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Accelerometer-based quality estimation and segmentation of ECG signal and compression of high-quality segments
Opravilová, Kamila ; Smital, Lukáš (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
This diploma thesis is devoted to segmentation of ECG signal based on its quality and compression of quality segments suitable for diagnostics (in telemedicine). A completely new approach is to use accelerometer data to estimate ECG signal quality. This is possible thanks to the Bittium Faros mobile recorder. It records both the ECG signal motion – accelerometric data. A total of 34 features were extracted from accelerometric data. Using these features the predictive model was taught to classify the ECG signal into 3 quality groups according to the level of noise. Quality segments were compressed. The wavelet transform in combination with high-frequency bands zeroing and length encoding was used as a compression method.
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Analysis of biologically active substances in apricot oil
Valasová, Denisa ; Márová, Ivana (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
The Master’s thesis is focused on the analysis of biologically active substances in apricot kernel oil. Apricot oil has recently begun to be widely used in the cosmetics industry, particularly as a part of massage oils or as part of moisturizing creams. The aim of this thesis is to characterize and assess the quality of apricot oil, determination of the content of selected active ingredients, through a series of analytical methods, and subsequent use of this oil in cosmetics and food industry. The thesis is based on the comparison of the quality of pure apricot oil and the oil after the fermentation process. It has been found that apricot kernel oil actually contains large amounts of unsaturated fatty acids. The excellent antioxidant activity of apricot kernels was proven too, especially those after fermentation. In addition to antioxidant activity, the samples contain a relatively large amount of tocopherol after the fermentation. Tocopherol is important for the uptake of free radicals in lipid bilayers, thus slowing down aging, protect the membranes and also prevent from possible cardiovascular and oncological diseases. Furthermore, in the Master’s thesis there were confirmed not only the hydration effects of creams with apricot oil, but also their ability of inhibic transepidermal loss of water from the epidermis. Creams were tested on five probands, aged 23–24, with different skin types. After the application of creams to their skin, these properties greatly improved, the skin has been regenerated and hydrated for 24 hours after the treatment.
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Optimization of DNA isolation form yogurt cultures and their detection by RT-PCR
Šurková, Alice ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Brázda, Václav (advisor)
The thesis has optimized DNA isolation from pure yoghurt cultures and yoghurt products. The isolated DNA was than subjected to RT-PCR analysis. In the first part of the thesis, DNA isolation from pure yoghurt cultures using a commercial kit was evaluated as more effective than isolation by phenol extraction and magnetic microparticles. To assess the quality and quantity of DNA obtained the spectrophotometric determination of concentration and purity and qPCR were used. DNA of a total of ten pure yoghurt cultures in a quality suitable for PCR was obtained using the commercial kit. In the second part of the thesis, bacterial DNA was isolated from yoghurt products using the same commercial kit with a previous sample washing by lysation solution. DNA of six yoghurt products was isolated this way. Furthermore, two packages of homemade yoghurt were mad of each product, of which DNA was isolated in the same way. DNA obtained from yoghurts was subjected to RT-PCR using six pairs of primers (V3_F a V3_R, V6_F a V6_R, V1_F a V1_R, GroHRM_F a GroHRM_R, UPF a UPR, P1V1 a P2V1) and using the pure cultures DNA as a positive controls. The results confirmed the presence of cultures declared in each yoghurt and their ability to multiply after inoculation into a new medium (milk).
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Biological effects of various hemp fractions
Vacková, Hana ; Skoumalová, Petra (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
Cannabis is the only plant which contains cannabinoids and thanks to these compounds it has enormous potential. This thesis deals with the analysis of technical hemp. Effects of cannabinoids and methods used for cannabis analysis are discussed in the theoretical part. The experimental part includes spectrophotometric characterization of cannabis, it´s antimicrobial effects and thin layer chromatography analysis. Three sorts of Cannabis sativa L. were analyzed, namely Finola, Fedora and Kompolti. Firstly, the content of polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity in prepared tinctures were determined. Moreover, antimicrobial test were performed using disk test and turbidity determination. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeast organism were tested. It was found that cannabis tinctures possess good antimicrobial effects. Some of them are comparable with synthetic antibiotics. Finally, thin layer chromatography enabled visualization of cannabinoids in prepared tinctures.
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Preparation of anti-dandruff cosmetic products using technical hemp
Posoldová, Kateřina ; Fialová, Lenka (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
The main theme of this bachelor’s thesis is technical hemp and its effects on dandruff. Hemp has been a plant known for years not only because of the hallucinogenic substances which it contains, but also those for that are beneficial to our bodies. The theoretical part characterises hemp and the active substances from it. Then the thesis discusses about skin and a condition called dandruff. The next part describes yeast, which is very often occurs in hair skin disease. The practical part involves preparing ethanol extracts from two varieties of hemp, determining the active substances in the prepared extract and cosmetic products with added hemp extract. Extracts and products were tested using the antimicrobial method. The inhibitory effect was studied on representatives of bacteria and yeast.
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Comparison of data from smartphones, fitness trackers, and specialised devices
Kačníková, Diana ; Smital, Lukáš (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
The focus of this thesis is the comparissement of data from smart phones, fitness bracelets and specialized devices. Thesis includes description of features when using special devices such as smart phone, Axivity AX3 bracelet and Fitbit Alta HR for data recording. Signals were recorded using those devices with different anatomical locations and sampling frequencies. Those data recorded were implemented for three algorithms created for activity classification. Detection accuracy was calculated for each signal recorded. Devices, sampling frequencies and anatomical locations were compared based on the accuracy. Ultimate combination of sampling frequency, anatomical location and suitable device was defined.
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Microbial production of carotenoid pigments using waste substrates
Němcová, Andrea ; Ing.Martina Čarnecká, Ph.D. (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Carotenoids are naturally occurring pigments produced by bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi and plants. They exhibit significant biological effects and are widely used in the food industry, pharmacy and cosmetics. The aim of this diploma thesis proposed as a comparative study was regulation of carotenoid and ergosterol production in red yeasts using several waste substrates as whey, corn germs, wheat, apple fiber and pasta. To selected production media extracellular hydrolytic enzymes degrading polysaccharide were added. These enzymes were obtained from the cultivation media of four fungal strains. In this study three carotenogenic yeast strains were used: Rhodotorula glutinis, Sporobolomyces roseus and Cystofilobasidium capitatum. All strains were cultivated simultaneously and changes in biomass and carotenoid production in different production media were monitored and compared. As the best waste substrate apple fiber was utilized, particularly in Rhodotorula glutinis, which exhibited mainly biomass production increase. In Sporobolomyces roseus increased production of biomass and carotenoids have been reported in media with hydrolyzed fiber and pasta as well. Beta-carotene production in this strain reached 4776,38 mg/g of dry weight. The strain Cystofilobasidium capitatum exhibited in waste media a decerase of biomass production accompanied with increased production of carotenoids, especially in wheat mush and pasta medium hydrolyzed by enzyme preparative from Aureobasidium pullulan. It can be concluded that hydrolyzed waste substrates are very hopeful as cheap nutrient sources for yeast strains producing carotenoids and ergosterol. Nevertheless, further study of substrate processing for individual strains is needed.
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Accuracy of Personal Glucometers
Kroulíková, Markéta ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Sekora, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis deals with accuracy measurement of personal glucometers. The theoretical part is focused on processing information about glucose and its role in organism, diabetes mellitus, procedures and devices used in self-monitoring of glucose. The next part is focused on preparation of practical part, especially describing available personal glucometer, testing its measuring accuracy, the calculation of necessary measurements to perform the experiment and a description of the reference sample for data measurement.
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Compression of ECG signals recorded using mobile ECG device
Had, Filip ; Vítek, Martin (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
Signal compression is necessary part for ECG scanning, because of relatively big amount of data, which must be transmitted primarily wirelessly for analysis. Because of the wireless sending it is necessary to minimize the amount of data as much as possible. To minimize the amount of data, lossless or lossy compression algorithms are used. This work describes an algorithm SPITH and newly created experimental method, based on PNG, and their testing. This master’s thesis there is also a bank of ECG signals with parallel sensed accelerometer data. In the last part, modification of SPIHT algorithm, which uses accelerometer data, is described and realized.
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A complex study of biological effects of some soya products
Ručková, Michaela ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Soybeans and products thereof are considered as a very contradictory legume across layman and expert opinions. Some see it almost as a “superfood” while others avoid it due to its biologically active content with an unclear effect on the organism. As a lot of research on soybeans was already performed the content varies considerably and it is not easy to grasp the issue correctly. The objective of the research part of the thesis is a structuralized study of already published scientific knowledge to clarify the current state of the art. Experimental part of the thesis focuses on characterisation of soy and its products in terms of active ingredients content and determination of antioxidants and antimicrobial effect. After that, the cytotoxic effect on human heterogeneous colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line and mouse melanoma cell line is determined by in vitro testing. All obtained information and results of experimental part could possibly serve as a starting point for further study of soy and soy products, both in the dissertation and in the submission of a grant project.
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