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Computerized Adaptive Testing In Kinanthropology: Monte Carlo Simulations Using The Physical Self Description Questionnaire
Komarc, Martin ; Štochl, Jan (advisor) ; Martinková, Patrícia (referee) ; Scheier, Lawrence (referee)
This thesis aims to introduce the use of computerized adaptive testing (CAT) - a novel and ever increasingly used method of a test administration - applied to the field of Kinanthropology. By adapting a test to an individual respondent's latent trait level, computerized adaptive testing offers numerous theoretical and methodological improvements that can significantly advance testing procedures. In the first part of the thesis, the theoretical and conceptual basis of CAT, as well as a brief overview of its historical origins and basic general principles are presented. The discussion necessarily includes the description of Item Response Theory (IRT) to some extent, since IRT is almost exclusively used as the mathematical model in today's CAT applications. Practical application of CAT is then evaluated using Monte-Carlo simulations involving adaptive administration of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ) (Marsh, Richards, Johnson, Roche, & Tremayne, 1994) - an instrument widely used to assess physical self-concept in the field of sport and exercise psychology. The Monte Carlo simulation of the PSDQ adaptive administration utilized a real item pool (N = 70) calibrated with a Graded Response Model (GRM, see Samejima, 1969, 1997). The responses to test items were generated based on item...
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Detection of Differential Item Functioning with Non-Linear Regression: Non-IRT Approach Accounting for Guessing
Drabinová, Adéla ; Martinková, Patrícia
In this article, we present a new method for estimation of Item Response Function and for detection of uniform and non-uniform Differential Item Functioning (DIF) in dichotomous items based on Non-Linear Regression (NLR). Proposed method extends Logistic Regression (LR) procedure by including pseudoguessing parameter. NLR technique is compared to LR procedure and Lord’s and Raju’s statistics for three-parameter Item Response Theory (IRT) models in simulation study based on Graduate Management Admission Test. NLR shows superiority in power at low rejection rate over IRT methods and outperforms LR procedure in power for case of uniform DIF detection. Our research suggests that the newly proposed non-IRT procedure is an attractive and user friendly approach to DIF detection.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: v1229-16-version2 - PDF; v1229-16 - PDF
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Properties and production of microbial lipases
Martinková, Patrícia ; Reichstädter, Marek (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
Bachelor´s thesis is focused on testing the culture media for growing various strains of yeasts, producing lipolytic enzymes and to study the influence of culture media composition on the production of lipolytic enzymes. Theoretical part of this thesis states the characteristics of lipolytic enzymes, their properties, sources, conditions for their production and the possibilities of their application. Together 8 strains of yeasts were used in the experimental part of the thesis, namely 2 strains of Yarrowia lipolytica, 2 strains of Kluyveromyces lactis, Cryptococcus saitoi, Candida intermedia, Candida oleophila and Debaryomyces hansenii, which were cultivated on 4 media with different compounds. During the cultivation the growth of biomass was monitored and growth curves were formed based on these results. Selected strains of yeasts were tested during the process of cultivation for lipolytic activity of two types of enzymes – enzymes bonded to the cellular structure and extracellular enzymes, which were measured by spectrophotometer. Production of lipolytic enzymes varied depending on applied culture medium.
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An Effect of Facilitation Physiotherapy on Immune Parameters of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Řasová, K. ; Brandejský, P. ; Kučera, P. ; Martinková, Patrícia
Introduction: New neurophysiologic knowledge brings new possibilities of physiotherapy – a potential influence of the immune system in sense of immunomodulation. In this study, the impact of facilitation physiotherapy (FP) on the humoral and cellular immunity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) was monitored. Methods: Plasma immunoglobulins and membrane markers were measured in 20 stable MS patients twice during two months. During this time, 12 patients underwent 2 months FP and 8 did not change their habits. Plasma immunoglobulins were measured by laser nephelometry and membrane markers were stained by monoclonal antibody conjugated with fluorochromes and analyzed by flow cytometry. Wilcoxon signed-rank (paired) test and Wilcoxon rank-sum (two-sample) test was used for analyses. Results: We found significant changes in patients after FP in number of immunological parameters (IgG, IgG1, IgA, CD3+CD8+, CD3+, NK cells, lymphocytes, neutrophiles. while in patients who did not change their habits, there was a significant increase only in IgA. However, the amount of changes after two months follow-up was significantly different in the two groups only in IgA (p = 0.008). Conclusion: FP in MS influences the immunologic profile of patients with MS.
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Spolehlivost didaktických testů
Martinková, Patrícia
The paper deals with reliability of measurements in the context of multiple-item testing instruments, such as educational tests. We concentrate on popular characteristic widely used for estimation of reliability called Cronbach’s alpha, which is suited for normally distributed error term. Further we discuss modifications of Cronbach’s alpha for the case of dichotomous (true-false) scoring.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: 0373343 - PDF
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