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The History and impact of the English-Only movement in the United States : Is there hope for language tolerance?
Workman, Romana ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This Master's thesis aims to analyze the circumstances and grounds of the development of an English-Only Movement in the United States of America (USA), which pursues to establish English as the official language on a federal level, to evaluate its role in contemporary language policy in the United States where about half of all states do not have English enacted as the official language, and to confirm or reverse the thesis as to whether or not the English-Only movement is a right-wing conservative initiative and an influential interest group practicing a so-called language imperialism. This thesis describes the contemporary situation in five analyzed states and extends the topic by a language map of New York City as a historical gateway for immigrants into the United States. It also intends to analyze the contemporary language policy in the light of the new immigration law in a situation where the GOP has a majority in both Houses. The paper also has an ambition to introduce the existence, instruments and successes, or failures, respectively, of the movement to Czech professionals dealing with language issues. In the first part, the paper outlines some important definitions, resources and methods applied herein, and provides a picture of the American identity, values and culture. The second part...
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Economic and Geopolitical Implications of TPP and TTIP for the United States
Šálený, Václav ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
Multilateral trade negotiations within the World Trade Organization have reached a stalemate but there are new trade agreements being currently negotiated, either on bilateral or multinational basis. This thesis deals with two current major trade initiatives, the Trans-Pacific Partnership between the United States and eleven Pacific countries and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership which includes the United States and the European Union. The thesis uses a comparative analysis to assess economic as well as geopolitical implications of the two trade agreements for the United States. The most apparent geopolitical aspect is the effort of the United States to write the rules of trade for the 21st century before China does so. In regards to economic implications, the thesis works with a concept of intra-industry trade and based on it assesses the possible economic effects on the United States economy, especially in regards to productivity and transactional costs on labor market. Both of the agreements have many critics and their future is not clear. This thesis argues that in certain economic and geopolitical aspects, the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership is more beneficial and strategic for the United States.
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Malcolm X and His Significance for the African-American Rights Movement
Marinovová, Klára ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Malcolm X and his significance in the Civil Rights Movement" deals with life, ideology and philosophy of Malcolm X, representative of radical branch of African- American Civil Rights struggle. The work in its first part is based on Marcus Garvey's nationalistic ideas of black pride and racial exceptionality, which had an enormous impact on Malcolm during his childhood. In its second part it is based on incessant terror from supremacist groups and the pressure of white society. This all eventually ended up in breaking up of Malcolm's family and it contributed to his criminal activity in the streets of New York, district of Harlem. Text also deals with Malcolm's stay in prison, his acquaintance with ideology of Nation of Islam and his subsequent conversion to Islam and beginnings of his preaching career. Important passage is dedicated to comparison of thoughts and stands of Malcolm X with those of Martin L. King, often more respected representative of Civil Rights Movement's moderate section. Later withdrawal from Nation of Islam and Malcom's pilgrimage to Mecca were both highly significant events in his life changing his attitudes, which continued to modify and develop until his premature death. Based on analyses of Malcolm's life experience and thus his beliefs and attitude to...
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American Cities in Post-Industrial Reality: Detroit and Pittsburgh
Černá, Iveta ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
The thesis studies possibilities of restructuring of post-industrial cities by closely following and comparing the restructuring efforts of two cities located in the U.S. Midwest, Detroit and Pittsburgh. It studies the consequences of globalizing economy on the area of so- called Rust-Belt, as well as the impacts of the federal urban policies on the older industrial cities located in this area. Through deindustrialization of their economies, both Detroit and Pittsburgh suffered from similar problems, such as depopulation, unemployment, factory closure, and urban decline. Therefore to evaluate the level of success of the cities' transformation, the thesis compares their demographic and economic development. The last two chapter of the thesis provide assessment of Detroit's and Pittsburgh's transformation efforts by focusing on the urban planning and economic restructuralization strategies.
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US Government reaction to the Financial Crisis in 2008
Doucha, Jan ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
This paper deals with the reaction of the US Government to the financial crisis of 2008. The research intention is to confirm the hypothesis: American political representation, which is bipolary divided, can vote impartially and non-partisan in case of a threat. Research was focused on two specific measures: "Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008" and "The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act". These laws were discussed by the U. S. Congress as a reaction to the financial crisis. This paper is a comparative analysis of voting process of mentioned laws in context of the influence of interest groups. Text can offer section dedicated to the deatiled results of voting process followed by section dedicated to its evaluation, where the hypothesis is tested by asking questions: "How partisan were the votes?" and "What is the influence of lobby on the political system?". By performed analysis we have confirmed the hypothesis that in the case of crisis situations, the American political representation is able to seek non-party solutions. We also confirmed that the influence of interest groups is real, though difficult to measure.
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American Involvement in Vietnam during the Presidency of Dwinght D. Eisenhower
Do, Phuong Thuy ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Kozák, Kryštof (referee)
American journey to the Vietnam War began in the 1950s, when the US decided to stand beside France in the fight against the Viet Minh led by Ho Chi Minh. In 1954, the United States refused to take an intervention to assist the French in the battle of Dien Bien Phu. French troops lost the battle and started their withdrawal from the region, where the United States gradually fully replaced them. After the division of the country by the 17th parallel Washington began to build an independent democratic state in South Vietnam, which would be an ally of the West in the fight against communism. CIA agents, however, failed to put someone competent in the lead of the country, who would promote the necessary reforms and gain the respect of the population. Eisenhower's successors then inherited the American engagement in the region. The conflict in Vietnam escalated further until it converted into the Second Indochina War.
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American Foreign Policy and the Arab Uprisings in Egypt, Libya, and Syria
El-Ahmadieh, Jakub ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Bečka, Jan (referee)
The Master Thesis American Foreign Policy and the Arab Uprisings in Egypt, Libya, and Syria concentrates primarily on the conflict between democracy promotion and pursuit of strategic and security interests within the U.S. foreign policy with respect to uprisings in Egypt, Libya, and Syria that broke out in the beginning of 2011. The thesis also concentrates on the processes and the tools used by the United States to support either democratization efforts or their vital interests and how these processes were publicly communicated. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part analyzes history of democracy promotion in the U.S. foreign policy and its conflict with interest-based stability promotion. The second, and the most extensive, part examines the uprisings in Egypt, Libya, and Syria with an accent on the U.S. foreign policy. The third part seeks to identify patterns and features of the U.S. foreign policy with respect to the uprisings in the mentioned countries using the facts mentioned in the previous two chapters. The thesis uses mainly newspaper articles and expert opinions as the principle sources. As the topic is a very current issue there is no huge number of academic sources available especially concerning the later phases of the uprisings. Also, official sources like analyses...
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Land of freedom or land of surveillance? : right to privacy in the U.S. after 9/11
Krauzová, Tereza ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
Land of freedom or land of surveillance? Right to privacy in the U.S. after 9/11 Abstract The United States of America has been always perceived as a land of freedom. The U.S. citizens are very proud of their Constitution that became model for other constitutions in the world. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 not only brought a change in the U.S. foreign policy as the war on terror was launched, but also influenced the domestic political development and caused creation of a complex network of security legislative. These antiterrorism measures have been criticized, as the programs arising especially from the Patriot Act are controversial, challenging the civil rights and especially the right to privacy. In 2013, Edward Snowden revealed secret spying programs of the National Security Agency. This thesis examines the discrepancies between the proclaimed freedom and the reality, in which the United States is ranked among endemic surveillance societies. Keywords: USA, Patriot Act, Snowden, NSA, surveillance, antiterrorism legislative
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Disputes Between States and Federation in the USA: A Case Study of Cannabis Legalization
Pohořská, Barbora ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
Bakalářská práce Spory mezi státy a federací v USA: Případová studie legalizace konopí Barbora Pohořská Abstrakt v anglickém jazyce This bachelor thesis focuses on relationships between the federal government and the state governments in the United States. The paper tries to find out how the conflicts between the two players in the case of marijuana legislation are resolved. Marijuana is considered to be illegal under the U. S. federal law. Some states, however, the use, possession, and cultivation of limited amount of the drug under different conditions allow. Because of that, a conflict of federal and state laws occurs. This paper tries to determine how such conflicts are resolved; whether the federal legislature prevails the state one or vice versa, or whether the parties approach some mutual compromise. The paper characterizes federal and state marijuana legislation, and deals with the attitudes and reactions of the federal authorities and the courts to state laws. It also recognizes recent change in attitude of the federal authorities, which tends to confirm the assumption that the states and the federation coexist together in a certain way.
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