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The tug of war? Premier - presidential domains in France during the period of cohabitation
Daňková, Julie ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
The French Fifth Republic is described as a semi-presidential system. This type of democracy is the result of written constitution and of the political reality as well. Cohabitation belongs to one of the phenomenon of these daily political routines. It is a situation in which the President and the Prime Minister come from different and most often opposing political parties. This thesis pursues all three periods of cohabitation and focuses on the description of distribution of particular powers among the two head executives. In the same time the potential conflicts of such koexistence are analyzed.
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Consociational democracy in contemporary perspective
Procházka, Libor ; Koubek, Jiří (advisor) ; Bureš, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Consociational Democracy in Contemporary Perspective"pursues, as the name suggests the consociational democracy model. It attempts to make readers acquainted both with the theory and with some of the critique that has been made during four decades. Consociational democracy appears in 1960-ies as a rather narrow empirical model that was to explain stability in plural societies; it nevertheless radically changes and transfers itself in much more ambitious theory. This is recognized and described by the essay.
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The Direct Presidential Election in the Czech Republic
Chmelíková, Tereza ; Štefek, Martin (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the problem of direct presidential election in the Czech Republic. The first part focuses on constitutional changes which are necessary for this to come into effect, including an insight of both the proponents and the opponents from the political and expert spheres. The author attempts to answer the question whether the depicted institutional change can lead to a significant modification of the Czech political system. The goal of the submitted thesis is a treatise about semi- presidentialism. That is a crucial section of the thesis and is based not only on studying the classic political literature (Duverger, Elgie, Sartori, Shugart) but on selected methods of measuring the presidential power as well. The last part of the thesis analyzes the activity of the new president in office during his first year after being elected. Key words: Semi-Presidentialism; Direct Presidential Election; Presidential Power; Czech Politics Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Catholic Church and its influence on the transition and subsequent consolidation of democracy
Labutta, Michael ; Koubek, Jiří (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
(anglicky) The bachelor thesis will deal with comparison of countries that have undergone transitions and influence of the Catholic Church there is a fairly strong. In particular, it will be about Poland and Chile. In the introduction I tried to cover the position of the Church in these states for the duration of the undemocratic regime (if it stood on the side of the regime, covert opposition, or whether they acted directly against the regime). Another part will deal whit what the relationship with the Church undemocratic regimes sought. Whether enforce repression, co- optation, or some form of "tacit agreement". In conclusion and in response to previous questions, I will try to answer the question whether the Catholic Church was in those countries open to cooperation and advocated more confrontational stance, and what was this attitude affect the form, course and outcome of transition, and as reflected in future consolidation of democracy.
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Transnistria in the Russian Foreign Policy
Soušková, Tereza ; Slačálek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the separatist state Transnistria which was created in 1992 with assistance of Russian Federation in terrritory of Moldova. The research deals with analysis of extent of Transinistria autonomy in relation to its patron Russian Federation. This thesis discusses historical development of relations among Moldova, Transnistria and Soviet Union/Russia, and the function of internal and external sovereignity of Transnistria. Together with these issues the thesis deals with the topic of transnistrian identity and how it is influenced by the relations between Transnistria and Russian Federation. This thesis will be discussed as a unique case study with concept application of weak statehood on quasi-state Transnistria. The thesis evaluates to what extent Transnistria acts autonomous according to Russian Federation and according to international community and whether could be Transnistria considered independent participant of international relations.
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Presidential System in Brazil
Michal, Petr ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
(English) Brazil is not gifted by greatest conditions for its existence - president do have strong legislative powers, which allow him to dominate politics, and he is confronted by severely fragmented legislature. This kind of political constellation should cause strong political crises and should be responsible for unstability of political regime. In this paper, we are trying to describe reasons why it is not so. Thanks to the change of international ideological and political context (i.e. end of Cold War) democracy has been internalized by various political actors and army returned back to barracks. Parliament and president were left alone to face their own fate. Even though president dominates legislative process (thanks to his strong powers) and can structure parliament's choices, constitution (de facto) forces him to seek support in parliament and create wider coalitions. On the other hand parliament has strong tools how to offer president alternative proposals and de facto decides if president's policy will be permanent or not. In extreme cases (i.e. political crises) is parliament proactive actor, which controls presidents survival.
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Influence of the elections and electoral systems on dissolution of the Socialist federal republic of Yugoslavia
Höfer, Karel ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
The author is concerned with the influence of elections and electoral systems on dissolution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia at example of Slovenia and Croatia in his contribution from the field of political science. He analyses the role of elections and electroral systems in the republic parliaments of Slovenia and Croatia on the basis of methodological procedures and theoretical concepts. It is done primarily by the transformation of allocation of political power before and after the elections and also by the consequences of the elections. Together with it the reader is briefed by the basic facts about dissolution of Yugoslavia and emergence of selected successor countries. The infuence of elections at the level of republics consisted in the legitimization of transformation of allocation of political power toward to the republics and in the legitimization of democratic way above all. The influence of electoral systems consisted in proportion of the results above all. The elections at the level of republics simplified the decentralization of Yugoslavia leading to its dissolution. Elections and electoral systems was significant part of the dissolution of Yugoslavia and the independence of its parts. The desitegration process was far more complex and its pure reduction for the election would...
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Development and changes of the Communist Party of Vietnam
Homutová, Lada ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
This thesis focuses on the study of factionalism in the Communist Party of Vietnam and relates it to the recent problems of the Vietnamese regime. In order to determine the causes of the current crisis in Vietnam and introduce the environment in which Vietnamese elites operate, this study analyses both formal and informal structures of the political system of Vietnam and the principles of their functioning. This thesis criticizes misleading usage of faction as an analytical tool in the works on Vietnam and presents Andrew Nathan's factional model elaborated for China which is applied to Vietnam in a slightly changed form. We present evidence showing that the central political arena in Vietnam displays factional characteristics. Those findings are linked to the problem immobilism in Vietnam which is connected with instability caused by the absence of political initiatives and needed reforms (mainly the political one). Attention is also drawn to the need for the development of a theory of factionalism. Key words: The Communist Party of Vietnam, factional theories, political system of Vietnam
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Authoritarian regime in Iran. Early years of Pahalavis's rule.
Ducháčková, Michaela ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the Iranian regime in early years of Pahlavis rule and to apply Linz typology of non-democratic regimes. The theoretical part focuses on the characterization of each type of non-democratic regimes (except for posttotalitarianism) on the basis of Linz's four dimensions - pluralism, ideology, mobilization and leadership. The empirical part deals with certain aspects and features of regimes that are relevant for the evaluation, why the concept of authoritarianism is most suitable for Iran. Early years of Reza Shah's rule (1926 - 1933) and Mohammad Reza's rule (1953 - 1963) are analyzed separately. All the results are then summarized and both regimes are compared.
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