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Paliative Care in the Czech Republic. Comparism of the Church and non-Church Establishments
Fajstavrová, Elena ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Matějek, Jaromír (referee)
FAJSTAVROVÁ, Elena. Palliative care in the Czech Republic. Comparison between church based and non-church based care institutes. The diploma thesis focuses on the palliative care in the Czech Republic, on the comparison between the church based and non-church based institutes. The thesis carries out a research in six different institutes providing a palliative care. Based on interviews with doctors, spirituals and patient the institutes provide answers to main research topics of the thesis. By analysis of the interviews the care in different types of institutes and also in the particular institutes is examined and compared. The final part of the thesis summarizes the research with a study of ethical issues in dying. The diploma thesis provides examples in theory and practise of end of life care. The thesis can be used as a source of information for those looking for a palliative care.
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The limits of freedom of research or man the lord of his evolution?
Mašková, Hedvika ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Matějek, Jaromír (referee)
Limits of scientific research freedom or is a human being the master of his evolution? The possibility of therapeutic cloning arises a lot of ethical problems. There is an ill, suffering person on the one hand and there is the possibility of granting the personal status to the embryo on the other hand. Not everything the person can do, he also shall do. My work particularly deals with the meaning of the term embryo, whether an embryo is a human being with his human rights or not. It is also focused on the legal status of embryo in the Czech Republic and other countries, as well. The second part of my work points out to the other possibilities leading of treatment without the using of embryotic cells. Keywords Therapeutic cloning, the term person, bioethics, ontological personalism, empiric functionalism, gradualism, eugenics, xenotransplantation
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Marriage and its moral aspects
Nevečeřalová, Anna ; Lorman, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
The purpose of diploma thesis 'Marriage and its moral aspects' is to enquire whether marriage represents a better form of relationship than cohabitation and whether there are any particular values or moral good related to marriage. The dissertation abstains from purely theological arguments. Marriage is apprehended in terms of the west society; it is defined as a permanent, monogamous bond between man and woman that is formally founded and that changes the social status of its members (Chapter 1). The thesis provides analysis of each of the essentials of marriage; it examines their foundation and identifies differences between marriage and cohabitation. Subsequently it enquires the moral significance of these differences for human life as well as for society (Chapter 2). Particular conclusions of Chapter 2 are synthesised within the discourse on the double nature of marriage - legal institution and relationship (Chapter 3). Through comparison of the institutional and the contractual theory of marriage, the thesis elucidates the adequate legal concept of marriage which seems to be the institution. While they are both relationships in their nature, marriage differs from cohabitation in its institutional structure. The apology of marriage is therefore based on this structure propping itself upon...
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The diversity of personality and spirituality types in the priesthood
Beran, Jiří ; Sládek, Karel (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
The diversity of personality and forms of spirituality in the priesthood Every priest, who received the serving, sacramental priesthood, should try to be another Christ. Nevertheless, each person is an original however, and his behavior is influenced by inherited characteristics, congenital conditions, and different life stories. During my studies of theology, I tried to explain the differences related to the priests I followed, by their different attitude toward Christ and his church. During my studies, I also started to perceive the importance of the priest's attitude toward the humanity of Christ. The connexion to the orthodoxy has always attraced me. While I was writing my thesis, I tried to find the answer to the differencies in the diversity, which, for many people within the church, is a problem to settle with, or to justify. So, the thesis is dedicated to the research of the personalities of the priests, to their own attitude, their own spirituality, and its influence on people. I would like this thesis to help to make people understand that we can all reach the same Destination by using more possible ways, which depend on our humanity and our nature. I am convinced that just the good spirituality is something which respects the diversity and the unrepeatability of the particular ways. Key...
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Moral content and influence of Christian sexual ethics manuals
Kohoutek, Lukáš ; Lorman, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
The present dissertation on the topic of The Moral content and influence of Christian manuals on sexual ethics opens with the definitions of key terms and the establishment of a methodology for a sample SWOT analysis of the chosen texts. First, the current state of scientific knowledge of human sexuality is charted both within the sphere of natural sciences and the humanities. Next, the teachings of the Magisterium on sexuality in marriage are presented, evaluated and finally confronted with the findings of modern sciences. In this way, a complex view of human sexuality both "from below" and "from the top" emerges. A SWOT analysis of manuals on sexual ethics, modified for the purpose of this study, has been carried out based on these findings. The output of the analysis suggests a potential influence of the contents and forms of these texts on their readers. The study concludes with a formulation of several recommendations, which might contribute not only to the improvement of the quality of the handbooks but, more importantly, also to the improvement of the relationship of young people to the positive teachings of the Church on human sexuality.
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Totalitarian thinking: a critique by Theodor Adorno
Klubalová, Jitka ; Noble, Ivana (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
There is still a totalitarian regime in some countries of the world. This regime does not allow its citizens to develop their individual development, violates human rights and does not respect a personal freedom. There is an obvious centralisation of power, suppressed diversity and very strong tool of power is ideology in these states. A way of thinking of a ruling establishment, but also of people who are in thrall of the totalitarian regime could be called as a totalitarian thinking. Theodor Adorno was concerned by the critique of such thinking and he also wanted to name the pathological attributes of such thinking. Adorno's main idea is the concept of identity and non-identity: how we name the world. We need to name the the reality around us, because as humans this ability to categorise influences our view of reality. It is how we judge society and our behaviour within it. The opinions of Theodor Adorno are accompanied by Václav Havel's reflections. Havel lived the significant part of his life in totalitarian Czechoslovakia and throughout his works he was concerned with the phenomenon of a "post-totalitarian system ". The texts of both of these thinkers form the basis for the personal attempt of the author to discuss the phenomena which lead to totalitarianism.
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Dream about the Paradise on Earth in the Work of Dostojevskij
Netopilová, Barbora ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Sládek, Karel (referee)
The dream about an earthly paradise, rediscovery of an original, absolutely harmonic paradisal life is, in Dostoevskij's opinion, one of the deepest and the most valuable dreams of the human heart. The spiritual course of any human being has its own history, it is born from thesis (babtism), goes through antithesis (crises) and finishes in synthesis (beauty). A man comes from the Eden Paradise and aims at heaven. So, a man in course of his spiritual life is in a real split into two paradises: the Eden Paradise from which he is coming from and the Kingdom of God where he is aiming at. The midpoint of the life course is accompanied by a crisis, that can also be described as separation from the the paradise. The characters of novels by Dostoevskij failed due to the fact, that they were not able to admit their presence between two "paradise states" and so their ideas about earthly paradise establishment were being corrupted. In our piece of work we are going to follow four trends: 1. Time corruption, incorrectly understood sense of history. The tendency to return back where a man came from, in an origenestic, cyclic interpretation of a comeback is apparent in a story The Dream of a Ridiculous Man. Another extreme shows marxism ideas going around Europe which deny both the importance and the sense of...
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Social responsibility of an organization according to the Christian social teaching (theological ethical reflection)
Štěpánová, Helena ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Lorman, Jaroslav (referee)
Bibliografická citace Společenská odpovědnost organizace v zrcadle křesťanské sociální nauky (teologicko- etická reflexe): bakalářská práce / Helena Štěpánová; vedoucí práce Libor Ovečka.- - Praha, 2014. - - s. 39 Abstract The Bachelor thesis "Corporate Social Responsibility in the view of Christian Social Teaching (theological-ethical reflection)" first briefly presents Christian social teaching and ethics, their principles, standards and instruments. Then the thesis deals with Christian economic and business ethics as well as its purely economic concepts. The main part of the thesis concerns corporate social responsibility, focusing on its characteristics, forms, instruments and the role of stakeholders. Two concepts of responsibility are scrutinised: the interpretation according to management theory in contrast to Christian social teaching. The thesis' main conclusion is the theological- ethical reflection of corporate responsibility, the stipulation of the differences between the two concepts as well as the reasons for this distinction. Key words Responsibility, Social Responsibility, Christian Social Teaching and Ethics, Business Ethics, Stakeholders 2 Obsah Úvod ………………………………………………………………………… 2 1. Křesťanská sociální nauka - principy, kritéria a nástroje ……… 4 1.1. Biblické východisko křesťanské...
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Understanding Work in the Social Teaching of the Church
Nohel, Petr ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Sládek, Karel (referee)
The title of this bachelor thesis is "Understanding Work in the Social Teaching of the Church". Individual topics related to the field of work and general human activity are presented here in accordance with social encyclicals written from 1891 to 1991. Each theme connected to work is presented gradually, so that its genesis, conception and development can be followed, depending on the changeable conditions of each time period. It becomes obvious that the basic postulates of encyclicals stay compact in their general frames, they are, however, modified by different popes. Moreover, each pope puts emphasis on specific aspects of the themes, according to current needs of social evolution. Consequently, social encyclicals show a number of phenomena changing within one hundred years. These are for example: right to work and strike, work of women and children, redistribution of estates, value of earnings or spirituality of work as human contribution to creation.
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