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Theory and Practice in the Care of Patients with Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
NOVOTNÁ, Štěpánka
The bachelor thesis deals with the care of patients with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. It is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part describes enteral nutrition, malnutrition, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, and nursing care. The practical part includes processing and evaluation of the results obtained in the research investigation. Two objectives were set for the bachelor thesis. The first objective was to determine the level of knowledge in nursing care of the PEG patient. The second objective was to determine whether nurse working in the selected wards follow the procedures according to the standards of nursing care when treating PEG. To meet the objectives, a semi-structured interview was chosen which included twenty-three questions. Interviews were conducted with ten nurses in the internal medicine and oncology wards treating patients with PEG. The results support the fact that the level of education and length of experience influence the nursing care of the percutaneous endoscopy gastrostomy patients. It was found that some probands do patient preparation before PEG insertion and patient care on day 1 of PEG insertion. The probands are able to administer nutrition, care for the puncture area and administer medications and fluids into the probe. Problems were encountered in suctioning of gastric contents and rotation of the cannula. Most probands adhere to the department 's standard and continue to educate themselves with the help of seminars, books, or the internet. Afterwards, the interviews revealed that probands mostly encountered complications such as redness around the puncture site or pulling out the PEG probe. It was also investigated how nurses record nursing care in the documentation and how they educate the family or the patient upon discharge to home care.
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Changes in the Presentation of the Human Shape in Creative Works
Novotná, Štěpánka ; Hůla, Zdenek (advisor) ; Cikánová, Karla (referee)
This work is divided into the three parts - the teoretic, the art and the didactic, which is presented art - educational project and its reflection. The teoretic part is sighted into the changes of the prezentation in the human looks in the fine arts since the end of the 19,h century (till present.)- nemusí to tam být). These changes were studied in their realation to make-up, costume and mask. Each part approached the autor individually and as a feature that reflect the society situation. The art work is presented by drawings, paintings, pictures, masks and faces accesories, that are sighted into the changes of the human looks.
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Development and dynamics of the palatal and pharyngeal dentition in sterlet
Novotná, Štěpánka ; Soukup, Vladimír (advisor) ; Oralová, Veronika (referee)
Dentition is a key vertebrate innovation showing not only great morphological diversity, but also different maintenance or replacement of functional teeth. Most extant vertebrates replace their dentition through addition of new teeth from deeply invaginated epithelium, i.e. the successional dental lamina, due to presence of dental stem cells. However, in some early branching lineages of ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii), new tooth germs arise from the adjacent superficial epithelium without the presence of the successional dental lamina. Whether the two types of dental development in vertebrates are equivalent and whether comparable dental stem cells play role in tooth replacement is currently not satisfactorily evaluated. This Master thesis aims at describing the development of palatal and pharyngeal dentition of a member of an early branching lineage of ray-finned fishes, the sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus). The sterlet dentition is fairly dynamic. The teeth are replaced without the successional dental lamina, however, this replacement shows characteristics similar to those described in vertebrates with the successional dental lamina. A marker of dental stem/progenitor cells, Sox2, is localized in the outer dental epithelium of the predecessor tooth in the vicinity of the adjacent taste...
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Modulation of the pharyngeal dentition during the vertebrate evolution
Novotná, Štěpánka ; Soukup, Vladimír (advisor) ; Zahradníček, Oldřich (referee)
Teeth represent a key evolutionary novelty of vertebrates. The dentition of the majority of extant vertebrates is present in the oral cavity associated with jaws and palate and/or in the pharyngeal cavity asscociated with the last pharyngeal arch. The ancestral state of the vertebrate dentition is considered to be presence of teeth through the whole oropharyngeal cavity. This state is however preserved only in few members of extant osteichthyans (for example bichir and latimeria). The other vertebrates gradually lost the pharyngeal dentition. The basal groups of actinopterygians meet the conditions of preservation of the ancestral states and are thus relevant for understanding the initial state in the evolution of vertebrate dentitions. On the other hand, some derived actinopterygian lineages contain members with the most specialized pharyngeal dentitions. This bachelor thesis concentrates on the description of pharyngeal dentitions accross vertebrates and focuses on members of basal actinopterygian lineages (bichir, sturgeon and gar), which from the point of view of dental evolution represent crutial, although neglected animals. Detailed description of pharyngeal dentitions of these animals will form a basis for the upcoming Diploma project. Key words: teeth, dentition, evolution, vertebrates, pharynx
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Changes in the Presentation of the Human Shape in Creative Works
Novotná, Štěpánka ; Hůla, Zdenek (advisor) ; Cikánová, Karla (referee)
This work is divided into the three parts - the teoretic, the art and the didactic, which is presented art - educational project and its reflection. The teoretic part is sighted into the changes of the prezentation in the human looks in the fine arts since the end of the 19,h century (till present.)- nemusí to tam být). These changes were studied in their realation to make-up, costume and mask. Each part approached the autor individually and as a feature that reflect the society situation. The art work is presented by drawings, paintings, pictures, masks and faces accesories, that are sighted into the changes of the human looks.
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The level of physical activity among high school students and their parents of Secondary school business, Husova, České Budějovice
NOVOTNÁ, Štěpánka
The presented work seeks to determine the level of physical activity among secondary school students in the nation-wide research of the active lifestyle and fitness of Czech youth. The research is primarily focused on the relationship between physical fitness defined on the basis of test kits health-related fitness of children and youth INDARES and BMI, body fat at adolescents. To collect data for the research was used a standardized questionnaire IPEN, monitoring the number of steps using pedometers Yamax Digiwalker SW-700 and health-related fitness testing using the test kits INDARES. The research was conducted in December 2014 and May 2015. Data were obtained from 55 secondary school students aged 16-18 in the České Budějovice. The results of the survey revealed that the average value of the respondents BMI and body fat is normal health-related fitness. Research has shown that the amount of body fat (r = 0.5200, p = 0.000) has a greater effect on the test aerobic fitness than BMI (r = 0.2569, p = 0.000). Physical inactivity brings health risks and just that should be the impetus for a change of lifestyle.
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Elaboration and education benefits of websites "Vegetarianism and healthy life style"
NOVOTNÁ, Štěpánka
Many people nowadays have well-understood that physical well-being is an important condition for a well-balanced, satisfied and worthwhile life. This bachelor work analyses history, types, and positive influence of vegetarianism on health, as well as reasons for this kind of lifestyle. It also defines the healthy lifestyle and its factors. Its aim is elaboration and educational effectivity of the wegpages "Vegetarianism and Healthy Lifestyle" for the department of Institute of Health Education at the Pedagogical Faculty of the University of South Bohemia. The following methods have been used: the method of contentual analysis of literature, the method of quantitatively-oriented research based on anonymous questionnaire inquiry, the method of the closed dichotomic question, the method of the open question, the method of the statistic evaluation, and the method of making websites. Based on the stratified selection, two hundred and forty students of the second year of the bachelor studies at all the faculties of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, have been addressed. The results of the research have shown that 66 % of all the respondents are in favour of the creation of the website "Vegetarianism and Healthy Lifestyle". 52 % out of the total of 66 % were women, which has proved the second hypothesis of the thesis. The findings of the research have also shown that the students have high interest in vegetarianism and healthy lifestyle.
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