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Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of gender in employment
Machačová, Kateřina ; Koldinská, Kristina (advisor) ; Štefko, Martin (referee)
- 111 - PROHIBITION OF DISCRIMINATION BASED ON SEX IN LABOUR-LAW RELATIONS This diploma paper deals with the prohibition of discrimination based on sex in labour-law relations. Its main objective was to present a comprehensive construction of legal regulation of equal treatment and equal opportunities for men and women both in the legal order of the Czech Republic and in the law of the European Community ("EC") and in public international conventions. The thesis opens with the explanation of general framework of the subject, it especially analyses the notion of equality and various approaches to this concept. Further on, the paper focuses on the demonstrations of unequal chances of men and women on the employment market, as well as on the historical aspects of women's status in society. Quite an extensive part of the presentation is dedicated to the definition of the fundamental concept of discrimination, its particular forms (above all the conception of direct vs. indirect discrimination) and exceptions to the principle of equal treatment. The explication is primarily based on definitions contained in the European directives (to the implementation of which the Czech Republic as a Member State of the EC is obliged), as well as on the relevant judicial decisions of the European Court of Justice ("ECJ"). The...
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Social services and the role of non-governmental organisation in social security
Havlínová, Monika ; Koldinská, Kristina (advisor) ; Procházková, Eva (referee)
In my essay I focused especially on the new Act on Social Services, which came into force on January 1, 2007 and replaced a regulation coming even from the time of communism. For a long time the previous regulation wasn't corresponding to the development of contemporary society, its needs and trends in social services, which were brought along with the revolutionary year 1989. A new law was called after by professional public, and also by the very beneficiaries of social services. The new law has been awaited for a very long time, probably longer than it had originally been expected. For a long period a way which the new regulation should take, couldn't be found; adoption process was also complicated due to the political situation. Many discussions took place about a new law. Themes that can be included in the area of social services are now more up-to-date than ever before. It is a topic that touches many of us, sometimes even more than we would like. For this reason I chose this issue for my thesis. At the beginning of my essay I am dealing with historical development of social services. Namely, from the first references to them in the antiquity, through their concept in the Middle Ages to the first efforts for comprehensive legal regulation. Only in the context of and with the knowledge of historical...
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Service relationship of members of law enfrocement units
Orel, Jan ; Koldinská, Kristina (referee) ; Hůrka, Petr (advisor)
71 Service Relationship of Security Force Members (Summary) Since 1st January 2007 the Service Relationship of Security Force Members Act No. 361/2003 Coll. has come into force. The Act arranges legal relations of The Police of the Czech Republic members, The Fire Service members, The Customs Service members, The Prison Service members, The Security Information Service members and Office for Foreign Relations and Information members. The Service Relationship of Security Force Members Act is a complex norm setting the material-law and procedural-law aspects of service relationship affairs. The act arranges not only basic institutes as creation, change and end of the service relationship, service conditions, basic duties of a security force member, income of a security force member, service duration, retirement rights, and proceedings in service relationship affairs, but also institutes traditionally adopted into previous service relationship arrangements from the Labour Code (e.g. deputizing, time measurement, its end and passing of demands in the case of the death of a security force member). The service relationship of the security force members, being a civil service relationship, has several characteristic features, refering to the public nature of the service relationship. This nature is strongly formed...
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Reflection on EU employment policy at district level - case study of Česká Lípa
Škoda, Jakub ; Tomeš, Igor (advisor) ; Koldinská, Kristina (referee)
Otázka zaměstnanosti se stala jedním z hlavních témat evropské politiky. Prioritním záměrem není pouze předehnat ostatní mocnosti v produktivitě práce a zaručit tak svým občanům blahobyt. Evropě jde o udržitelnost jejích sociálních systémů, které stojí na základech evropského osvícenství vyvinutého z křesťanské tradice a solidarity. Evropa musí ze své integrace vytěžit co nejvíce, protože demografický vývoj a pomalý ekonomický růst nutí k hledání nových řešení. Příznivý ekonomický rozvoj a vysoká produktivita práce 60. let minulého století byla garancí minimální evropské nezaměstnanosti. Od 80. let 20. století se objevují nové potřeby restrukturalizace trhů práce. Začíná se realizovat politika zaměstnanosti, která má za úkol vytvářet nová pracovní místa a definovat pozici pracovníků na pracovním trhu. Snaha Evropského společenství k zachování vysoké kvality a produktivity práce vyústila ve formulaci Evropské strategie zaměstnanosti v roce 1997. Společenství se však nadále nedaří čelit problémům vysoké konkurence Spojených států a Japonska, stárnutí obyvatel a drahé pracovní síly Unie, která snižuje ekonomický potenciál. Z těchto důvodů Evropská unie (EU) přikročila ke Strategii obnovy a rozvoje. Strategie, známá především pod názvem Lisabonský proces, vytyčila kvantifikovatelné cíle, které mají rozvinout...
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