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Analysis of the impact of village funds as fiscal decentratlization policy on reducing poverty level of rural communities in Indonesia
Anam, Choirul ; Plaček, Michal (advisor) ; Nemec, Juraj (referee) ; Vaceková, Gabriela (referee)
Not only does decentralization transfer of powers and functions from central government to local governments, but also about how the people can stimulate rural development to gradually improve their welfare. In fact, not all countries that implement decentralization get the same results in terms of their impact on economic growth and poverty alleviation. This research applies an exploratory approach that is enhanced by structured interviews and field research, as well as an empirical approach that is strengthened by stepwise regression. The aim of this research is to see the interconnection between village funds policies and poverty alleviation in Indonesia. The results show that per capita village funds can reduce poverty even though it may differ between provinces. However, proportional of village funds has the opposite impact if they are overly dependent on the central government transfers. In addition, some of the research findings appear to contradict the theory due to the influence of the unique character and culture of Indonesian people. The village funds program in Indonesia has become a unique and challenging issue for researchers. Therefore, further research can be done by concentrating on the other impacts of village funds in Indonesia than poverty which is essential to enrich the...
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Impact of the Openness of Public Tenders and Traceability of the Beneficial Owner on the Price of Public Procurement
Stehlík, Petr ; Ochrana, František (advisor) ; Nemec, Juraj (referee) ; Pavel, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse factors that contributes to public procurement overpricing in the Czech Republic. The paper combines use of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Existence of competition effect is proved, thus increase of competitors in selection procedure causes that final price decreases. Non-transparent suppliers in terms of traceability of beneficial owner is detected as next factor that contributes to overpricing. Also some types of contracts are showed as more problematic than others. Results of qualitative part of the research reveal other causes of overpricing, such as corruption, weak institutional environment or behaviour of public authorities. Public policy recommendations are presented at the end of the paper in order to improve current state of affairs.
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Public procurement in systemic corruption environment
Langr, Ivan ; Ochrana, František (advisor) ; Nemec, Juraj (referee) ; Plaček, Michal (referee)
The dissertation aims to examine the phenomenon of systemic corruption in the Czech public procurement environment and to propose a theoretical concept that would help to identify the causes and risks of this phenomenon. In parallel, the dissertation elaborates on the basis for proposing an effective anti-corruption policy that would address the underlying systemic causes. Methodologically, the dissertation builds on the analysis of public procurement by the Office for the Protection of Competition and the Supreme Audit Office, on the court case analysis and media discourse and also on interviews with respondents from the Czech public administration, academia, non-profit sector, and investigative bodies.
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Impact of the Openness of Public Tenders and Traceability of the Beneficial Owner on the Price of Public Procurement
Stehlík, Petr ; Ochrana, František (advisor) ; Nemec, Juraj (referee) ; Pavel, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse factors that contributes to public procurement overpricing in the Czech Republic. The paper combines use of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Existence of competition effect is proved, thus increase of competitors in selection procedure causes that final price decreases. Non-transparent suppliers in terms of traceability of beneficial owner is detected as next factor that contributes to overpricing. Also some types of contracts are showed as more problematic than others. Results of qualitative part of the research reveal other causes of overpricing, such as corruption, weak institutional environment or behaviour of public authorities. Public policy recommendations are presented at the end of the paper in order to improve current state of affairs.
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Cost Management and Budgeting in the Government Sector
Hammer, Jiří ; Vítek, Leoš (advisor) ; Ochrana, František (referee) ; Nemec, Juraj (referee)
Dissertation deals with the issue of cost management and budgeting through the methodology ABC / ABM. Using the ABC model allows for higher transparency in the costs in state organisational units. At the same time more effective cost management, including budget, through causal relationship between processes in organizations and their costs. Dissertation redefines the process of creating a model for state organisational units and analyzes the influence of various factors on the level of individual cost categories. In summarizing the outcome of the ratios based on the number of employees used to calculate the costs they are not very useful. The results of the regression analysis will confirm that a significant impact is mainly used asset value and technological developments.
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Determinants of Social Expenditure Levels in the EU
Roženský, Vojtěch ; Ochrana, František (advisor) ; Izák, Vratislav (referee) ; Nemec, Juraj (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to identify the determiants of social expenditure levels in EU member states and estimate the sensitivities. The analysis is based on the fixed effects model with robust standard errors. Seven out of the 24 variables, that have been tested, are statistically significant. Social expenditure levels are positively dependent on population ageing, unemployment rate and economic level, and negatively on economic growth. The openness of economy and public debt ratio are also robust. The presence of a christian party in government is also statistically significant, however, the coefficient is not theoretically consistent. The sensitivity of social expenditure level to the share of population aged 65 years and over on the total population, is about 0,30. It means, that on average, the rise in the share of the old by 1 percentage point, is followed by the rise of social expenditure level by 0,3% of the GDP. In case of unemployment rate, economic growth and the openness of economy, the sensitivity estimates are 0,3, -0,1 and -0,03. The sensitivities to the other three robust variables cannot be quantified due to a strong dependence on the exact model specification or a bias, caused by extreme values. The expenditure on pensions are relatively more dependent on population ageing, whereas other social expenditure are more sensitive to current position in economic cycle. The determinants in the old and the new EU member states are similar, with only one exception, as the expenditure levels in the new member states are less dependent on demographic structure. The model explains international differences and the changes during the period between 1990 and 2010.
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Instruments for Private Higher Education Financing
Schmutzler, David ; Urbánek, Václav (advisor) ; Izák, Vratislav (referee) ; Nemec, Juraj (referee)
The main objective of the dissertation is to evaluate and compare higher education financing instruments in regard to their practical advantageousness. None of the publications covering higher education financing so far have dealt with the question of practicability and market acceptance of the different higher education financing instruments currently being offered. The author intended to close this gap, providing a practical analysis of the mode of operation as well as a thorough comparison of private higher education financing instruments in respect to their applicability.
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Funded pensions in the Czech republic conditions - evaluation and future trends
Zelenka, Radim ; Hamerníková, Bojka (advisor) ; Klazar, Stanislav (referee) ; Nemec, Juraj (referee)
My thesis is concerned to old age pension scheme issue in the Czech republic conditions. There is an analyse of PAYG and funded system from individual point of view. The aim of this work is to construct a model which would be able to inform individuals about the effectiveness of each current pension pillar. Model of comparison defined pension age break-even point, which represent age when the total amount of contributions payd are equal to retired pay received. By using original model, it is possible to find minimum desired value of returns from private pension funds.
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Analysis of Public Services at the Municipal Level
Rousek, Pavel ; Ochrana, František (advisor) ; Pavel, Jan (referee) ; Šelešovský, Jan (referee) ; Nemec, Juraj (referee)
There are analyzed in this dissertation thesis the public services delivered on the municipal level. This issue is analyzed comprehensive at first. There are analyzed six services in detail after then. These are the six following services: waste, cemetery, greenery, communications, lighting and sewage. The text of this thesis is divided into two major units. The first chapter describes the theoretical background of the problem and the methodology for elaboration. The second chapter analyzes the problem of public services in terms of theoretical con-cepts, legal terms and authors own investigation. This chapter analyzes in detail six selected public services. It is completed draft measures for the municipal public ser-vices. The aim of this dissertation thesis is to find out the State-of-Art of public service deli-vering and to purpose possible changes leading to demand approach of municipal service delivering.
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Nástroje soukromého financování vysokoškolského vzdělání
Schmutzler, David ; Urbánek, Václav (advisor) ; Nemec, Juraj (referee) ; Izák, Vratislav (referee)
The main objective of the dissertation is to evaluate and compare higher education financing instruments in regard to their practical advantageousness. None of the publications covering higher education financing so far have dealt with the question of practicability and market acceptance of the different higher education financing instruments currently being offered. The author intended to close this gap, providing a practical analysis of the mode of operation as well as a thorough comparison of private higher education financing instruments in respect to their applicability.
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