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California Proposition 187 - The American Immigration Discussion in 1990's
Kučerová, Lenka ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Korytová Magstadt, Štěpánka (referee)
Immigration - legal and illegal - has been an important issue throughout the United States history. One of the periods of high interest in immigration and related themes occurred during the 1990's, especially between years 1994 and 1996. The controversial Proposition 187 restricting the illegal immigrants' access to welfare benefits and state education passed in California in November 1994 was the first anti-immigrant measure of this period. The state of California became once again a ''trendmaker" in the immigration policy of the United States. Nevertheless, California is rather unique among the states of the Union with its substantially high share of foreign born population and great ethnic diversity. The goal of the thesis was to analyze the immigration discussion in California in 1990's on the example of Proposition 187 passed in 1994 in a referendum and evaluate the impact of the discussion on the federal legislative and the federal immigration debate. The first task was to describe the demographic situation and development in California in the first half of the 1990's - its basic characteristics, and also the economical and social circumstances - and also introduce a brief history of California immigration. The California population has been changing very quickly since 1980's and the share of...
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The development of legal, political and social aspects of obscenity in the USA
Chmelařová, Petra ; Calda, Miloš (advisor) ; Korytová Magstadt, Štěpánka (referee)
Diploma thesis "The development of legal, political and social aspects of obscenity in the USA" focuses on the historical development of the basic definition of obscenity, highlights the long and difficult process of its formulation and presents crucial decisions of the Supreme court. It also briefly summarizes chief arguments supporting or rejecting censorship on the grounds of obscenity. This work also provides with a general overview of legislature concerning obscenity in the United States and concisely presents some interest groups, which are actively fighting against obscenity/ indecency or for the protection of the freedom of speech. Furthermore, the work also focuses on the work of the Federal Communication commission and gives an overview of its rulings regulating obscenity and indecency in broadcasting media. Finally, this work also introduces the Nipplegate scandal and concentrates on the developments after it.
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