate, the final consumption of electricity for public lighting for the entire Czech Republic.
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Genetic Algorithm Design for Distribution Network Outfits Optimalization
Ondruš, Tomáš ; Skala, Petr (referee) ; Paar, Martin (advisor)
The work deals with genetic algorithms and their potential use in application software to optimize high voltage switching elements of distribution network. Theoretical part explains the basic concepts of genetic algorithms such as a gene, population and chromosome and basic principles of the development of genetic algorithms.. The main task of the thesis is to design the algorithm that will simulate the distribution of the sectionalizers by telecontrolled section switches or reclosers and analyze how to set the the parameters affecting the convergence speed of genetic algorithm. The basic parameters affecting the convergence of breeding, mutation probability, population size or using of elitism. The second goal is finding a suitable set of input parameters for the selected population sizes without and with using elitism. The results of the work determine the most appropriate settings for each generation and determining the approximate number of generations needed to find the best solution. The genetic algorithm applocation was tested on a less extensive distribution network with six switching elements
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Study of Power Plant Connection to Power Network
Sýkora, Martin ; Kurfűrst, Jiří (referee) ; Paar, Martin (advisor)
It is necessary to judge the influences of producers on the electric compounds while creating electrical energy or during the regulation of those existing. These analyses are sorted out by so called studies of connectivity. These calculations analyze the degree of connection of the producer and the standby unit during a break-down. The results of this report are several recommendations for creating such unit and succeeding steps leading to secure the stability and safety of the electric compound operation. The aim of this thesis is to discuss about software for PC solutions for static and dynamic network model, to draft power outlet into a network of generating high voltage, to complete a study of connectivity with respect to all the distortion factor, as increased voltage, inrush current at startup, flicker, harmonic currents, interference ripple, contribution to short-circuit current, reactive power control options, and demands for compensation.
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The Continuity Indicators Calculation of E-ON ČR Distribution Network Segment
Girga, Eduard ; Černý, Pavel (referee) ; Paar, Martin (advisor)
The aim of this master’s thesis is calculation and analysis of reliability indicators of the company E.ON Česká republika, s.r.o. distribution network in the south Moravia territory (area of former Jihomoravská energetika) for the period of one year, from 1st November 2008 to 31st October 2009. We consider events incurred on overhead or underground lines of level of high voltage or directly connected with these lines. Events originated from extensive disaster interruption of electric energy supply caused by particularly unfavourable external effects are not considered, because network components can not be efficiently dimensioned on those influences. Known aspects of the events are time of origin, time duration, place and cause of failure inception. Analysis of reliability indicators is accomplished according to different point of view. The first aspect is the hours of day, during which the event lasted. The second aspect is the hours of day, during which the event incurred. The third one focuses component pointed as reliable for the origin of the event. The last standpoint is percentage load of the line outlet, on which the event occurred. We can ordain this load as the proportion of current flowing through the line outlet in the time of event inception and of the value of maximum current set up on the protection of the line outlet. Indications mentioned in the last sentence were searched in the dispatcher centre thanks to graphical interface of application RIS JME Brno. In the theoretical part of the work there is described the structure of distribution network and its fundamental influence on the continuity of electric energy supply, the ways of evaluation and increasing of electric energy supply reliability, regulation of continuity of electric energy supply with emphasis on regulation in the Czech Republic valid until 26th February 2010 and since 27th February 2010. The last theoretical part focuses on definition of failure and differentiation of failures according to various aspects.
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Integration of Photovoltaic Power Plants in the Electricity System
Michl, Pavel ; Paar, Martin (referee) ; Mastný, Petr (advisor)
The thesis discuses an integration of photovoltaic power stations to electric network. The first part describes connecting conditions of small sources to distribution system, including administrative requirements, feasibility study, and requirements to the energy meters, measuring, control devices, switching devices and protection. The second part is aimed to describe problems of the photovoltaic system. Solar radiation generating and reducing of its intensity incident upon the earth surface are described in this part. The quantum of produced electric power depends on climatic conditions in the fixed area, seasons, etc. This work also discusses the types of photovoltaic cells and their actual efficiency. Inverters are further important components of the photovoltaic system. The parameters of the inverters have a great influence on the total actual efficiency of the photovoltaic system. Different methods of the photovoltaic panels’ connection with the inverters and their advantages and disadvantages are also mentioned. The supporting structure of the photovoltaic panels and eventually transformer are further important components of photovoltaic system. The work also analyze the methods of connection of the photovoltaic power station to distributive low voltage and medium voltage network, electric energy accumulation and possibilities of the sale of produced electric energy. The large number of the connected photovoltaic power stations has negative influences to electric network. The third part contains the design of a photovoltaic power plant with a capacity of 516,24 kWp on the scoped area in southern Bohemia. The project documentation for the location where the power plant is designed is also made. It contains the design of photovoltaic panels, the design of the inverters to get an optimal power load. This part also contains a calculation of the photovoltaic system losses and the design of transformer and the cable junction calculation of the distributive system. The feasibility study of the power plant connected to distributive system is also conducted. Its delivery rate will be connected to the distribution point Řípov (110/22 kV). The calculation results show us that this photovoltaic power plant can be linked to the distribution system. The final part of this paper contains an economic estimate of the photovoltaic power plant operating and the calculation of the return. An Economic return is influenced by the wide range of values that affect the total return rate. The calculation of an operating economy is made for several variants. The return rate in refer to contemporary redemption price for 2010 with no consideration for a bank loan is 7 years. If we consider the bank loan it would be 12 years. The penetrative reduction of the redemption price is expected for 2011. Calculation works with the decline of 30 %. It would extend the rate of return to 11 years without a bank loan or to 22 years with the bank loan. The bank loan is considered to cover 80 % of the investment.
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Analysis of production process completeness of switchgears
Stokláska, Jiří ; Bernard,, Michal (referee) ; Paar, Martin (advisor)
This thesis introduces company ABB Brno and its products. It describes the manufacturing process of a switchgear and it is focused at working procedures at particular points of the assembly line. The main part analyzes the root causes of the incompleteness of switchgears in the relation to the components availability. Time footprint was worked out. As a conclusion the proposal of changes in manufacturing process to improve the level of completeness are stated.
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